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Defining new SNARE functions: the i-SNARE
Defining new SNARE functions: the i-SNARE

... Mammalian and yeast i-SNAREs (syntaxin 6/Tlg1, GS15/Sft1, and rBet1/Bet1) were found functionally conserved but i-SNARE characterization in plants is still poor. The recent investigation of SYP5s i-SNARE effect (De Benedictis et al., 2012) may help to discover the molecular mechanisms of this proces ...
Evolutionary aspects of non-cell-autonomous regulation in vascular
Evolutionary aspects of non-cell-autonomous regulation in vascular

... and mRNA between adjacent cells in the course of plant development. This fundamental role of PD is well established in angiosperms but has not yet been traced back to the evolutionary ancient plant taxa where functional studies lag behind studies of PD structure and ontogenetic origin.There is convi ...
Suppression of Pyk2 Kinase and Cellular Activities by FIP200
Suppression of Pyk2 Kinase and Cellular Activities by FIP200

... RAFTK, and CADTK)1 and its closely related focal adhesion kinase (FAK) comprise a subfamily of the cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases with unique structural features. These two kinases exhibit ⵑ45% amino acid identity and they both lack the Src homology 2 or 3 domains that are present in many other cytopl ...
Nucleocytoplasmic transport
Nucleocytoplasmic transport

... has led to advances in two particular areas: (1) the biochemistry of the pore-complex and of its interactions with transported macromolecules; and (2) identification of factors responsible for the accumulation of particular molecular species in one or other compartment. ...
CHAPTER - 6 LIFE PROCESSES
CHAPTER - 6 LIFE PROCESSES

... In the mouth :- the food is broken down into smaller particles by the teeth and mixed with saliva from the salivary glands. Saliva contains the enzyme salivary amylase which converts starch into sugar. Then the food passes through the oesophagus into the stomach. In the stomach :- the gastric gland ...
Final presentation
Final presentation

... If transformation was unsuccessful, the bacteria cells would not develop because: • They had not taken in the plasmid containing the Kanamycin resistance gene • They would die on the agar plates, because they were not resistant to the Kanamycin antibiotic The transformation process may not have been ...
d-glucose-sensitive neurosecretory cells of the crab cancer borealis
d-glucose-sensitive neurosecretory cells of the crab cancer borealis

... *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]). ...
Pharmacometabolomics of docetaxel-treated human MCF7
Pharmacometabolomics of docetaxel-treated human MCF7

... Breast cancer is one of the most frequent invasive cancers in women in industrialized countries [1] and is the second leading cause of cancer death [2]. Among novel drugs for the treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer, microtubule-targeting agents as taxanes appear the most effective for ...
Biological Sciences Workbook
Biological Sciences Workbook

... what the body is made of. For example, you will need to know what cells are, what they are made of and how they work. From this, the functions of the constituents of cells, for example, proteins and fats can be studied. Proteins carry out many cellular activities, but how are they made and what enab ...
Boundary formation in the hindbrain
Boundary formation in the hindbrain

... restriction was suggested by grafting experiments using chick and quail. Such experiments demonstrated that cells from neighboring rhombomeres, or from three rhombomeres apart, have adhesive differences that prevent them from mixing with each other, and that a lack of cell mixing correlates with a t ...
Tyler`s Presentation
Tyler`s Presentation

... • RNAi will result in the disruption of ciliary lipid rafts domains reflected in a shift in protein distribution in the sucrose gradient • Disruption of GPI anchored Folate binding proteins will result in decreased attraction to Folate in T-Maze Assays • Expect decreased backward swimming time due t ...
Flow-through electroporation based on constant voltage
Flow-through electroporation based on constant voltage

PROJECT REVIEW
PROJECT REVIEW

... capable of regeneration so that they can be reused many times. This collaborative project between Charles Sturt University, the Australian Racing Forensic Laboratory and the Australian Sports Drug Testing Laboratory aims to produce antibodies that have a high binding capacity and selectivity for ery ...
The regulation of Krox-20 expression reveals important steps in the
The regulation of Krox-20 expression reveals important steps in the

... these short-term co-cultures but failed to reveal a detectable level of these antigens (data not shown). Therefore the rapid induction of Krox-20 takes place within a time period that does not allow Schwann cells to fully differentiate and commence myelination of the axons. This is consistent with t ...
View Abstract - The Journal of Phytopharmacology
View Abstract - The Journal of Phytopharmacology

... Rohitukine may represent a promising agent as it possess several medicinal properties and offers advantage over existing anti-secretory drugs, in that it act as a antigastrinic agent with a cytoprotective potential, and thus would call for more detailed investigation in the different stages of drug ...
Scheme of work – Cambridge IGCSE® Biology
Scheme of work – Cambridge IGCSE® Biology

... Students should begin to understand the link between carbon dioxide in the blood and the change of the blood's pH due to carbonic acid. The increase of tidal volume with increased exercise should be understood. Unit 5.5 Drugs includes smoking and its effects on the body. Teachers could discuss smoki ...
Geranylgeranylated Proteins are Involved in the Regulation of
Geranylgeranylated Proteins are Involved in the Regulation of

... to 96% of the mononuclear cells as determined by coexpression of CD38 (anti-CD38-FITC, Immunotech, Marseilles, France) and CD138 (anti-CD138-PE, Immunotech) by flow cytometric analysis (FACSCalibur, Becton Dickinson Immunocytometry Systems, Erembodegem, Belgium). Except for patient 3, who had 96% my ...
The Application of Engineering Principles to Health and
The Application of Engineering Principles to Health and

... 1999] According to the constitution of the World Health Organization, health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. [WHO, 2010] Since the sense of feeling well and prevention of sickness are the essence of health and wellnes ...
1 - Worldlink Academy
1 - Worldlink Academy

... gynoecium ...
Computational models of plant development and form
Computational models of plant development and form

... (Prusinkiewicz et al., 2009), and a model of polar auxin transport (Wabnik et al., 2010). The use of computational methods also brings to the foreground the notion of an algorithm, that is, the decomposition of a computation into a sequence of simple, well-defined steps. In the developmental context ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... Representative histograms and quantitation of three independent experiments were shown; (D) Changes in the level of lactation- and mTOR signaling-related gene expression in response to 1.2 mmol/L leucine treatment for 24 h as determined by qRT-PCR; (E) Representative western blotting of mentioned pr ...
Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System

... – Pulmonary veins empty oxygenated blood into the left atrium – Blood flows through the mitral valve to the left ventricle – From the left ventricle blood flows through the aortic valve to the ...
External Anatomy
External Anatomy

... The lining of the stomach has folds of tissue that form ridges along the interior. A cross section looks like a star and has radial symmetry. Folds increase the surface are of the stomach for mechanical (mixing) digestion and absorption of nutrients. ...
Inhibition of Cyclin-dependent Kinase Activity Triggers Neuronal
Inhibition of Cyclin-dependent Kinase Activity Triggers Neuronal

... both the central and peripheral nervous systems are grossly abnormal. In regions where only postmitotic cells are found in wild-type (wt) 1 animals, many cells attempt to divide and subsequently die in Rb -/- mice (Lee et al., 1992, 1994), suggesting that these cells require retinoblastoma gene prod ...
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY MODULE: 3 CIRCULATION
HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY MODULE: 3 CIRCULATION

... person is below 120 mmHg over 80 mmHg, or 120/80 (systolic/diastolic). As the heart rate increases, such as during exercise, the ventricles must push a greater volume of ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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