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...   One way to improve the efficiency of solar cells is to make light bounce around inside them, increasing the chances that it will be absorbed. > Requirement: media with a different refractive index   Thin film reduces the amount of materials used in PV cells, which cuts cell ...
Anatomy and Physiology
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... pressure to lift a volume of water is called osmotic pressure. • The greater the concentration of nonpermeable solute particles in a solution, the lower the water concentration of that solution and the greater the osmotic pressure. • Water always tends to diffuse toward solutions of greater osmotic ...
This is Jeopardy
This is Jeopardy

... We determined the initial mass of each grape. One grape was soaked overnight in salt water. This grape shrunk due to water loss in the hypertonic environment. One grape was soaked overnight in plain water. This grape swelled due to the gain of water in the hypertonic environment. ...
Classification (Taxonomy)
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... group them in a logical manner. • Taxonomy - the branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics • Biologists who study taxonomy are called taxonomists. • Classification systems change with expanding knowledge. ...
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The Human Body Notebook

... water and glucose are reabsorbed into the blood. Most of the urea stays in the tube. e. After the reabsorbing process is complete, the liquid that remains in the tube is called urine. ...
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Cell Structure and Plasma Membrane Function Practice Questions

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ExamView - chapter 7 exam review.tst

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... • The Outer Membrane: This membrane contains a great number of large transport proteins, which allows for large molecules to enter with ease. This membrane includes proteins that can convert lipid substrates into forms that can be used by the matrix. • The Intermembrane Space: This space contains en ...
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... A central organizing concept in biology is that life changes and develops through evolution, and that all life-forms known have acommon origin. The theory of evolution postulates that all organisms on the Earth, both living and extinct, have descended from a common ancestor or an ancestral gene pool ...
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BIO 218 F 2012 CH 02 Martini Lecture Outline

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BIO 218 F 2012 CH 02 Martini Lecture Outline

... Cells are the structural “building blocks” of all plants and animals Cells are produced by the division of preexisting cells Cells form all the structures in the body Cells perform all vital functions of the body ...
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BOOK REVIEWS Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology

... from India and Their Implications”) which offer an excellent background for the volume as a whole. Part 2 (“Stromatolites, microbial mats, and biofilm”) comprises an excellent synthesis on “Microbial Communities of Stromatolites; Biosedimentological Processes That Produce Hot Spring Sinter Biofabric ...
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Mycolic acid export to the outer membrane of mycobacteria

... is membrane biogenesis, i.e. how a biological membrane is assembled. Membrane lipid bilayers form the basis for life, physically defining cells and organelles, and modulating the chemical environments within these compartments for optimal metabolism and growth. Despite these fundamental roles, howev ...
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Subject: Biology Teacher: Mgr. Anna Demčáková Class: III.A Topic

... Blood is a bodily ______ in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transport metabolic waste products away from those same cells. The __________ vessels are the part of the circulatory system that transports blood throughout the huma ...
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... Unique features of plant development Cell walls: cells can’t move Plasticity: plants develop in response to environment Totipotency: most plant cells can form an entire new plant given the correct signals Meristems: plants have perpetually embryonic regions, and can form new ones • No germ line! ...
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BSC 361

< 1 ... 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 ... 1638 >

Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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