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Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins (DARPins)
Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins (DARPins)

... on the efficiency of targeting was systematically investigated. DARPins are very small (molecular weight, MW 15–18kDa) yet can easily be PEGylated (see Sections 3.3 and 3.8). For a DARPin conjugated to a PEG molecule with a nominal MW of 20kDa, the hydrodynamic properties correspond to a MW of about ...
Glucagon receptor recycling: role of carboxyl terminus - AJP-Cell
Glucagon receptor recycling: role of carboxyl terminus - AJP-Cell

... receptor recycling: role of carboxyl terminus, ␤-arrestins, and cytoskeleton. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 295: C1230–C1237, 2008. First published September 11, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00240.2008.—Glucagon receptor (GR) activity and expression are altered in several diseases, including Type 2 diabete ...
identification of a chloroplast dehydrin in leaves of mature plants
identification of a chloroplast dehydrin in leaves of mature plants

... chloroplast dehydrin was substantially lower compared with other stress treatments (fig. 4B, 4G). The microscope field of view reflects leaf area and not total leaf protein, which decreases during drought. This may account for the drought treatment difference seen in immunoblot analysis and immunofl ...
the effects of egta and trypsin on the serum requirements for cell
the effects of egta and trypsin on the serum requirements for cell

1. dia
1. dia

... - some damage the cell walls or prevent new cell wall from forming - some damage the cell membrane - some prevent protein synthesis - some prevent DNA from being copied - some interfere with bacterial metabolism ...
Overcoming anoikis - Journal of Cell Science
Overcoming anoikis - Journal of Cell Science

... promoting survival because it inhibits several pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bad, caspase-9, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and forkhead transcription factors, and promotes AIG (reviewed by Chiarugi and Giannoni, 2008; Wang, 2004). In addition, several key regulators of EMT are also involved ...
Tns (H-300): sc-28542 - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Tns (H-300): sc-28542 - Santa Cruz Biotechnology

... Tensin (Tns) is an actin filament capping protein localized to various types of adherens junctions in muscle and non-muscle cells. Tensin is involved in the maintenance of cellular structure by anchoring actin filaments at the focal adhesion via F-Actin binding and capping activities. However, tensi ...
Synthetic vs natural scaffolds for human limbal stem cells
Synthetic vs natural scaffolds for human limbal stem cells

... Like other adult stem cells, limbal stem cells are of high proliferative capacity, small in size (6-7 µm), have high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio and rarely undergo cell division. They do not express markers of terminally differentiated cells like cytokeratin (CK) 3, cytokeratin 12, and involucrin. Al ...
cell cycle
cell cycle

...  In unicellular organisms, division of one cell reproduces the entire organism  Cell division enables multicellular eukaryotes to develop from a single cell and, once fully grown, to renew, repair, or replace cells as needed  Cell division is an integral part of the cell cycle, the life of a cel ...
Scaffold nucleoporins Nup188 and Nup192 share
Scaffold nucleoporins Nup188 and Nup192 share

... between the cytoplasm and nucleus is essentially controlled by nuclear pore complexes—large, multi-protein structures that are embedded in the membrane. Each nuclear pore complex contains about 30 different proteins called nucleoporins or nups, which combine to form a structure with a central pore t ...
EMBRYOLOGY
EMBRYOLOGY

... progeny retains stem cell qualities and the other continues to proliferate as it migrates up the villus. These migrating cells differentiate into four different mature cell types: Paneth cells (in small intestine: contain bacteriocidal lysozyme), enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells, and enterocytes. ...
Cannibalism and fratricide: mechanisms and raisons d`être
Cannibalism and fratricide: mechanisms and raisons d`être

... of the intracellular aspartyl-phosphate phosphatases RapA, RapB and RapE, respectively21. Inactivation of these phosphatases stimulates sporulation by allowing KinA–E to phosphorylate their target response regulator Spo0F, and the subsequent transfer of phosphoryl groups from Spo0F~P to the master r ...
Middle East Jeopardy - Central Kitsap Junior High
Middle East Jeopardy - Central Kitsap Junior High

... This organelle acts like the mayor of a town – it controls all the functions of the cell. ...
HIF-2α phosphorylation by CK1δ promotes erythropoietin secretion
HIF-2α phosphorylation by CK1δ promotes erythropoietin secretion

... cause any significant change in the in vitro phosphorylation by CK1δ (Fig. S2A). Taken together, our analysis identified residues Ser383 and Thr528 as the predominant CK1δ in vitro phosphorylation sites of human HIF-2α. The fact that these sites are also subjected to modification by the kinases pres ...
Leukaemia Section T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B cell lymphoma Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Leukaemia Section T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B cell lymphoma Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is a distinct entity of aggressive lymphoma, recognized by the WHO classification as a separate entity (2008), in which few scattered neoplastic cells (usually <5%) are surrounded by reactive T-lymphocytes and histiocytes. THRLBCL shares several ...
FLASH CARDS
FLASH CARDS

... that forms in the cell nucleus during cell division ...
Translation of an integral membrane protein in distal dendrites of
Translation of an integral membrane protein in distal dendrites of

... synaptic potentiation is provided by findings that localized protein synthesis can be activated in dendrites by protocols shown to induce lasting plasticity (Kang & Schuman, 1996; Weiler et al., 1997; Ouyang et al., 1999; Scheetz et al., 2000). Experiments using a green fluorescent protein (GFP) const ...
MS Word preprint
MS Word preprint

... There is an emerging picture of the inside of mitochondria as a highly ordered structure where individual enzymes are associated into functional units by compartmentation to outer membrane, inner membrane, cristal membrane, intermembrane or matrix space. Recent evidence supports an organization of p ...
Protein Targeting to the Nuclear Pore. What Can
Protein Targeting to the Nuclear Pore. What Can

... the cytoplasm, with each type carrying out an essential function for the cell. The spatial separation of proteins and biochemical pathways typical of the various types of organelles requires selective targeting apparatuses. Because each type of organelle contains its own targeting apparatus, protein ...
mic.sgmjournals.org
mic.sgmjournals.org

... N-acetylglucosaminidase (Steen et al., 2001), rather than an N-acetylmuramidase as predicted by sequence similarity. AcmA is required for proper separation of cells after cell division and is involved in cellular autolysis in stationary phase in synthetic culture medium (Buist et al., 1997). However ...
a comparative cytological and morphometric analysis of vacuolation
a comparative cytological and morphometric analysis of vacuolation

Progress Report on Reduced-Lignin Alfalfa: Part I, Plant Modifications
Progress Report on Reduced-Lignin Alfalfa: Part I, Plant Modifications

... The pectin portion is almost completely digested. The non-pectin cell wall fraction (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) is also known as Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF); ideally, alfalfa would contain 40% NDF on a DM basis. The lignin portion of cell walls is completely indigestible; it remains inta ...
mechanotransduction in lymphatic endothelial cells
mechanotransduction in lymphatic endothelial cells

Zygotic expression of the pebble locus is required for cytokinesis
Zygotic expression of the pebble locus is required for cytokinesis

... During this period, cellularization proceeds by the growth of membranes from the periphery of the embryo to enclose the nuclei, resulting in the formation of the cellular blastoderm. The 14th mitoses are radically different from all preceding mitoses. They are the first cellular mitoses and they occ ...
review cell division from a genetic perspective
review cell division from a genetic perspective

... mentioned above has been shown to be defective in thymidylate synthetase (5). In some cases, however, the execution point for a particular mutant occurs considerably before the mutant cell exhibits any observable defect in its progress through the cell cycle. For example, mutants of S. cerevisiae we ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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