• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Biofilm-grown Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC
Biofilm-grown Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC

... mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (Mmm SC). CBPP is currently absent from Europe ...
Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in
Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in

... concentration gradient across plant-cell components and (2) accumulation of PAHs in plant tissues, with the extent related to plant lipid contents [18-21]. However, the factors that influence PAH transfer and distribution in plants as well as their metabolism in cells are not clear. Plant uptake of ...
Comparing-Carotene, Vitamin E and Nitric Oxide as Membrane
Comparing-Carotene, Vitamin E and Nitric Oxide as Membrane

The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) provides a model for the
The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) provides a model for the

... smell of an over-ripe apple to conjure up, in the fly’s inner compound eye, an ...
Formation of lipid bodies and fatty acid composition changes upon
Formation of lipid bodies and fatty acid composition changes upon

The dendritic cell side of the immunological synapse
The dendritic cell side of the immunological synapse

... formation of relatively stable clusters of DCs contacting multiple T cells simultaneously (18, 37, 38). This second phase is observed within 3 h after phase 1 (18, 37), although the precise onset depends on the antigen dose and the number of DCs presenting the cognate antigen (40). The DC/T cell clu ...
1 Evolutionary conservation and emerging functional diversity of the
1 Evolutionary conservation and emerging functional diversity of the

... Being sessile, plants have to deal with complex environmental cues including a variety of stresses. They are evolved with specific mechanisms which help them regulate their cellular proteome with the changing external environment (Kosova et al. 2011; Kurepa et al. 2009). Molecular chaperones are a d ...
Mitotic Disrupter Herbicides
Mitotic Disrupter Herbicides

... Many herbicides affect the ability of a cell to enter mitosis by limiting something required for the mitotic process. For example, the inhibition of amino acid biosynthesis by sulfonylurea herbicides leads to a quick lowering of the number of cells entering mitosis (22). However, there are a number ...
Rapid movement of axonal neurofilaments interrupted by prolonged
Rapid movement of axonal neurofilaments interrupted by prolonged

... Axonal cytoskeletal and cytosolic proteins are synthesized in the neuronal cell body and transported along axons by slow axonal transport, but attempts to observe this movement directly in living cells have yielded conflicting results. Here we report the direct observation of the axonal transport of ...
PROTEIN-LIPID INTERPLAY IN FUSION AND FISSION OF
PROTEIN-LIPID INTERPLAY IN FUSION AND FISSION OF

... The goal of the numerical approaches, such as molecular dynamics, is the simulation of the fusion reaction on the basis of the dynamics of each atom in the system (6). These methods are promising for the future, when our knowledge about the atom-atom interactions within the membrane and in the surro ...


... Members of group 1, the primary sigma factors, are highly conserved and recognize similar target promoter sequences: TTGACA near the -35 and TATAAT near the -10 elements (Helmann, 2002). These sigma factors are usually between 40 and 70 kDa in size and contain four conserved regions (Fig. 1) (Lonett ...
Ultrastructure of diaphragm from dystrophic α-sarcoglycan
Ultrastructure of diaphragm from dystrophic α-sarcoglycan

... 2000; Duclos et al., 1998). However, the centrally located nuclei are characteristic of some congenital myopathies (De Angelis et al., 1991; Goebel, 2003). We oen observed the centrally localised nuclei grouped or distributed in longitudinal rows along the muscle fibre (Fig. 3A, B). Interestingly, s ...
Chapter 4 Calsequestrin - Department of Molecular Physiology and
Chapter 4 Calsequestrin - Department of Molecular Physiology and

The TOR signalling network from yeast to man
The TOR signalling network from yeast to man

... 3.1. Rapamycin-sensitive TORC1 regulates various aspects of cellular metabolism In general, rapamycin treatment causes a dramatic down-regulation of cellular anabolic processes, and correspondingly, an up-regulation of catabolic and growthinhibitory processes (Fig. 1). Consequently, most cells treat ...
A DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathway Coordinates the
A DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathway Coordinates the

... the crozier cell, applies for many fungi of the phylum Ascomycota (Buller 1958). Nevertheless, the clamp connection is not essential for stable and accurate dikaryon formation since it is absent in the dikaryons of some species (Salo 1989). In these species that do not form clamp cells, the distinct ...
13-ear Final2015-09-07 03:334.4 MB
13-ear Final2015-09-07 03:334.4 MB

... Define the contents of the tympanic cavity: I. Ear ossicles,: (malleus, incus and stapes) II. Muscles, (tensor tympani and stapedius). III. Nerves (branches of facial and glossopharyngeal). List the parts of the inner ear, bony part filled with perilymph (Cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canals), ...
Beta cell restoration
Beta cell restoration

A mutant Escherichia coli that attaches peptidoglycan to
A mutant Escherichia coli that attaches peptidoglycan to

... kill the bacteria are often also toxic to the patients. Understanding how these bacteria elude antibiotics could help scientists develop better, less toxic treatments. Most bacteria are surrounded by a cell wall that helps protect the bacteria and gives them structure. Many broad-spectrum antibiotic ...
Chloroplast envelope membranes: a dynamic interface between
Chloroplast envelope membranes: a dynamic interface between

... membranes are indeed one of the most complex and dynamic system within a plant cell. In this review, we present an overview of envelope constituents together with recent insights into the major functions fulfilled by envelope membranes and their dynamics within plant cells. (240 words) ...
Signatures of nitrogen limitation in the elemental composition of the
Signatures of nitrogen limitation in the elemental composition of the

... patterns in the context of cellular location and the specific metabolic role of the proteins involved in the anabolic and catabolic apparatus. We distinguished two main classes of functions: a wide group of enzymes that catalyse specific metabolic reactions; and the intracellular structures in which ...
figure 1 - Proceedings of the Royal Society B
figure 1 - Proceedings of the Royal Society B

... patterns in the context of cellular location and the specific metabolic role of the proteins involved in the anabolic and catabolic apparatus. We distinguished two main classes of functions: a wide group of enzymes that catalyse specific metabolic reactions; and the intracellular structures in which ...
GRAND PRIX
GRAND PRIX

... A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place at the same time. Answer… ...
as PDF
as PDF

... oxygenation of the latter. Given that FR such as ROS are inevitably produced constantly during metabolic processes, in general it may be considered as an oxidizable substrate to nearly all organic or inorganic molecules that are found in living cells, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and DNA ...
Heat stress-induced localization of small heat shock
Heat stress-induced localization of small heat shock

Regulation of the cytoplasmic accumulation of 5
Regulation of the cytoplasmic accumulation of 5

... confirmed by direct experimentation. Hydrolysis of this anchor could release the receptor from the membrane, thus explaining the difference between the membrane and soluble forms of this protein (14, 15). We have been interested in the cellular mechanism used by the folate receptor to mediate the ac ...
< 1 ... 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 ... 1009 >

Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report