• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Microscopy studies on uncultivated magnetotactic bacteria
Microscopy studies on uncultivated magnetotactic bacteria

tissues - Midland ISD
tissues - Midland ISD

... Although a number of subtypes are present in the body, all tissues can be classified by their structure and function into four principal types: 1. Epithelial tissue covers and protects the body surface, lines body cavities, specializes in moving substances into and out of the blood (secretion, excre ...
Autophagy is involved in starvation response and cell
Autophagy is involved in starvation response and cell

... mechanism used by eukaryotic cells to degrade long-lived proteins, and it is perhaps the only known pathway for degrading organelles (Levine & Klionsky, 2004). It is believed to be a conserved process in all eukaryotic cells. During autophagy, a double-membrane structure, known as the phagophore, fo ...
BIO203 - National Open University of Nigeria
BIO203 - National Open University of Nigeria

... To find these answers, botanists use past experiences, ideas and observations to propose hypotheses that may produce predictions. To determine whether predictions are accurate, botanists do experiments. If experimental results match the predictions the hypothesis is rejected. In this way, some hypot ...
Using monoclonal antibodies to label living root hairs: a novel tool
Using monoclonal antibodies to label living root hairs: a novel tool

Targeting Membrane-Bound Viral RNA Synthesis Reveals
Targeting Membrane-Bound Viral RNA Synthesis Reveals

... [36], [37] are thought to participate in formation of these sites for viral RNA synthesis. In particular, these proteins contain multiple trans-membrane domains that are thought to anchor the coronavirus replication complex through recruitment of intracellular membranes to form a reticulovesicular n ...
Cytomechanical properties of papaver pollen tubes are altered after
Cytomechanical properties of papaver pollen tubes are altered after

... regions are characterized by thick, longitudinally arranged bundles of actin filaments that are responsible for bulk organelle transport. In these regions, large organelles and smaller vesicles were rapidly transported toward the growing apex. In the apical area 10–20 mm from the apex, movement of t ...
responses of cultured cardiac myocytes to lysosomotropic
responses of cultured cardiac myocytes to lysosomotropic

... (Fig. 2). After a 40-min exposure to either of the L-methylated amino acids, many phase-lucent vacuoles were observed, displaying pale green fluorescence (Fig. 3). At 1 h, myocytes treated with L-amino acid methyl ester and viewed under fluorescent microscopy revealed immense vacuoles or 'black hole ...
EXAMINATION OF THE EAR
EXAMINATION OF THE EAR

... Examination with an otoscope Turn on the light Grip the otoscope like a pencil For right ear, hold in your right hand, handle pointing forwards For left ear, hold in your left hand, handle pointing forwards Pull the pinna up and back to straighten EAM ...
Hepatic Secretion of Conjugated Drugs and Endogenous Substances
Hepatic Secretion of Conjugated Drugs and Endogenous Substances

... lipophilic substances cannot exit across the plasma membrane into bile in the absence of the ATPdependent export pump MRP2. The lack of this protein prevents the secretion into bile of substances such as the glutathione S-conjugate leukotriene C415 and N-acetyl leukotriene E4,17 both high-affinity s ...
Ro52: Structure and interactions of constructs of RING and B-box
Ro52: Structure and interactions of constructs of RING and B-box

... The ubiquitination process is vital to maintain the protein homeostasis in the cell. With high specificity it regulates degradation of proteins by tagging them with a small protein called ubiquitin. Four proteins are involved to perform the process and in this thesis one of these proteins is studied ...
ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN PLANTS
ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN PLANTS

... exist. Upon spore germination, cell division is asymmetric: It gives rise to a “mother” cell capable of mating-type switching during the next cell cycle, and a “daughter” cell—which originates as a growing bud on the mother cell—that is not able to switch (Figure 2A). In this way, yeast spores gener ...
Chapter 14 - Antimicrobials
Chapter 14 - Antimicrobials

