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5. Reptiles are mainly found in this type of ecosystem
5. Reptiles are mainly found in this type of ecosystem

... 3. a mobile skull, a skull that can move, shape 5. Reptiles are mainly found in this type of ecosystem 7. Jacobson's organs are used to do this 12. any of a large class of simple proteins that are important constituents of vertebrate blood plasma and tissue fluids, also present in milk, whites of eg ...
Introduction to the Human Body-Chapter 1 Outline Divisions of Study
Introduction to the Human Body-Chapter 1 Outline Divisions of Study

... 2. Body Planes a. A plane is an imaginary flat surface, used by anatomical artists to slice through a specimen b. Three basic types of Body Planes ...
Exercise-Antioxidants-and-Nutrition
Exercise-Antioxidants-and-Nutrition

... An example of extreme exercise and free radical damage in the body is the marathon runner or the tri-athlete who contracts a respiratory tract infection or cold soon after completing the event. The lungs become more susceptible to infection because of decreased glutathione levels in the blood - lead ...
14 - Circulation
14 - Circulation

... bradycardia and hence on anoxia in tissues).! Decreased O2 stimulates arterial chemoreceptors and, in the absence of lung stretch-receptor activity, causes increase in sympathetic nerve output and consequent peripheral vasoconstriction and reduction in heart rate and cardiac output. Blood flow to ma ...
Nice, T.J., W. Deng, L. Coscoy and D.H. Raulet. 2010. Stress-regulated targeting of the NKG2D ligand Mult1 by a membrane-associated RING-CH family E3 ligase. J Immunol 185:5369-5376.
Nice, T.J., W. Deng, L. Coscoy and D.H. Raulet. 2010. Stress-regulated targeting of the NKG2D ligand Mult1 by a membrane-associated RING-CH family E3 ligase. J Immunol 185:5369-5376.

... initiates stimulatory signaling cascades by virtue of its association with the signaling adaptor molecules DAP10 and/or DAP12. Stimulation of immune cells through NKG2D was shown to be involved in protective responses to infections and tumors (1, 2), but it also can lead to autoimmunity (3). Therefo ...
Intro Cell-Cell Communication
Intro Cell-Cell Communication

... Reception: A signaling molecule binds to a receptor protein, causing it to change shape • The binding between a signal molecule (ligand) and receptor is highly specific • A shape change in a receptor is often the initial transduction of the signal • Most signal receptors are plasma membrane ...
Signs and symptoms of urinary system diseases. The urinary
Signs and symptoms of urinary system diseases. The urinary

... compound that carries oxygen through the body • Apart from carrying oxygen they also release the enzyme carbonic anhydrase which allows water in the blood to carry carbon dioxide to the lungs where it is expelled, and control the pH of the blood by acting as an acid-base buffer ...
The Integumentary System
The Integumentary System

... To function in protection, the epidermis must rely on its ability to create & repair itself following an injury.  New cells must be made at the same rate that dead cells flake off.  Cells push off from the stratum basale into each upper layer until they die.  Regeneration time for a cell is about ...
MHC
MHC

... • Adopt a flexible “floppy” conformation until a peptide binds • Fold around the peptide to increase stability of the complex •The captured peptides contribute to the stabilization of the complex • Use a small number of anchor residues to tether the peptide - this allows different sequences between ...
Human Body Systems Test Review
Human Body Systems Test Review

... related to the mom and dad? If you look at each child, the ‘bands’ they have came from their parents. Each parent gave only some of its DNA to each kid so no two kids look alike. What would expect the DNA fingerprints to look like for identical twins? The DNA banding patterns for both children would ...
Chapter 48: Gas Exchange in Animals
Chapter 48: Gas Exchange in Animals

... hemoglobin will release the reserved O2 to the starved tissue. Myoglobin holds an oxygen reserve • Myoglobin in muscle cells is an oxygen-binding molecule that can take up one molecule of O2. • It has a higher affinity for O2 than hemoglobin does and provides an oxygen reserve for high metabolic dem ...
Derivation of haploid embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos
Derivation of haploid embryonic stem cells from mouse embryos

