Chordate ancestry of the neural crest: New insights from ascidians
... which migrated from the larval head region. These results represent the first evidence of migratory NCLC cells in an invertebrate chordate. Two markers of vertebrate NC were used to further investigate the possibility that the migratory cells are NCLC [46]. Cells similar in morphology and spatial po ...
... which migrated from the larval head region. These results represent the first evidence of migratory NCLC cells in an invertebrate chordate. Two markers of vertebrate NC were used to further investigate the possibility that the migratory cells are NCLC [46]. Cells similar in morphology and spatial po ...
1 A generalized quantitative antibody homeostasis model
... antibody-antigen interactions. General, because we attempt to insert all key developmental and differentiation events of B cells into the model in our first article, and all key soluble antibody-mediated antigen recognition phenomena in our second article. Quantitative, because we insert these event ...
... antibody-antigen interactions. General, because we attempt to insert all key developmental and differentiation events of B cells into the model in our first article, and all key soluble antibody-mediated antigen recognition phenomena in our second article. Quantitative, because we insert these event ...
... thus depending exclusively on dietary Arg. High levels of dietary lysine (Lys) increase the demand for Arg because of the antagonistic relationship between these amino acids. The Arg-Lys antagonism promotes an expressive increase in the renal Arg activity and consequently induces the degradation of ...
Thiazolidinediones Inhibit the Expression of
... chronically to these animals, they enhance lipolysis and thermogenesis, reduce fat accumulation in response to overfeeding (6), and improve insulin sensitivity (7). In humans, however, these particular compounds appear to be less effective and not as specific for the 3-AR as they are in rodents (8) ...
... chronically to these animals, they enhance lipolysis and thermogenesis, reduce fat accumulation in response to overfeeding (6), and improve insulin sensitivity (7). In humans, however, these particular compounds appear to be less effective and not as specific for the 3-AR as they are in rodents (8) ...
Single-Cell Isolation and Gene Analysis: Pitfalls and
... isolated from Thermus aquaticus [22]. With this refinement, scientists could conduct the DNA amplification reaction at high temperatures without adding new enzyme between each round of the PCR cycle. The higher amplification temperature also permitted more precise targeting of the DNA and reduced th ...
... isolated from Thermus aquaticus [22]. With this refinement, scientists could conduct the DNA amplification reaction at high temperatures without adding new enzyme between each round of the PCR cycle. The higher amplification temperature also permitted more precise targeting of the DNA and reduced th ...
Fc Macrophages via the ERK Pathway Receptor Cross-linking Stimulates Cell Proliferation of *
... were not stained. The macrophage cells were incubated on coated plates at 37 °C with 10% CO2 for indicated time up to 11 h. Longer time points were not selected due to the fast response of cell proliferation to the stimulation of Fc␥R crosslinking, to avoid the possibility of autocrine effects compl ...
... were not stained. The macrophage cells were incubated on coated plates at 37 °C with 10% CO2 for indicated time up to 11 h. Longer time points were not selected due to the fast response of cell proliferation to the stimulation of Fc␥R crosslinking, to avoid the possibility of autocrine effects compl ...
Activation of Src Kinases p53/56@ and p59hckby @ in Myeloid Cells`
... study of signaling events induced by p2l0@i@@@t, the murine, myeboid, IL-3-dependent cell line 32D was transfected with the plasmid pGD21O as described in “Materialsand Methods.―The resulting cell line 32Dp2l0 stably expressed the kinase; it could be grown with G4l8 (1 mg/mi) and without the add ...
... study of signaling events induced by p2l0@i@@@t, the murine, myeboid, IL-3-dependent cell line 32D was transfected with the plasmid pGD21O as described in “Materialsand Methods.―The resulting cell line 32Dp2l0 stably expressed the kinase; it could be grown with G4l8 (1 mg/mi) and without the add ...
Inflamation Historical Review
... the Russian biologist Elie Metchnikoff 1880s, • discovered the process of phagocytosis by observing eating bacteria by mammalian leukocytes. • concluded the purpose of inflammation was to bring phagocytic cells to the injured area to engulf invading bacteria. • both cells (phagocytes) and serum fac ...
... the Russian biologist Elie Metchnikoff 1880s, • discovered the process of phagocytosis by observing eating bacteria by mammalian leukocytes. • concluded the purpose of inflammation was to bring phagocytic cells to the injured area to engulf invading bacteria. • both cells (phagocytes) and serum fac ...
Answer - Indus World School
... Tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and are organised together to perform a specific task. Question 2: What is the utility of tissues in multi-cellular organisms? Answer: In unicellular organisms, a single cell performs all the basic functions such as respiration, movement, excr ...
... Tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and are organised together to perform a specific task. Question 2: What is the utility of tissues in multi-cellular organisms? Answer: In unicellular organisms, a single cell performs all the basic functions such as respiration, movement, excr ...
Compliance in plants
... roots that have the job of raising the leaves above those of other, competing plants. The leaves harvest light by the process of photosynthesis and so power the plant’s growth and reproduction. In such situations most man-made structures are made as rigid as possible so that they can withstand their ...
... roots that have the job of raising the leaves above those of other, competing plants. The leaves harvest light by the process of photosynthesis and so power the plant’s growth and reproduction. In such situations most man-made structures are made as rigid as possible so that they can withstand their ...
Growth of Tyzzer`s Organism in Primary Monolayer
... The successful propagation of the Tyzzer’s organism in tissue culture was described by Rights et al. (1947), who achieved abundant growth of the organisms in mouse embryo tissue placed on agar slopes. With chick embryo tissue, however, the results were not satisfactory. Craigie (1966) failed to infe ...
... The successful propagation of the Tyzzer’s organism in tissue culture was described by Rights et al. (1947), who achieved abundant growth of the organisms in mouse embryo tissue placed on agar slopes. With chick embryo tissue, however, the results were not satisfactory. Craigie (1966) failed to infe ...
Biology Priority Expectations
... Living systems are made up of four major types of organic molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic ...
... Living systems are made up of four major types of organic molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic ...
Microtubules do not promote mitotic slippage when the spindle
... (Jordan et al., 1992) cells reveals that accelerated slippage in low drug concentrations correlates with the formation of some spindle MTs. For example, rat kangaroo cells entering mitosis in 400 nM nocodazole assemble MTs and exit mitosis after ⵑ3 h, whereas in 10 μM nocodazole, MTs fail to form an ...
... (Jordan et al., 1992) cells reveals that accelerated slippage in low drug concentrations correlates with the formation of some spindle MTs. For example, rat kangaroo cells entering mitosis in 400 nM nocodazole assemble MTs and exit mitosis after ⵑ3 h, whereas in 10 μM nocodazole, MTs fail to form an ...
Article Integrin-Dependent Organization and Bidirectional Vesicular Traffic at Cytotoxic Immune Synapses Immunity
... not simply a reflection of membrane accumulation, as shown by double staining with CD107a and the membrane dye DiIC16 (Figure S4). Occasionally, the distribution of exocytosed LAMP-1 was more dispersed, but formation of a stable cluster of LAMP-1 was still apparent (cell 4 in Figure 3A). To test whe ...
... not simply a reflection of membrane accumulation, as shown by double staining with CD107a and the membrane dye DiIC16 (Figure S4). Occasionally, the distribution of exocytosed LAMP-1 was more dispersed, but formation of a stable cluster of LAMP-1 was still apparent (cell 4 in Figure 3A). To test whe ...
Euglena gracilis by Cadmium
... such as fish (6), crustacea (7), and various microorganisms (8,9) vary greatly in chemical and physical properties among themselves and in comparison to mammalian metallothioneins (MTs). In contrast to the multiplicity of invertebrate binding proteins (BPs), MTs from numerous mammalian species have ...
... such as fish (6), crustacea (7), and various microorganisms (8,9) vary greatly in chemical and physical properties among themselves and in comparison to mammalian metallothioneins (MTs). In contrast to the multiplicity of invertebrate binding proteins (BPs), MTs from numerous mammalian species have ...
High Expression of the Tonoplast Aquaporin
... Paraplast Plus blocks and stored at 4°C before sectioning. The embedded tissues were sectioned into 8- to 10-mmthick slices and placed on Superfrost/Plus slides (Fisher Scientific). Sections were dried and affixed to the slides by incubating the slides on a hot plate at 45°C for 18 h, dewaxed with H ...
... Paraplast Plus blocks and stored at 4°C before sectioning. The embedded tissues were sectioned into 8- to 10-mmthick slices and placed on Superfrost/Plus slides (Fisher Scientific). Sections were dried and affixed to the slides by incubating the slides on a hot plate at 45°C for 18 h, dewaxed with H ...
Minireview
... Proteins encoded by the per genes contribute in various ways to the core clock mechanism. PER and CRY proteins interact in the cytoplasm and then enter the nucleus to inhibit CLOCK:BMAL1 activity and consequently the expression of the per genes, thereby constituting the primary autoregulatory feedba ...
... Proteins encoded by the per genes contribute in various ways to the core clock mechanism. PER and CRY proteins interact in the cytoplasm and then enter the nucleus to inhibit CLOCK:BMAL1 activity and consequently the expression of the per genes, thereby constituting the primary autoregulatory feedba ...
Physcomitrella Cyclin-Dependent Kinase A Links
... The results from flow cytometry and microphotometry consistently imply that gametophore blade cells are arrested in G2. However, unexpectedly, in cells induced to reprogram, but before cytokinesis, we found that 5-ethynyl-29-deoxyuridine (EdU) was incorporated in leaf cell nuclei (Figures 1H to 1L). ...
... The results from flow cytometry and microphotometry consistently imply that gametophore blade cells are arrested in G2. However, unexpectedly, in cells induced to reprogram, but before cytokinesis, we found that 5-ethynyl-29-deoxyuridine (EdU) was incorporated in leaf cell nuclei (Figures 1H to 1L). ...
Life Science – Grade 7 Review Book
... released by the exhaust system, but it also decreases the fuel efficiency of the engine. Which statement is best supported by this example? a. Fuel conservation is more important than decreasing pollution. b. Every technological device has benefits and burdens associated with its use. c. Automobiles ...
... released by the exhaust system, but it also decreases the fuel efficiency of the engine. Which statement is best supported by this example? a. Fuel conservation is more important than decreasing pollution. b. Every technological device has benefits and burdens associated with its use. c. Automobiles ...
The Venus Flytrap as a model for a biomimetic material with built
... present investigation is to apply such modelling to the molecular design of biomimetic materials with sensors and actuators. In modelling the dynamic response of such plants (or their flowers, to be exact) to external disturbances it is worth noting that these plants are capable of trapping and capt ...
... present investigation is to apply such modelling to the molecular design of biomimetic materials with sensors and actuators. In modelling the dynamic response of such plants (or their flowers, to be exact) to external disturbances it is worth noting that these plants are capable of trapping and capt ...
Hunt, D.E. Motility in the marine environment: an adaptive response
... 1051. No attempt has been made to purify the non-axenic strains from their co-existing heterotrophic organisms although they have been in culture for many years. Cyanobacteria were grown in a Sargasso-seawater based medium containing no combined nitrogen so that cells would grow diazotrophically wit ...
... 1051. No attempt has been made to purify the non-axenic strains from their co-existing heterotrophic organisms although they have been in culture for many years. Cyanobacteria were grown in a Sargasso-seawater based medium containing no combined nitrogen so that cells would grow diazotrophically wit ...
Viscoelastic dissipation stabilizes cell shape changes
... reference configuration, allowing forces exerted transiently to generate persistent shape changes. In order for the latter to be true, dissipation should occur on time scales typically shorter, or commensurate with, but definitely not much longer than the timescale of force generation. Hence it is o ...
... reference configuration, allowing forces exerted transiently to generate persistent shape changes. In order for the latter to be true, dissipation should occur on time scales typically shorter, or commensurate with, but definitely not much longer than the timescale of force generation. Hence it is o ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.