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Helpful and harmful microoranisms
Helpful and harmful microoranisms

... permanent shape of a shoe  It is covered with tiny hairs called cilia. A paramecium swims by moving its cilia. Fibers connect the cilia on the underside (bottom) of the paramecium.  Food enters the animal through the food groove. That leads to a tube called a gullet. This forms a ball that passes ...
PGC specification from epiblast
PGC specification from epiblast

... Donovan et al., 1986). However, only a part of the markerpositive cells from fragments of epiblasts or from dissociated epiblast cells showed the morphology of migrating PGCs and none of marker-positive cells was migratory when epiblasts were cultured on fibronectin or a feeder layer of Sl/Sl4 cells ...
The syndapin protein family: linking membrane trafficking with the
The syndapin protein family: linking membrane trafficking with the

... GTPase dynamin. Because the name ‘syndapins’ (for synaptic dynamin-associated proteins) currently seems to reflect best what is known about the functions of these proteins in vivo, we refer to them as such here – avoiding use of other names (e.g. FAP52, SH3p14 and PACSIN) to keep the nomenclature as ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... become specialized in structure and function  The physical processes that give an organism its shape constitute morphogenesis ...
Circulation - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
Circulation - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... blood vessel  blood flows into dorsal (‘back’ side) blood vessel  blood returns to heart • blood can only move in one direction. ...
dependency relations between events in mitosis in
dependency relations between events in mitosis in

... wild-type (Fig. 2). The behaviour of culture G showed whether cells had completed the step controlled by the particular cdc gene during the period of benomyl treatment. In this second experiment cells were incubated in the presence of benomyl for only 3i h, compared with the generation time at 25 °C ...
Phylum: Annelida
Phylum: Annelida

... -cylindrical elongated segmented bodies; segments divided by septa -well developed true coelom -closed circulatory system with one to several hearts and dorsal and ventral vessels -more efficient excretory system of nephridia -well developed muscular system with circular and longitudinal muscle laye ...
copyrighted material - Beck-Shop
copyrighted material - Beck-Shop

... segmented neutrophils usually occurs in five phases: blast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, and mature neutrophil. Division occurs only during the first three stages (i.e., neutrophil blast, promyelocyte, and myelocyte). After the myelocyte stage, the cells are no longer capable of mitosis a ...
Essays in Biochemistry Volume 39 Chapter 1
Essays in Biochemistry Volume 39 Chapter 1

... 1960s, scientists regained an interest in cell death and in 1972, apoptosis was defined for the first time by John Kerr. Interest in the field remained low until the late 1980s when it became clear that apoptosis played a key role in development and disease, and identification of Bcl-2 as an antiapo ...
The Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System

... sternum, clavicles, vertebrae, and hipbones. ...
Cardiac Cell Lineages that Form the Heart
Cardiac Cell Lineages that Form the Heart

... 1999, 2000; Y Saga, unpubl.). Once cardiac progenitors have progressed through the streak they delaminate and move anteriorly to take up a position on either side of the midline under the head folds, at about E7.5 in the mouse embryo. It is at this stage that the first differentiated myocardial cell ...
The Lymphatic System
The Lymphatic System

... The flow of lymph 1-way flow from tissue towards heart Lymph arises from extracellular fluid Lymph capillaries flow into (→) Lymphatic vessels →Through lymph nodes → Lymph trunks → Lymph ducts → Subclavian veins → → heart ...
Overview of Circulation Cardiovascular System Overview
Overview of Circulation Cardiovascular System Overview

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Anaphylaxis_090615_final

... γ chains mediate signal transduction. The boxes in the cytoplasmic region of the β and γ chains are ITAMs, similar to those found in the T cell receptor complex (see Fig. 6-5). A model structure of FcεRI is shown in Chapter 14, Box 14-1. ...
Targeting Robo4-dependent slit signaling to survive the cytokine storm in sepsis and influenza. Science Trans Med 2, 1-9.
Targeting Robo4-dependent slit signaling to survive the cytokine storm in sepsis and influenza. Science Trans Med 2, 1-9.

... Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells, releases multiple cytokines with broad antibacterial and antiviral properties as well as regulatory effects on subsequent adaptive immune responses. The marked and abrupt release of multiple cytokines by the immune system, often referred t ...
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2 - Biology

... repair damaged blood vessels. Blood transfusions are necessary when a patient has lost a large amount of blood due to injury or a medical condition. Although blood transfusions are common today, in the past they were risky, often causing fatal immune responses in the patient. It wasn't until the tur ...
Tumor Specific Antigens
Tumor Specific Antigens

... • Cells exfoliated into body fluids can be examined. • Fine needle aspiration (FNA) can be used also. ...
Fc Macrophages via the ERK Pathway Receptor Cross-linking Stimulates Cell Proliferation of *
Fc Macrophages via the ERK Pathway Receptor Cross-linking Stimulates Cell Proliferation of *

... antibody-mediated effects. FcR, which recognizes the immunoglobulin Fc domain, bridges two major host defense mechanisms, innate immunity and adaptive immunity, through Fcmediated phagocytosis (1). As the first step of Fc-mediated phagocytosis, antibodies opsonize microbes, which can then cross-link ...
Export To Word
Export To Word

... the opportunity to investigate the process of cancer as they research new chemotherapeutic agents to reduce cancer mortality rates and improve outcomes for cancer patients. DNA replication, mutations, the cell cycle, and cancer are often taught separately in high school biology. Composing an activit ...
Living organisms are made of cells. Animal Cell Plant Cell Structure
Living organisms are made of cells. Animal Cell Plant Cell Structure

... 3. Formation of enzymes and hormones 4. Protection against diseases, because white blood cells and antibodies are made of protein • Vitamins (C and D only): Sources: C; citrus fruits and fresh vegetables. D; Butter, eggs, cod liver oil, formed in the skin when exposed to the sun’s rays. Importance: ...
Aggresomes: A Cellular Response to Misfolded Proteins
Aggresomes: A Cellular Response to Misfolded Proteins

... z27-kD NH2-terminal and 17-kD COOH-terminal fragments (Thinakaran et al., 1996). Transfection of PS1 (Thinakaran et al., 1996) or the highly homologous PS2 (Kim, 1997) into mammalian cells leads to increased steady-state accumulation of processed and unprocessed forms, suggesting that the cellular m ...
Subcellular Localization and Activity of Multidrug
Subcellular Localization and Activity of Multidrug

... The expression of Pgp, MRP1, or BCRP reduces cellular sensitivity to doxorubicin (Ueda et al., 1987; Cole et al., 1994; Doyle et al., 1998). Cells transiently transfected with each one of these MDR-ECFP fusion proteins were exposed to doxorubicin, and then the fluorescence levels of doxorubicin and ...
A mutation in the nucleoporin-107 gene causes XX gonadal
A mutation in the nucleoporin-107 gene causes XX gonadal

... development, minimal breast development, pubertal hair at Tanner stage II, primary amenorrhea, and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism (LH level of 52 IU/l and FSH level of 87 IU/l). Imaging studies (ultrasound and MRI) indicated the presence of a relatively small uterus (length of 4 cm), and ovaries we ...
INJEX Needle-Free Drug Delivery Systems
INJEX Needle-Free Drug Delivery Systems

... Needle Stick Safety Device List Injex recommended on NAPPSI list of devices to utilize as a primary prevention device to reduce exposure to potentially fatal injuries from needles. ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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