... RESEARCH LETTER ethanol, treated with RNase, and stained with propidium iodide. For karyotype analysis, cells were arrested in metaphase with demecolcine (Sigma). After incubation in hypotonic KCl buffer, cells were fixed in methanol-acetic acid (3:1) and chromosome spreads were prepared and staine ...
General facts about pregnancy
General facts about pregnancy

... Head region accounts for 50% of total length during the first month Proximodistal—development occurs “from the inside out”—midline outward Same pattern of development throughout childhood ...
Blood Vessels - Austin Community College
Blood Vessels - Austin Community College

...  Arteries carry blood away from the heart; usually carry oxygenated blood (exception: in the pulmonary circulation the pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated) B. Arterioles  These are small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries C. Capillaries ...
Respiratory System
Respiratory System

CHAPTER 9 IMMUNOGLOBULIN BIOSYNTHESIS
CHAPTER 9 IMMUNOGLOBULIN BIOSYNTHESIS

... and are considered to represent the results of class switching in these cells, the myeloma cells having gotten "stuck" during this process. 4) Membrane-bound versus secreted immunoglobulins. A virgin B-cell bears IgM (and possibly IgD) in its membrane; following stimulation it begins to secrete IgM ...
Pump It Up! - The Tech Museum of Innovation
Pump It Up! - The Tech Museum of Innovation

... 1. Demonstration: Have students demonstrate their devices one team at a time. Engineering teams should present from their table and describe how their system works. The instructor should ask questions to help guide teams toward the teaching points. • Teaching Points: o The heart generates blood pres ...
Unit Operations of Tissue Development: Epithelial
Unit Operations of Tissue Development: Epithelial

... of the developing embryo. The relative structural simplicity and careful description of cellular changes that take place during ventral furrow formation have made it an attractive system to model the biomechanical mechanisms of epithelial folding. Such computational studies, which can be generalized ...
Pancreas: Anatomy & Physiology - bushelman-hap
Pancreas: Anatomy & Physiology - bushelman-hap

... • Ruphos, another Greek anatomist, gave pancreas its name after few hundred years • Wirsung discovered the pancreatic duct in 1642. • Pancreas as a secretory gland was investigated by Graaf in 1671. ...
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY OF HARDBOARDS1 Lidija
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY OF HARDBOARDS1 Lidija

... (P), and fibers (F) present. Dark granular material scattered between cells. x 3,040. FIG.2. High density, 0.5% PF. Large voids between the fibers. x 3,110. FIG.3. High density, 0.5% PF. Fibers attached in a bundle; middle lamella (ML) not changed. PF between the vessel (V) and parenchyma cell (P) a ...
Altered Cell Cycle Distribution, Hyperplasia, and
Altered Cell Cycle Distribution, Hyperplasia, and

... showing that cells do not exit from the cell cycle with normal developmental timing when overexpressing CYCD3;1, resulting in ectopic divisions. Cell division normally ceases during cotyledon and leaf development (Donnelly et al., 1999; De Veylder et al., 2001) and is not observed in mature organs. ...
End4/Sla2 is involved in establishment of a new growth zone in
End4/Sla2 is involved in establishment of a new growth zone in

... the cortex (data not shown). However, at 25°C cells that still 62% of cells grew in a monopolar fashion with a monopolar retained polarity showed a normal microtubule cytoskeleton, actin pattern (Fig. 2A). with three to four bundles running along the main axis of the To test if the talin-like domain ...
Lung Scan
Lung Scan

... Tidal volume - amount of air moved in & out of lungs in quiet relaxed breathing Residual volume - volume of air that is always in the lungs ...
5 Lecture (Bacteria Ch27)
5 Lecture (Bacteria Ch27)

... Name for a rod-shaped bacterium. Name for a comma-shaped bacterium. Name for a spiral shaped bacterium with many bends. • Name for a spiral shaped bacterium with only a few bends. • Name for a cluster of round bacteria. ...
Selfish genes, plasmids, phage: Altruistic bacteria
Selfish genes, plasmids, phage: Altruistic bacteria

... characterize cell death. Today, the phrase “programmed cell death” has evolved to refer to any form of cell death mediated by an intracellular death program, no matter what triggers it and whether or not it displays all of the characteristic features of apoptosis (for review, see 49). In bacteria, p ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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