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Modeling Pharmacology in Cardiac Myocytes
Modeling Pharmacology in Cardiac Myocytes

... potassium channel antagonists (Yang et al, 1995). It is commonly used to cardiovert patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. It is a class four antiarrhythmic whose side effects include arrhythmias and torsades de pointes, a type of ventricular tachycardia. The peak conductance of the po ...
Ch 42 Circulation GasExchange
Ch 42 Circulation GasExchange

Constructal Optimization of Spherical Photovoltaic Cells
Constructal Optimization of Spherical Photovoltaic Cells

... that can capture light three dimensionally, from virtually all directions, not only as direct sunlight but also as light diffused by clouds and as light reflected from buildings, increasing thus its power generation capacity. SPVCs have great potential because they are inexpensive, simple, and can b ...
Frog 3324 Dissection Assessment sheet
Frog 3324 Dissection Assessment sheet

... Lab Extension: Answer each question, typed, on separate paper. This is the culminating activity of your Anatomy unit. You may include diagrams, but must also explain your thoughts in words. 1. Explain how the digestive system (mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum) ...
Neuron Structure and Function
Neuron Structure and Function

... - gap junctions link the cytosol of two cells - provide a passageway for movement of very small molecules and ions between the cells - gap junction channels have a large conductance - NO synaptic delay (current spread from cell to cell is instantaneous) - important in some reflexes - chemical synaps ...
chapter 40 - Biology Junction
chapter 40 - Biology Junction

... internal temperature, sensing and responding to environmental stimuli, and all other animal activities require fuel in the form of chemical energy.  The concept of bioenergetics—how organisms obtain, process, and use energy resources—is a connecting theme in the comparative study of animals. Concep ...
A Novel Activity for Fungal Nitronate Monooxygenase: Detoxification
A Novel Activity for Fungal Nitronate Monooxygenase: Detoxification

... enzyme appears to play a similar role as propionate-3-nitronate oxidase from Penicillium atrovenetum (1) and may suggest a general defensive strategy among fungal species The Michaelis constants of both NMOs were significantly lower with P3N as substrate than with primary alkyl nitronates. The abili ...
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Role of early viral surface antigens in cellular immune response to

... virus in one-day-old fertile eggs [ 111. It is a conditional lethal mutant, producing n o clearly recognizable cytopathic effects in Hela, F L or primary monkey kidney cell cultures. The strain is not virulent for newborn, weaning and adult mice and no propagation in mouse tissues or mouse cell line ...
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Differential Localization of Carbohydrate Epitopes in Plant Cell
Differential Localization of Carbohydrate Epitopes in Plant Cell

... the interactions of plants with the environment and other organisms, in particular with microorganisms (Hahn et al., 1989). Substantial advances have been made in elucidation of the chemical structure of wall components, of which polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and phenolics are the most important ( ...
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Lecture 5 Cnidarians - NGHS

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1314 - 1 - Page 1 Name: ____________________________________________ 1)

... stimulates the production of enzymes that are able to digest the Hepatitis B virus breaks down key receptor molecules so that the Hepatitis B virus can enter body cells synthesizes specific hormones that provide immunity against the Hepatitis B virus triggers the formation of antibodies that protect ...
Structure and Function of Blood Vessels
Structure and Function of Blood Vessels

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Cell Unit
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Four Microscope Mini Labs

... The tip of the elodea plant is the most transparent. Select a suitable leaf from the elodea plant and place it on the slide. Using the proper technique create a wet mount slide. Examine your slide under both high and lower power. Eventually you may see the chloroplasts moving inside the cytoplasm of ...
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uncorrected page proofs

... Dialysis treats the major symptoms of kidney failure but it does not cure kidney failure; it simply treats some of the major symptoms. Because of the time required for haemodialysis, this life-saving treatment may negatively affect a patient’s family life and working life, it can limit social life a ...
Lesson 1 - Introduction to Body Systems - Hitchcock
Lesson 1 - Introduction to Body Systems - Hitchcock

... • The lymphatic system returns leaked fluids back to the blood and is a part of the immune system. • The endocrine system makes chemical messages that regulate conditions in the body. • The integumentary system is the protective covering of the body that acts as a barrier. ...
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JetFlex Genomic DNA Purification Kit Handbook (, 0.15 kB)
JetFlex Genomic DNA Purification Kit Handbook (, 0.15 kB)

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Leaf initiation: the integration of growth and cell division
Leaf initiation: the integration of growth and cell division

... driven by such processes. For example, the drosophila compound eye is composed of many repeating units, termed ommatidia. At the centre of each ommatidium lies a group of four cells arranged in a characteristic pattern. Modelling of minimal surface energy conformations shows that the endogenous patt ...
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... The blood travels from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body. b. Is the blood oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor? The blood is oxygen-rich. c. What is exchanged between the blood cells and body cells? Body cells absorb much of the oxygen and load the blood with CO2 and other waste. d. Once the ...
Differentiation in plant epidermal cells
Differentiation in plant epidermal cells

... function of protecting the tissue layers underneath (‘keeping the insides in’) and ensure that morphologically more specialized cells are spaced out correctly. The pavement cells of different organs frequently adopt rather different shapes, possibly as a result of the different functions and growth for ...
patriciazuk.com
patriciazuk.com

... activity of cdk/cyclins • in other words – internal and external signals exert control over cdk/cyclins and the cell cycle • internal signal – e.g. kinetochores not attached to spindle microtubules send a molecular signal that delays anaphase – all chromosomes must be attached to the spindle in orde ...
REVIEW SHEET – PRACTICAL EXAM II
REVIEW SHEET – PRACTICAL EXAM II

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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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