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Immune Defense Mechanisms in Fish to Protozoan and Helminth
Immune Defense Mechanisms in Fish to Protozoan and Helminth

... notype using monoclonal antibodies (Lobb The host range of the genus Cryptobia and Clem, 1982; Lobb et al, 1984; Ellsaser appears to be somewhat restricted. This et al., 1985). Cytofluorographic examina- hemoflagellate has been found in 28 species tion of these labeled cells revealed that 40% of fis ...
16 Chapter
16 Chapter

... If you were going to go on a three day survival trip and could take food or water but not both, which should you take? ...
Organization of Yeast Communities Cell Signals, Cell
Organization of Yeast Communities Cell Signals, Cell

... organization, which is visible even without magnification, is the “structured colony,” so termed because it contains striations on its surface (1, 66). These striations sometimes form a spokelike pattern radiating from the center, a series of concentric rings, or a random distribution over the surfa ...
Skeletal System
Skeletal System

... model, it is easy to see that the appendicular bones have more pipe cleaners, or joints, than the axial bones, which shows that the appendicular bones work to help us move. Also, you can also see that the axial bones have large “empty” spaces inside of them, suggesting that these bones mainly functi ...
Laminar Shear Stress Inhibits Endothelial Cell Metabolism via KLF2
Laminar Shear Stress Inhibits Endothelial Cell Metabolism via KLF2

... Objective—Cellular metabolism was recently shown to regulate endothelial cell phenotype profoundly. Whether the atheroprotective biomechanical stimulus elicited by laminar shear stress modulates endothelial cell metabolism is not known. Approach and Results—Here, we show that laminar flow exposure r ...
A conditional mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana
A conditional mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana

... separase activity is regulated and to what extent the protein has acquired other functions. Separase is an essential gene; therefore, studies of separase lossof-function have, for the most part, been limited to tissue culture or early embryos. We know little about how separase acts in the cells of a ...
pdf: Wu et al. 2010
pdf: Wu et al. 2010

... separase activity is regulated and to what extent the protein has acquired other functions. Separase is an essential gene; therefore, studies of separase lossof-function have, for the most part, been limited to tissue culture or early embryos. We know little about how separase acts in the cells of a ...
Isolates of Vaccinia Virus Strains, Smallpox Vaccines, and Zoonotic
Isolates of Vaccinia Virus Strains, Smallpox Vaccines, and Zoonotic

... and Tian Tan, which were used in Europe and China (34); and MVA, a replication-deficient VACV strain used as a vaccine vector in many clinical trials (35–39). For each virus, mice were infected with 1 3 106 PFU by i.p. injection and splenic CD8+ T cell responses to a panel of 12 peptides were measur ...
SURVEY AND SUMMARY Self-assembled nucleolipids: from
SURVEY AND SUMMARY Self-assembled nucleolipids: from

... Remarkably, the amphiphilic molecules obtained selforganize into nanoassemblies in aqueous medium, whatever the nucleoside analogue. Squalenoylation provides an original platform for improving efficacy and delivery of nucleosidic drugs, which could be extended to other polar therapeutic compounds. IN ...
Staining
Staining

... Embedding Tissue can be proceed in beakers in thermostat (in small laboratory)  Automatic embedding machines serve for the pathologic department running ...
Education Kit - Queensland Museum
Education Kit - Queensland Museum

... Welcome to Humanoid Discovery. Your mission is to study the human beings which inhabit this planet called Earth. You will morph into a human and conduct several experiments to investigate these life forms. How do their muscles work under Earth’s gravity? What happens to their heart when they exercis ...
Motor protein control of ion flux is an early step in embryonic left
Motor protein control of ion flux is an early step in embryonic left

... on the activity of an ion exchanger (the Hþ/Kþ-ATPase, and a Kþ channel). Steady-state voltage gradients in non-neuronal cells are known to control gene expression and other aspects of cell behavior;(36,37) thus, I propose that asymmetry is driven, at very early stages, by differences in ion flux ac ...
Dynamical patterning modules in plant development and evolution
Dynamical patterning modules in plant development and evolution

