• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
MHC antigeny
MHC antigeny

... Binding of peptides into MHC class I groove • MHC molecules are transported during their synthesis into endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In ER lumen proper folding of both MHC class I chains, creation of antigen binding site for a peptide. Proper folding of MHC class I molecule is enabled by association ...
CH 17 RBC Morphology
CH 17 RBC Morphology

...  limited metabolic activity  ~280 million hemoglobin (Hgb) molecules/cell ...
Cellular Adaptation to Injury
Cellular Adaptation to Injury

What are plastids and where did they come from?
What are plastids and where did they come from?

... global photosynthesis as well as in the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. They are found largely in aqueous habitats, or at least in habitats which are damp and have rather confusingly been referred to extensively in the past as blue–green algae, even though they are not algae but bacteria. So how d ...
1. introduction - International Journal of Computer Applications
1. introduction - International Journal of Computer Applications

... Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvanathapuram Kerala, India ...
Journal of Cell Biology - Institute of Cancer Research Repository
Journal of Cell Biology - Institute of Cancer Research Repository

... thereby allowing for the relocalization of fragmented DNA to membrane blebs and apoptotic bodies (Coleman et al., 2001). Mitotic nuclear envelope breakdown also requires weakening of the nuclear lamina and a pulling force, but is mediated by phosphorylation-induced depolymerization of the nuclear la ...
Acute Inflammation
Acute Inflammation

... substance P, and many other classes of chemical mediators. It occurs rapidly after exposure to the mediator and is usually reversible and short-lived (15 to 30 minutes); it is thus known as the immediate transient response. Classically, this type of leakage affects venules 20 to 60 µm in diameter, l ...
A Vacuolar Processing Enzyme, dVPE, Is Involved in Seed Coat
A Vacuolar Processing Enzyme, dVPE, Is Involved in Seed Coat

... Figure 3. dVPE Is Expressed at an Early Stage in Developing Arabidopsis Seeds, whereas bVPE Is Expressed in the Late Stage in Association with the Accumulation of Seed Storage Proteins. (A) Developmental changes in the levels of the precursor and mature forms of dVPE during seed development. The wil ...
Plant architecture without multicellularity: quandaries over patterning
Plant architecture without multicellularity: quandaries over patterning

... Front. Plant Sci. 6:287. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00287 ...
The Cell Wall
The Cell Wall

... eukaryotic cells http://www.cellsalive.com/howbig.htm Eukaryotic cells are highly compartmentalized. A large surface-to-volume ratio, as seen in smaller prokaryotic cells, means that nutrients can easily and rapidly reach any part of the cells interior. However, in the larger eukaryotic cell, the li ...
SPIRAL1 Encodes a Plant-Specific Microtubule
SPIRAL1 Encodes a Plant-Specific Microtubule

... propyzaminde) or bundle (taxol) MTs, thereby inducing radial expansion of plant cells. The spr1 phenotype is also enhanced at low temperatures, which are known to destabilize MT polymers in some plant cell types. From these observations, we hypothesized that the SPR1 protein is required for the func ...
Time-Resolved Fluorescence Imaging Reveals
Time-Resolved Fluorescence Imaging Reveals

... a single transmembrane domain, and a luminal stem region, together called the cytoplasmic-transmembranestem (CTS) region, which orients the C-terminal catalytic domain into the Golgi lumen (Fig. 1B). The CTS region not only contains the information necessary for enzyme targeting to the Golgi but als ...
Neurospora are haploid organisms that can reproduce asexually or
Neurospora are haploid organisms that can reproduce asexually or

... Neurospora are haploid organisms that can reproduce asexually or sexually. The body of fungus is the Mycelium. The mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching threadlike hyphae that exists below the ground or within another substrate. There are two different mating ...
Centrosomes as Scaffolds - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Centrosomes as Scaffolds - Albert Einstein College of Medicine

... for its role in spindle formation, transport of cytoplasmic vesicles, and regulation of cell shape (Zimmerman et al., 1999). With the advent of techniques such as immunogold electron microscopy and improved immunofluorescence techniques, it is now possible to identify structural proteins of Boveri’s ...
Mitochondrial GFA2 Is Required for Synergid Cell
Mitochondrial GFA2 Is Required for Synergid Cell

... Little is known about the molecular processes that govern female gametophyte (FG) development and function, and few FG-expressed genes have been identified. We report the identification and phenotypic analysis of 31 new FG mutants in Arabidopsis. These mutants have defects throughout development, in ...
Autophagy in Plasmodium, a multifunctional pathway?
Autophagy in Plasmodium, a multifunctional pathway?

... a mosquito blood meal, elongated sporozoites are injected into the host and invade liver cells. Within a hepatocyte the sporozoite transforms into a round trophozoite and organelles used for the invasion process are expelled [14,15]. The parasite uses a form of asexual replication, schizogony, to pr ...
Regulation of a LATS-homolog by Ras GTPases is important for the
Regulation of a LATS-homolog by Ras GTPases is important for the

... cells were fixed and stained with TO-PRO-3 to visualize the nuclei, and counterstained for actin using Alexa Fluor 488-coupled phalloidin, the increased number of nuclei in the mutant was clearly revealed (Figure 2C, D), and this increase was quantified by nuclei counts of fixed, DAPIstained cell pr ...
Effect of nanoparticles on the activity of the electrone ion pumps in
Effect of nanoparticles on the activity of the electrone ion pumps in

Gastric Acid Secretion: Activation and Inhibition
Gastric Acid Secretion: Activation and Inhibition

... Growth of the ECL cell. Prolonged hypergastrinemia in the rat results in ECL cell hyperplasia and eventually, carcinoid formation. It has been suggested that this may be due to direct drug effects. Measurement of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation into ECL cells in culture has shown that gastrin can st ...
Chapter 9 - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
Chapter 9 - Fullfrontalanatomy.com

... responses that last only a short amount of time. In order to keep the response localized, paracrine ligand molecules are normally quickly degraded by enzymes or removed by neighboring cells. Removing the signals will reestablish the concentration gradient for the signal, allowing them to quickly dif ...
The Isolation and Characterization of Gallium
The Isolation and Characterization of Gallium

... 1339)] indicated that the tumor tissue lysosomes did take up Triton WR-1339. The percentage of 67Ga was also greater in the zone where the light lysosomes banded (see above). It is also evident, however, that the more dense particles contained a large amount of acid phosphatase (27%) and 67Ga activi ...
WP - edl.io
WP - edl.io

... To further understand how an impulse travels through a neuron, lets use the domino analogy again. Think of the positive ions as dominoes. When one positive ion enters the neuron, it causes the next ion to enter and then the next, and so on. When you push one domino over, it causes the next domino to ...
SRF - Journal of Cell Science
SRF - Journal of Cell Science

21 О О О Termination of Polypeptide Synthesis Requires a Stop
21 О О О Termination of Polypeptide Synthesis Requires a Stop

... means of classifying the polypeptide it is about to synthesize, so initiation and elongation begin on free cytosolic ribosomes. Proteins of the secretory pathway have a hydrophobic signal peptide, usually at or near their amino terminus. There is no unique signal peptide sequence, but its characteri ...
The Arabidopsis TONNEAU2 Gene Encodes a Putative Novel
The Arabidopsis TONNEAU2 Gene Encodes a Putative Novel

... in the mutant background. Note, for example, that (F) and (I) show images of the same cells taken 25 min apart: a spindle with a transverse metaphase plate is followed by a phragmoplast that appears to show erratic growth along a longitudinal plane. (A), (F), and (I) show stacks of five (A), seven ( ...
< 1 ... 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 ... 1009 >

Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report