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Cytosolic DNA Triggers Mitochondrial Apoptosis via DNA Damage
Cytosolic DNA Triggers Mitochondrial Apoptosis via DNA Damage

... preparations at a concentration of 4 mg/ml for 18 h using Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Invitrogen), according to the manufacturer’s manual. For mock stimulation, the highest amount of transfection reagent/oligonucleotide applied in that particular experiment was matched as control. Infection by MVA was do ...
Action Potentials
Action Potentials

... interpret graphs of the voltage changes taking place during the generation and transmission of an action potential; ...
Megakaryoblastic Leukemia-1/2, a
Megakaryoblastic Leukemia-1/2, a

... with 10% newborn calf serum (Sigma) at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 incubator. The cells were transiently transfected on six-well plates using the calcium phosphate DNA precipitation method. The cells were incubated with the transfection mixture for 16 h and then changed to fresh media for another 24 h. Lucife ...
Biological and Biochemical Effects of
Biological and Biochemical Effects of

... Mass.). Samples (in triplicate) were then washed 4 times Purificationof DNA Polymerases.DNApolymerasea of with 4 ml of ice-cold 10% trichloroacetic acid and 3 times cultured L1210 cells was purified according to the proce with 4 ml of absolute ethanol. For DNAand ANAextraction, dure of Grahamet al. ...
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Thesis THE ROLE
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Thesis THE ROLE

... that newly generated granule neurons found in the olfactory bulb migrate to their final destination by way of the rostral migratory stream (Altman 1969). The scientific community largely ignored these results believing they lacked any functional significance. It wasn’t until the late 1970s that neur ...
Stabilization Proliferative Potential and Telomere Length Increased
Stabilization Proliferative Potential and Telomere Length Increased

... mAbs used for surface staining were all purchased from BD Biosciences (San Diego, CA). To surface stain cells, Abs were added for 15 min at room temperature, after which the cells were washed in PBS, fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde, and stored at 4°C until acquisition on a FACSCalibur. For staining wit ...
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size

... Downloaded from on August 3, 2017 - Published by www.plantphysiol.org Copyright © 2014 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. ...
Non-neoplastic globe pathology non-neoplastic globe
Non-neoplastic globe pathology non-neoplastic globe

... apoptosis has been linked to hyperglycemia and retinal pericyte death hyperglycemic states deplete intracellular glutathione (defense against peroxidation) hyperglycemic environments trigger upregulation of bax (apoptosis activator) and downregulation of bcl-2 (apoptosis inhibitor) eventually causin ...
role of integrins in cancer development
role of integrins in cancer development

... integrin expression pattern is highly variable between cancer types, in individual tumors, and even in separate tumor cells inside a single tumor. Thus, it is difficult to estimate the involvement of an individual adhesion receptor. The data that have accumulated with respect to integrin expression ...
Biology - OpenWetWare
Biology - OpenWetWare

... Ribosomes One of the most important jobs carried out in the cell is making proteins. Proteins are assembled on ribosomes. Ribosomes are small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm. ...
Ampicillin vs. Carbenicillin
Ampicillin vs. Carbenicillin

... when used in growth media. It is more resistant to heat and low pH- induced degradation over time making it particularly useful for large-scale liquid culture growth. It also reduces the presence of satellite colonies seen with ampicillin. Satellite colonies are very small colonies visible on the pl ...
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size

... Downloaded from on June 18, 2017 - Published by www.plantphysiol.org Copyright © 2014 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. ...
identified aplysia neurons form specific chemical synapses in culture1
identified aplysia neurons form specific chemical synapses in culture1

... at the Marine Biological Laboratory. * To whom correspondence should be addressed, at Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute-Annex, ...
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PDF

... were present maternally and throughout stages 1–8, including stages where no immunostaining for HRO-WNT-A was detected (Figure 2b; in these experiments, we used Hro-wnt-A oligos that span an intron to avoid problems of genomic contamination, and we amplified 18S rRNA in parallel for each sample to c ...
Rabbit (polyclonal) Anti-Src pan Antibody, Unconjugated
Rabbit (polyclonal) Anti-Src pan Antibody, Unconjugated

... 1. Lyse approximately 107 cells in 0.5 mL of ice cold Cell Lysis Buffer (formulation provided below). This buffer, a modified RIPA buffer, is suitable for recovery of most proteins, including membrane receptors, cytoskeletal-associated proteins, and soluble proteins. This cell lysis buffer formulati ...
wk4b
wk4b

... The central wavelength and bandpass of the excitation and emission wavelength selectors (filters or monochromators) are chosen. to maximise the fluorescnece signal and to minimise) the background signal) ...
ppt
ppt

... So, to get bigger, most organisms increase cell number, not cell size…. ...
MS-SCI-LS-Unit 1 -- Chapter 4- Cell Processes and Energy
MS-SCI-LS-Unit 1 -- Chapter 4- Cell Processes and Energy

... e. Students know cells divide to increase their numbers through a process of mitosis, which results in two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. ...
comparative geometry of cytomembranes and water-lipid
comparative geometry of cytomembranes and water-lipid

... Some other characters underline the asymmetry of the membrane and, for instance, the endocytosis often observed at the basis of microvilli. There are examples of microvilli containing delicate extensions of the endoplasmic reticulum and each microvillus corresponds to a set of two coaxial cylinders, ...
Cell and Cell Chemistry
Cell and Cell Chemistry

... substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being changed or consumed by the reaction) – they speed up a reaction that would have happened anyway but it would have taken longer • They serve as catalysts because, as proteins, they can change shape. This allows them to bind ...
Day1 chick development
Day1 chick development

... and squid (Arnold, 1969) embryos. The pendulum-shaped furrow has an elaborate structure at its base called furrow base body, which in addition to supplying new membrane may function as an equivalent of midbody in driving furrow deepening (Gipson, 1974) or in controlling the transition from vertical ...
Parathyroid Gland – Introduction
Parathyroid Gland – Introduction

... functional status of the chief cells. Chief cells in the mouse parathyroid may be clear or dark, with an increase in clear cells in older mice. Cytoplasmic volume or nuclear density of the chief cells (on a glandular level) is a relative indicator of parathyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. Glan ...
Identification of Bacteria
Identification of Bacteria

... There are many different types of bacteria. They differ in the structure of their cells, their metabolism and chemistry, and the structure of their cell walls. The differences among bacteria are used to classify them and to identify a species. Bacteria come in a number of shapes. Most, however, are ...
Lipase Production from Free Cells and Immobilized Whole Cells
Lipase Production from Free Cells and Immobilized Whole Cells

... MRS medium. The flask containing 50 ml fermentation medium is inoculated by 20 h old inoculums. The inoculums development and the fermentation are carried out at 35-37°C in an anaerobic environment. At he end of 20 hr crude lipase enzyme can be isolated. Immobilized Whole Cell Fermentation: The lact ...
KS4 Microbes
KS4 Microbes

... One bacterium can divide into two new bacteria every 20 minutes! ...
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Cell culture



Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.
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