... Another distinguishing feature is that plant growth and development are profoundly influenced by environmental cues and factors, such as changes in light, nutrient and water availability, temperature, ecological interactions, etc. The result is a high degree of developmental plasticity which can pro ...
Differential induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis by influenza virus
Differential induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis by influenza virus

... 14–30 % for clone 7a and 3–15 % for A}Fiji, but in each experiment the difference between clone 7a and A}Fiji was statistically significant (P % 0±01). The percentage of apoptotic cells also varied between experiments from about 27–40 % for clone 7a and between 11 % and 22 % for A}Fiji in the experi ...
Arterial Misplacement of a Femoral Central Venous Catheter
Arterial Misplacement of a Femoral Central Venous Catheter

... was mistakenly assumed to have created an intravenous route, via which various drugs, including ketamine, dopamine (continuously infused for several hours), sodium bicarbonate, and calcium chloride, were administered. Although not all of these drugs have their adverse effects well documented after i ...
Presentation
Presentation

... The vertebrate circulatory system transports nutrients, oxygen, wastes, and hormones; helps maintain fluid balance, appropriate pH, and body temperature; and defends the body against disease ...
Dominant negative connexin26 mutation R75W causing severe
Dominant negative connexin26 mutation R75W causing severe

... (non-Tg) controls at P8 (Figure 1A,B). In both R75W + and non-Tg mice, a number of cells within the GER exhibited apoptotic characteristics (e.g., chromatin condensation) at P8 (Figure 1A,B, arrows). At P12, GER cells were clearly present in non-Tg mice, but both the number of cells in the GER and t ...
Mitochondrial GFA2 Is Required for Synergid Cell
Mitochondrial GFA2 Is Required for Synergid Cell

... Little is known about the molecular and genetic processes that govern FG development and the FG’s reproductive functions. The number and identities of genes expressed in the FG, and the proportion of these that are unique to the FG, are unknown. These genes presumably regulate and mediate FG develop ...
anatomy and physiology – session 12
anatomy and physiology – session 12

... Alveolus, Plural Alveoli The alveoli are the air cells of the lungs where the oxygen, carbon dioxide exchange takes place. ...
65 Chapter 5 IMAGING NEWLY SYNTHESIZED PROTEINS IN
65 Chapter 5 IMAGING NEWLY SYNTHESIZED PROTEINS IN

... peptide tag to the protein of interest that recognizes a small molecule fluorescent probe.[3-5] These methods are powerful tools for biological studies of pre-selected proteins, but suffer from the drawback of requiring genetic manipulation as their means of introduction. This prevents their ready u ...
MS Word Version - Interactive Physiology
MS Word Version - Interactive Physiology

... 11. The voltage change of the membrane opens the voltage-regulated calcium channels, allowing calcium ions to enter the axon terminal. 12. The calcium ions cause several synaptic vesicles to fuse with the membrane of the axon terminal. 13. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by exocytosis ...
Defining the phenotypes of sickle cell disease.
Defining the phenotypes of sickle cell disease.

... Epigenetic factors that could affect phenotypic expression include the environment, aging, drugs/pharmaceuticals and diet (6). The exact mechanism of action of epigenetic factors at the molecular level is not well known. It seems that some drugs may cause methylation or demethylation of DNA or modif ...
Make
Make

... essentially no organelles Filled with hemoglobin (Hb) for gas transport Provide flexibility to change shape as necessary Are the major factor contributing to blood viscosity ...
Nancy Caroline`s Emergency Care in the Streets, Seventh Edition
Nancy Caroline`s Emergency Care in the Streets, Seventh Edition

... differences students need to consider to be most effective in assessment and care. While we think of culture largely as a learned set of behaviors, some cultures do have physical differences. Some groups of people, such as those born with physical differences (eg, dwarfism, Down syndrome, and hundre ...
Multiple mediators of plant programmed cell death: interplay of
Multiple mediators of plant programmed cell death: interplay of

... Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process aimed at eliminating redundant or harmful cells during the life cycle of multicellular organisms. For example, PCD is responsible for the removal of excess cells in the developing nervous system, or is activated in defence against infected or mutated cells, p ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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