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Cellular Internalization of Fluorescent Proteins via Arginine
Cellular Internalization of Fluorescent Proteins via Arginine

... cells exhibited marked fluorescence, but some did not (Fig. 5B). That is probably due to different physiological conditions of every single cell. Protein internalization occurs quickly, and reaches maximal activity after 5 min. However, the efficiency will not reach 100%. In conclusion, we have desc ...
Arterial-venous endothelial plasticity
Arterial-venous endothelial plasticity

... resulted in excess capillary and blood vessel formation and hemorrhaging in the embryo, contributing to embryonic lethality (Kitsukawa et al., 1995). Production of a NRP1 null mutant by homologous recombination of the NRP1 gene induced disorganization of nerve pathways (Kitsukawa et al., 1997) and a ...
Column Flotation
Column Flotation

... and scavenging. However the main purpose of the column cell is to improve the final concentrate grade to a level that would not be possible using only conventional flotation. In many cases, the use of column flotation enables a concentrate to achieve separation that is closer to perfect than any oth ...
3. The Sea Urchin
3. The Sea Urchin

... of local groups of cells remain synchronous, but these regions gradually decrease in size, and eventually the cell cycle lengthens and becomes largely randomized (Dan et at., 1980). The early blastula is an epithelial monolayer enclosing a central , spherical blastocoel (3.10) whose cells develop se ...
True Blood, True Science
True Blood, True Science

... body (through a cut, or when you inhale). Your blood is able to help fight off infection from these germs to keep you from getting sick. There are several components in blood that help carry out these functions. Component means that these are the different parts that make up your blood. There are lo ...
제일 앞장 A  B O U T C E L L T R I O N: All that you`ll ever
제일 앞장 A B O U T C E L L T R I O N: All that you`ll ever

... biologics market and related patents were dominated by foreign multinational pharmaceutical companies. This is when Celltrion created the world’s first business model based on antibody biosimilars and aimed to establish a multinational pharmaceutical company of its own within Korea. - Production fac ...
5 REASONS WHY THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM IS IMPORTANT TO
5 REASONS WHY THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM IS IMPORTANT TO

... pathogens and filtering waste for well-being. The system is composed of tiny lymphatic vessels, capillaries and lymph nodes. As blood flows throughout the body, a thin, yellow fluid called plasma leaks out from blood vessels and mixes with interstitial fluid and water to surround the cells and becom ...
Document
Document

... Under anaerobic conditions, proteorhodopsin alters pmf to power the flagellar motor and increase cell viability via light-based proton pumping. ...
The Arabidopsis sku6-spiral1 gene encodes a plus end
The Arabidopsis sku6-spiral1 gene encodes a plus end

... surface, whereas wild-type Col roots grew straight downward (Figures 1A and 1B). Close examination of spr1-6 roots revealed that the epidermal cell files twisted much more in a clockwise direction (right-handed) compared with the wild type as the root moved to the right during the wave motion (Figur ...
Vps41 Phosphorylation and the Rab Ypt7 Control the Targeting of
Vps41 Phosphorylation and the Rab Ypt7 Control the Targeting of

... TEV eluate was centrifuged for 10 min at 20,000 ⫻ g, and the supernatant was applied to a Superose 6 10/300 column, connected to an ÄKTA-FPLC-System (GE Healthcare) that had been equilibrated with two column volumes of the previous lysis buffer without protease inhibitors but containing 4 mM DTT. T ...
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 chemotaxis proteins and electron
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 chemotaxis proteins and electron

... Swimming tracks of S. oneidensis MR-1 around a stationary particle of manganese oxide (A) or an electrode poised at + 700 mV compared with Ag/AgCl (B) were analysed. Particles of MnO2 were mixed with S. oneidensis MR-1 cells and then sealed in a capillary tube with lactate as the carbon source (A). ...
Boundary Representation Deformation in Parametric Solid Modeling
Boundary Representation Deformation in Parametric Solid Modeling

... would indicate that e 1 was mapped to e92 ; in the latter case the placement of the hole was also affected by the orientation of the mapped edge e92 (which is opposite to that of e91 with respect to face f93 ). In both cases the assumption of continuity is violated, even though the correct continuou ...
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Cellular Immune
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Cellular Immune

... MSC-induced suppression has been ascribed to several soluble factors, including hepatocyte growth factor, TGF␤1, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (6, 10, 12). Notably, bone marrow MSCs have been shown not only to inhibit T cell proliferation to polyclonal stimuli but also to inhibit the response of naive ...
CHAPTER 21 LECTURE OUTLINE INTRODUCTION One main
CHAPTER 21 LECTURE OUTLINE INTRODUCTION One main

... 1. Baroreceptors are important pressure-sensitive sensory neurons that monitor stretching of the walls of blood vessels and the atria. a. The cardiac sinus reflex is concerned with maintaining normal blood pressure in the brain and is initiated by baroreceptors in the wall of the carotid sinus (Figu ...
Vaginal Microscopy
Vaginal Microscopy

... 2. Even if the diagnosis is clinically obvious (such as with a curdlike discharge associated with candidiasis), because many conditions can mimic other conditions. 3. In a patient with a urine sediment that contains white cells and many squamous epithelial cells to determine the exact source of infe ...
Compensatory Mechanisms Loss of vasomotor tone Leaky capillaries
Compensatory Mechanisms Loss of vasomotor tone Leaky capillaries

... Shock is inadequate oxygen delivery to the cell to meet the cell’s needs There are four basic types shock Depending on the cause of the shock, the body compensates using a variety of mechanisms The clinical findings in shock are each organ system’s response to inadequate oxygen delivery Distributive ...
Lysosomal Heterogeneity in Exocrine Acinar Cells
Lysosomal Heterogeneity in Exocrine Acinar Cells

... marker enzyme for lysosomes (3). In exocrine secretory cells (2,4), AcPase activity is localized in GERL, immature secretory granules, and some, but not all, lysosomes (Figure 1). The lysosomes that possess AcPase activity are generally located adjacent to the Golgi apparatus, frequently, on the cis ...
Putative Autocleavage of Outer Capsid Protein 1, Allowing Release
Putative Autocleavage of Outer Capsid Protein 1, Allowing Release

... and the particles are then internalized, most likely by receptormediated endocytosis (10, 62). Within the endocytic vesicles, lysosomal proteases cleave the outer capsid proteins (30, 62) to generate particles very similar to the infectious subvirion particles (ISVPs) that can be generated in vitro ...
A. Acidic urine
A. Acidic urine

...  Specific gravity (which is directly proportional to urine osmolality which measures solute concentration) measures urine density, or the ability of the kidney to concentrate or dilute the urine over that of plasma.  As (spg) : Is a measure of number and size of molecules, hence, large molecules s ...
Vacuolar Function in the Phosphate Homeostasis of the Yeast
Vacuolar Function in the Phosphate Homeostasis of the Yeast

... cells to undergo two to three cell cycles. approximately 25%, while the intensity of the terminal To understand physiological responses to phosphate phosphate signal increased four-fold. This indicates that starvation, it is necessary to consider the intracellular com- polyphosphate is digested with ...
Reciprocal signaling between Drosophila epidermal muscle
Reciprocal signaling between Drosophila epidermal muscle

... initial determination of mesodermal fate (Leptin, 1991). The different somatic muscles comprise an array of 30 different types of myotubes which develop, through the second half of embryonic development, in close proximity to the basal surfaces of the epidermis (Bate, 1990). The identity of each of ...
AP Biology
AP Biology

... The students are also required to read and summarize each chapter of The Beak of the Finch by Jonathan Weiner as part of their summer assignment. Additional reading of relevant topics is given. Four examples are: with the study of protein structure, students read about how the secondary structure of ...
paramecium tetra urelia
paramecium tetra urelia

... absent, the variance of macronuclear D N A content within the population would increase continuously. The presence of such a mechanism in Paramecium has been inferred by Kimball (13) from two observations. First, an approximately constant variance in macronuclear D N A content was maintained over ma ...
The neural tube origin of ventral root sheath cells in
The neural tube origin of ventral root sheath cells in

... The host hens' eggs were prepared as follows: a window was cut with a scalpel blade and the embryo floated up to the level of the shell by adding calcium- and magnesiumfree Tyrode's solution (CMF), to which had been added a solution of lOOOOi.u. ml"1 penicillin and 1 mgmT 1 Streptomycin in 0-9% sali ...
Transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
Transactivation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

... the past few years, a number of novel and host-derived chemotactic agonists of FPR have been identified, including formyl peptides potentially released by mitochondria of ruptured cells (3), Annexin I produced by activated epithelia (4), and a neutrophil granule protein, cathepsin G (5). In addition ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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