... – Works by attacking the cell membrane of bacteria (remember that animal cells have cell membranes too) – Is a narrow-spectrum, gram-positive antibiotic • Not absorbed when taken orally or applied topically • Used as an ointment or wet dressing ...
The mitochondrial compartment - Plant Mitochondrial dynamics
The mitochondrial compartment - Plant Mitochondrial dynamics

... Received 21 November 2005; Accepted 6 February 2006 ...
Arabidopsis – a powerful model system for plant cell wall research
Arabidopsis – a powerful model system for plant cell wall research

... generally exhibit limited solubility and interact with cellulose microfibrils. The hemicelluloses (i.e. xyloglucans, xylans, mannans and mixed-linkage b-glucans) have 1,4-b-linked backbones of sugars in an equatorial linkage configuration; short sidechains are appended to the backbones of some of th ...
Biomolecules Review
Biomolecules Review

... Which biomolecule has this function? ...
Calcium Signaling through Protein Kinases. The Arabidopsis
Calcium Signaling through Protein Kinases. The Arabidopsis

... three (Table I). The most conserved EF hand sequences are those of the hands in positions 1 and 2 and the least conserved is that for position 4. The positions where the EF hands are absent also vary. These differences in numbers and positions of EF hands likely yield variations in the allosteric pr ...
Receptor Activation and Homer Differentially Control the Lateral
Receptor Activation and Homer Differentially Control the Lateral

... receptor (between the Ser-22 and Ser-23 codons of mGluR5a, amino acid 1 being the initiating methionine) or just before the stop codon for the C -terminal epitope-tagged receptor, using a PCR overlap extension method. Sense and antisense oligonucleotides coding the c-myc epitope (TREQK LISEEDL AR) w ...
In Vitro and In Vivo Delivery of Drugs and siRNA Mediated by Water
In Vitro and In Vivo Delivery of Drugs and siRNA Mediated by Water

... an average diameter of 23 nm determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Figure 4a and d). When I mixed the biotinylated C8(7Y)K vesicle with avidin in PBS, the diameter of the vesicle increased 7.7 nm determined by SEM, which corresponds to the size of avidi ...
Slow axonal transport and the genesis of neuronal morphology
Slow axonal transport and the genesis of neuronal morphology

... simply “piggy-backs” on another polymer that moves by one of the two other mechanisms. There is growing precedent across cell types for the view that cytoskeletal polymers, particularly microtubules, are organized by forces generated by motor proteins. Particularly good progress has been made on the ...
Rapid Structural Changes and Acidification of Guard Cell Vacuoles
Rapid Structural Changes and Acidification of Guard Cell Vacuoles

... PIKfyve inhibitor inhibits plant PI3P5K activity (Figure 4A). Arabidopsis FAB1C and its conserved lipid kinase domain were expressed in bacteria, and PtdIns(3,5)P2 synthesis was examined in vitro. Both the full-length enzyme and lipid kinase domain successfully produced PtdIns(3,5)P2 from the substr ...
Hormonal regulation of stem cell maintenance in roots
Hormonal regulation of stem cell maintenance in roots

... which is a component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Auxin-bound TIR1/AFBs targets the transcriptional repressor of the auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) family for proteosome-mediated degradation. Without auxin, the Aux/ IAA repressor is bound to auxin response factors (ARFs). After the prot ...
Adaptative Response of Vitis Root to Anoxia
Adaptative Response of Vitis Root to Anoxia

... ethanol in the two species, that showed no accumulation of ethanol in the root tissues (Fig. 2A, B). After the onset of the anoxia, the ATP content decreased in the root cells of both species with a clear biphasic pattern, characterized by a first rapid phase, lasting 2 h, followed by a slower secon ...
A Point Mutation in the Ethylene-Inducing Xylanase Elicitor Inhibits
A Point Mutation in the Ethylene-Inducing Xylanase Elicitor Inhibits

Changes in Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transport Alter Cellular
Changes in Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transport Alter Cellular

... Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) lacking mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) have been compared with wild-type (Wt) tobacco using two different systems, either suspension cell cultures or leaves. In both systems, a lack of AOX was accompanied by an increase in some antioxidant defenses, co ...
< 1 ... 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 ... 1009 >

Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report