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A systems view of epigenetic networks regulating pancreas
A systems view of epigenetic networks regulating pancreas

... It is clear from these studies that the chromatin undergoes important alterations that are highly regulated as cells transition from an undifferentiated to a differentiated state. In pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells, a majority of developmental genes that contain the repressive H3K27me3 mark is ...
Polarization of Thyroid Cells in Culture
Polarization of Thyroid Cells in Culture

... (a) Culture on attached or floating collagen gel. 2 ml of the cell suspension were plated in 35-mm petri dishes coated with a layer of hydrated collagen gel prepared from acetic acid-soluble rat tail tendon collagen (500 #1 of gel/35-mm dish) (4). Within 2 to 3 d, the cells formed a confluent monola ...
Seminars in Cancer Biology Invasion emerges from cancer cell
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... that emerge at the next higher scale. Applying this perspective to cancer progression, invasion can be viewed as a property of the tissue scale that emerges from the population behavior of individual cells at the lower scale. Of course, individual cell behavior is influenced by the mE, a composite of ...
fundamentals-of-human-physiology-4th-edition-lauralee
fundamentals-of-human-physiology-4th-edition-lauralee

... Exocytosis is the mechanism by which materials from the inside of the cell are released to the exterior. During exocytosis cells secrete materials into the ECF. Endocytosis is the opposite of exocytosis. It is the internalization of extracellular material by the cell. There are three forms of endocy ...
Six Kingdoms
Six Kingdoms

... membrane. Some (6) _______protists________________ , such as the one-celled (7) __________amoeba_____________ and paramecium, feed on other organisms. Others, such as the one-celled euglena or the many-celled algae, make their food by photosynthesis. Other examples of the protist kingdom are diatoms ...
Development of the liver in the chicken embryo
Development of the liver in the chicken embryo

... plates of mammals are arranged radially with respect to central veins, organizing the tissue of the liver into lobules (Elias, 1949a,b). The avian liver, on the other hand, is a mass of branching, hollow cords, and the bile canaliculi are represented by the lumina of the cords (Romanoff, 1960). Ther ...
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... of cell until there is an equal # on both sides of the cell membrane ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... There are about 1 million islets, Provided by David Zhiyong Gao, Ph.D. comprising 1 to 2% of the total volume of the pancreas. Islets have a central core of insulin producing ß-cells surrounded by cells that produce other pancreatic hormones such as glucagon (alphacells), somatostatin (D or delta-ce ...
Gastrulation dynamics: cells move into focus - MPI
Gastrulation dynamics: cells move into focus - MPI

... diverse embryonic cell types into separate tissues, which involves the movement of cells relative to each other, might be a result of their different adhesive properties [4]. Once segregated, this differential adhesiveness would also enable the various populations of cells to remain separated from e ...
bemer - Anatara Medicine
bemer - Anatara Medicine

... BEMER therapy improves macro-circulation (dilation of blood vessels) and micro-circulation (opening capillaries which may not be wide enough to deliver nutrients and remove waste) using pulsed magnetic field technology. Capillaries often require de-clumping of sorts so that red blood cells can flow ...
Juice/Broth Cleansing Program
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... nourishment, or only a limited amount of nourishment during a juice fast, is supplied. But this is nevertheless a physiological fact. During the famous Swedish fast marches, when first 11 and then 19 men walked from Gothenburg to Stockholm, a distance of over 325 miles, in 10 days while on a total f ...
cnidarian key
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... •undigested wastes are expelled through mouth(therefore sac body plant) Symbiotic Relationships (describe how many cnidarians are dependent on photosynthetic symbionts): many have photosynthetic protists (algae/dinoflagellates) growing inside gastroderm cells Protists uses CO2 and other metabolic wa ...
Nuclear Localization of the Parafibromin Tumor Suppressor Protein
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... regulatory complex. The mechanism by which loss of parafibromin function can lead to neoplastic transformation is poorly understood. Because the subcellular localization of parafibromin is likely to be critical for its function with the nuclear PAF1 complex, we sought to experimentally define the nu ...
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... 1. Viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics. 2. Vaccines are the best way to protect against viruses a) A vaccine is a dead or weakened version of a virus that is injected into a person to stimulate the ...
The Mitotic Arrest in Response to Hypoxia and of Polar Bodies
The Mitotic Arrest in Response to Hypoxia and of Polar Bodies

... anoxia survival [25]. Anoxia arrests mitotic cells not only in C. elegans embryos [25], but also in Drosophila embryos [26, 27]. In Drosophila, precellularization embryos that are confronted with oxygen limitation during prophase arrest cell cycle progression rapidly and reversibly in metaphase. Hyp ...
A1984SX34500001
A1984SX34500001

... that is widely read. In addition, investigators over the years may have continued to cite an attractive hypothesis that survived in part because it was so difficult to test in vivo. "Now immunologists can clone and propagate functionally specific leukocytes and lymphocytes in tissue culture and stud ...
Classification of Microorganisms Classification of Microorganisms
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... • Separate double stranded DNA from two organisms into single strands by using heat • