Drosophila Importin-a2 Is Involved in Synapse, Axon and Muscle
... Nuclear import is required for communication between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and to enact lasting changes in gene transcription following stimuli. Binding to an Importin-a molecule in the cytoplasm is often required to mediate nuclear entry of a signaling protein. As multiple isoforms of Impor ...
... Nuclear import is required for communication between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and to enact lasting changes in gene transcription following stimuli. Binding to an Importin-a molecule in the cytoplasm is often required to mediate nuclear entry of a signaling protein. As multiple isoforms of Impor ...
The Cell Membrane - Libreria Universo
... carrier transports only a single substance, it is called a uniporter. When it transports more than one substance in the same direction, it is called a cotransporter or symporter. When it transports two substances in opposite directions, it is called a countertransporter or antiporter. The rate of ca ...
... carrier transports only a single substance, it is called a uniporter. When it transports more than one substance in the same direction, it is called a cotransporter or symporter. When it transports two substances in opposite directions, it is called a countertransporter or antiporter. The rate of ca ...
Chlamydia effector proteins and new insights into chlamydial
... with C. trachomatis serovar E has been shown to be accompanied by lysosome-mediated repair of the plasma membrane [18]. Throughout the infectious cycle Chlamydiae modulate many other cellular functions. Prominent among these is the disruption of apoptotic programs that are central to innate immune r ...
... with C. trachomatis serovar E has been shown to be accompanied by lysosome-mediated repair of the plasma membrane [18]. Throughout the infectious cycle Chlamydiae modulate many other cellular functions. Prominent among these is the disruption of apoptotic programs that are central to innate immune r ...
paramecium notes 13 highlighted
... Paramecium are unicellular protozoans classified in the Kingdom Protista. Recall that protozoans are animal-like protists, named that way because they move and eat just like animals only they are made of a single cell. Paramecia live in quiet or stagnant ponds and feed on algae scum and other microo ...
... Paramecium are unicellular protozoans classified in the Kingdom Protista. Recall that protozoans are animal-like protists, named that way because they move and eat just like animals only they are made of a single cell. Paramecia live in quiet or stagnant ponds and feed on algae scum and other microo ...
The study of cell cycle control is entering a new and exciting phase
... Plasmids containing the cdc2 and cdc28 genes have been isolated from gene banks by virtue of their ability to allow mutants of cdc2 and cdc28 to grow at their restrictive temperatures (Nasmyth & Reed, 1980; Beach et al. 1982). The sequence of the cdc28 gene reveals that it contains a single open rea ...
... Plasmids containing the cdc2 and cdc28 genes have been isolated from gene banks by virtue of their ability to allow mutants of cdc2 and cdc28 to grow at their restrictive temperatures (Nasmyth & Reed, 1980; Beach et al. 1982). The sequence of the cdc28 gene reveals that it contains a single open rea ...
The Role of Chromosome Domains in Shaping the
... phenomena as loops, although in many cases they are more likely to represent a statistical ensemble of transient contacts than true stable structures (Giorgetti et al., 2014). Many enhancer-promoter combinations share binding of common transcription factors, and enhancers are also frequently transcr ...
... phenomena as loops, although in many cases they are more likely to represent a statistical ensemble of transient contacts than true stable structures (Giorgetti et al., 2014). Many enhancer-promoter combinations share binding of common transcription factors, and enhancers are also frequently transcr ...
Differential Subnuclear Localization of RNA Strands of Opposite
... Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ...
... Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 ...
Mediation of Clathrin-Dependent Trafficking during
... dependent upon endomembrane trafficking to add new membrane and CW materials to an expanding CP or the existing PM. Numerous membrane transport and fusion proteins function in both cytokinesis and cell expansion. For example, the Arabidopsis thaliana small GTPase RabA2a is necessary for delivery of t ...
... dependent upon endomembrane trafficking to add new membrane and CW materials to an expanding CP or the existing PM. Numerous membrane transport and fusion proteins function in both cytokinesis and cell expansion. For example, the Arabidopsis thaliana small GTPase RabA2a is necessary for delivery of t ...
micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are short (22
... potential miRNA-mRNA interactions. Once identified, putative interactions can be further investigated in vitro. A luciferase reporter gene containing the 3’UTR region of the potential mRNA target can be transfected into cells along with the miRNA of interest (Shah et al., 2007). Subsequent inverse c ...
... potential miRNA-mRNA interactions. Once identified, putative interactions can be further investigated in vitro. A luciferase reporter gene containing the 3’UTR region of the potential mRNA target can be transfected into cells along with the miRNA of interest (Shah et al., 2007). Subsequent inverse c ...
The Membrane Skeleton of a Unicellular Consists
... powder (5- or 25-urn diam, Heat Systems-Ultrasonics, Inc., Plainview, NY) to facilitate cell breakage. Two 10-s cavitations at the No. 4 setting of a Branson X125 Sonifier (Branson Instruments, Danbury, CT) separated by a short cooling interval resulted in complete cell disruption. Glass powder was ...
... powder (5- or 25-urn diam, Heat Systems-Ultrasonics, Inc., Plainview, NY) to facilitate cell breakage. Two 10-s cavitations at the No. 4 setting of a Branson X125 Sonifier (Branson Instruments, Danbury, CT) separated by a short cooling interval resulted in complete cell disruption. Glass powder was ...
Single Molecule Detection in Life Science
... Fig. 6. Turnover of an enzymatic reaction (A)(left) A schematic drawing how the ATPase by a single myosin molecule has been measured. A single myosin head was fixed on the glass surface and the turnover of the ATPase monitored by the fluorescence of labeled-ATP. The fluorescence could be visualized ...
... Fig. 6. Turnover of an enzymatic reaction (A)(left) A schematic drawing how the ATPase by a single myosin molecule has been measured. A single myosin head was fixed on the glass surface and the turnover of the ATPase monitored by the fluorescence of labeled-ATP. The fluorescence could be visualized ...
Table of Contents
... time around the O. Thus the H is left with a slight positive charge. The slightly positive H is attracted to the slight negative charges created by the polar covalent bonds of other molecules. This attraction, by definition, is a hydrogen bond. 6) How are the four major types of biological molecules ...
... time around the O. Thus the H is left with a slight positive charge. The slightly positive H is attracted to the slight negative charges created by the polar covalent bonds of other molecules. This attraction, by definition, is a hydrogen bond. 6) How are the four major types of biological molecules ...
Table of Contents
... time around the O. Thus the H is left with a slight positive charge. The slightly positive H is attracted to the slight negative charges created by the polar covalent bonds of other molecules. This attraction, by definition, is a hydrogen bond. 6) How are the four major types of biological molecules ...
... time around the O. Thus the H is left with a slight positive charge. The slightly positive H is attracted to the slight negative charges created by the polar covalent bonds of other molecules. This attraction, by definition, is a hydrogen bond. 6) How are the four major types of biological molecules ...
Table of Contents - College Test bank
... time around the O. Thus the H is left with a slight positive charge. The slightly positive H is attracted to the slight negative charges created by the polar covalent bonds of other molecules. This attraction, by definition, is a hydrogen bond. 6) How are the four major types of biological molecules ...
... time around the O. Thus the H is left with a slight positive charge. The slightly positive H is attracted to the slight negative charges created by the polar covalent bonds of other molecules. This attraction, by definition, is a hydrogen bond. 6) How are the four major types of biological molecules ...
Recent advances in plant cell wall proteomics
... Indeed, proteomic studies made on cell walls revealed leaderless proteins mixed with secreted proteins, many of which have well-known functions inside the cell. There have been many discussions about the possibility of finding non-canonical proteins in plant cell walls [7, 36]. Are they bona fide s ...
... Indeed, proteomic studies made on cell walls revealed leaderless proteins mixed with secreted proteins, many of which have well-known functions inside the cell. There have been many discussions about the possibility of finding non-canonical proteins in plant cell walls [7, 36]. Are they bona fide s ...
Galluzzi et al., 2007. Cell Death and Differentition 14:1237-1266
... appearance of the lethal process (that may be apoptotic, necrotic, autophagic or associated with mitosis), enzymological criteria (with and without the involvement of nucleases or distinct classes of proteases, like caspases or cathepsins), functional aspects (programmed or accidental, physiological ...
... appearance of the lethal process (that may be apoptotic, necrotic, autophagic or associated with mitosis), enzymological criteria (with and without the involvement of nucleases or distinct classes of proteases, like caspases or cathepsins), functional aspects (programmed or accidental, physiological ...
Asymmetric Cell Division as a Route to Reduction in Cell Length
... corset of closely packed subpellicular microtubules (Angelopoulos 1970) that are linked to each other and to the plasma membrane (Hemphill et al. 1991). The only hole in the array of subpellicular microtubules occurs at the point at which the flagellum emerges from the cell body (Hemphill et al. 199 ...
... corset of closely packed subpellicular microtubules (Angelopoulos 1970) that are linked to each other and to the plasma membrane (Hemphill et al. 1991). The only hole in the array of subpellicular microtubules occurs at the point at which the flagellum emerges from the cell body (Hemphill et al. 199 ...
Leishmania Flagellum
... the characterization of individual elements. Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domains are 200-amino-acid modular elements found in many eukaryotic multi-domain proteins [14]. Although their amino acid sequence may be poorly conserved and therefore difficult to identify, their structure is well conserved th ...
... the characterization of individual elements. Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domains are 200-amino-acid modular elements found in many eukaryotic multi-domain proteins [14]. Although their amino acid sequence may be poorly conserved and therefore difficult to identify, their structure is well conserved th ...
Multiple Exocytotic Markers Accumulate at the Sites of Perifungal
... (Pumplin and Harrison 2009). All of these observations suggest the presence of secretory activity inside the PPA, which has therefore been proposed to have a function in the assembly of the perifungal membrane, the extension of the plant plasma membrane that envelopes each intracellular hypha, maint ...
... (Pumplin and Harrison 2009). All of these observations suggest the presence of secretory activity inside the PPA, which has therefore been proposed to have a function in the assembly of the perifungal membrane, the extension of the plant plasma membrane that envelopes each intracellular hypha, maint ...
Phosphoproteomics reveals extensive in vivo phosphorylation of
... to be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, including so-called Ser/Arg-rich (SR) proteins. SR proteins promote both constitutive and alternative splicing and have overlapping but distinct functions. They interact with specific RNA sequences mainly through RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains, sometimes wit ...
... to be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, including so-called Ser/Arg-rich (SR) proteins. SR proteins promote both constitutive and alternative splicing and have overlapping but distinct functions. They interact with specific RNA sequences mainly through RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains, sometimes wit ...
the versatile bacterial type iv secretion systems
... Although it is clear that the CP coordinates with the Mpf complex to drive DNA transfer, until recently it was not known whether the CP physically interacts with the Mpf structure. Now, two studies have reported that CPs form stable interactions with homologues of the A. tumefaciens VirB10 protein35 ...
... Although it is clear that the CP coordinates with the Mpf complex to drive DNA transfer, until recently it was not known whether the CP physically interacts with the Mpf structure. Now, two studies have reported that CPs form stable interactions with homologues of the A. tumefaciens VirB10 protein35 ...
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types have no nuclei, and a few others have many.Cell nuclei contain most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell's nuclear genome. The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell. The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm, and the nucleoskeleton (which includes nuclear lamina), a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton, which supports the cell as a whole.Because the nuclear membrane is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required that regulate nuclear transport of molecules across the envelope. The pores cross both nuclear membranes, providing a channel through which larger molecules must be actively transported by carrier proteins while allowing free movement of small molecules and ions. Movement of large molecules such as proteins and RNA through the pores is required for both gene expression and the maintenance of chromosomes. The interior of the nucleus does not contain any membrane-bound sub compartments, its contents are not uniform, and a number of sub-nuclear bodies exist, made up of unique proteins, RNA molecules, and particular parts of the chromosomes. The best-known of these is the nucleolus, which is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes. After being produced in the nucleolus, ribosomes are exported to the cytoplasm where they translate mRNA.