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CELLS
CELLS

... Functions of the Smooth ER • Makes membrane lipids (steroids) • Regulates calcium (muscle cells) • Destroys toxic substances (Liver) ...
Lesson 2:Energy in Cells, Comparing Organisms, Prokaryotes
Lesson 2:Energy in Cells, Comparing Organisms, Prokaryotes

... 3. Scientists once classified fungi as plants. Which of the following best explains why fungi are now classified in their own kingdom? a. Fungus cells have cell walls, but plants cells do not. b. The cells of fungi and plants both have nuclei and cell membranes. c. Fungi are capable of independent m ...
Cell Theory, Structure and Transport Chapter 7 PAP Guided Reading
Cell Theory, Structure and Transport Chapter 7 PAP Guided Reading

...  the cytoskeleton: a network of protein filaments; helps cell maintain its shape and is involved in movement  centrioles: organelles made from tubulins; they help organize cell division in animal cells  Organelles That Build Proteins Three kinds of organelles work with the nucleus to make and dis ...
An Introduction to Diffusion and Osmosis
An Introduction to Diffusion and Osmosis

... Moths emit chemicals called pheromones to attract a mate. Which process is responsible for the distribution of these chemicals through the air? If a moth detects pheromones, how might it work out which direction they are coming from? What would be the advantage of a moth releasing the pheromones on ...
Measures of Membrane Fluidity
Measures of Membrane Fluidity

... and can pack more tightly than those that have double bonds. The kinks in the unsaturated chains simply make it more difficult to pack them in an orderly manner. As a consequence, the melting temperature of bilayers containing lipids with saturated fatty acids is higher than the melting temperature ...
Cell Growth
Cell Growth

... stored in the DNA When a cell is small the information stored in the DNA is able to meet the cell’s needs As a cell increases in size the DNA can not keep up with all of the demands which are placed on it ...
Mitosis Worksheet File
Mitosis Worksheet File

... Mitosis Background Cells in your body have only a limited life-time. They are constantly wearing out and dying and have to be replaced. The replacement cell has to be much the same as the original cell because it has to do the same job. Mitosis is the process that produces these replacement cells. M ...
The fundamental units of life
The fundamental units of life

Chapter 8. Movement across the Membrane
Chapter 8. Movement across the Membrane

... How about large molecules?  Moving large molecules into & out of cell through vesicles & vacuoles  endocytosis ...
Protists - University of Arizona | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Protists - University of Arizona | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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Polypeptide: alpha-helix and beta
Polypeptide: alpha-helix and beta

... Concept: Peptide chains tend to form orderly hydrogen-bonded arrangements. Materials:  alpha-helix and beta-sheet models made by Prof. Ewing Procedure: Models may be used to help explain secondary protein structure. Related Information: Fibrous proteins are stringy, tough, and usually insoluble in ...
Project - ArtsNow Learning
Project - ArtsNow Learning

... Units provide differentiated ideas and activities aligned to a sampling of standards. The units do not necessarily imply mastery of standards, but are intended to inspire and equip educators. Produced through the U.S. Department of Education: Arts in Education—Model Development and Dissemination Gra ...
105110_Mitosis_Intro
105110_Mitosis_Intro

... • Cell spends the majority of life in interphase – G1: Cells grow to mature size (growth phase) – S: Cell’s DNA is copied (synthesis phase) – G2: Cell prepares for division – G0: Cell exits cell cycle. Cells are not copying DNA or preparing to divide. (The vast majority of the body’s cells are in G0 ...
chapter 7 a tour of the cell
chapter 7 a tour of the cell

...  Gap junctions (or communicating junctions) provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent cells.  Special membrane proteins surround these pores.  Ions, sugars, amino acids, and other small molecules can pass.  In embryos, gap junctions facilitate chemical communication during development. A cel ...
Passive Transport
Passive Transport

... • The direction of water movement in a cell depends on the concentration of the cell’s outside environment. • If the solution is hypertonic, or has a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm does, water moves out of the cell. The cell loses water and shrinks. • If the solution is hypotonic, or ...
cell membrane
cell membrane

... manufacture proteins and chemical compounds produced by the cell. • Is a folded membranous system • Some areas of the ER’s surface are dotted with ribosomes and are called Rough ER. – Areas without ribosomes are called Smooth ER. • Rough ER: protein synthesis and release (to smooth ER); • Smooth ER: ...
An Experimental Method for Ribosome Quantification in a Cell using
An Experimental Method for Ribosome Quantification in a Cell using

... All living organisms are made up of fundamental units of life called cells. These compartmentalized structures comprise of different proteins and organelles. To survive, these cells need to produce proteins, with different functions. Within these compartments, among other important organelles, lays ...
Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Cell Cycle and Mitosis

... have been duplicated, the cell enters another shorter growth period in which mitochondria and ...
CELLS: THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE
CELLS: THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE

... Scientists believe that mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as a prokaryotic cell that was “eaten” by larger cells. They ended up surviving inside. ...
Cell Cycle and Mitosis - Willimon-PHS
Cell Cycle and Mitosis - Willimon-PHS

... have been duplicated, the cell enters another shorter growth period in which mitochondria and ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... Neuron: functional unit of nervous system – excitable  can generate & carry electrical signals ...
The Cell
The Cell

... In the early 1970’s the unit membrane model was replaced by the fluid mosaic model. This model was first proposed by biochemists S.J. Singer and Garth L. Nicolson. The model retains the basic lipid bilayer structure, however, proteins are thought to be globular and to float within the lipid bilayer. ...
TEST REVIEW: Microscope, Cell, Viruses, Bacteria and
TEST REVIEW: Microscope, Cell, Viruses, Bacteria and

... Is a virus a Living Organism? Some say no some may say yes NO, because they……………… 1. Do not take in or release energy 2. Do not grow 3. Do not move on its own 4. cannot reproduce on their own Yes because… (you fill in the blank) ...
Introduction to Biology - Phillips Scientific Methods
Introduction to Biology - Phillips Scientific Methods

... C. Endomembrane System – consists of the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, microbodies, vacuoles, and the plasma membrane. (These membranes are all related either through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments by membrane-bound sacs called vesicles. ...
Macromolecule: Carbohydrates Polarity: Polar Functions: Store
Macromolecule: Carbohydrates Polarity: Polar Functions: Store

... Carbonyl group ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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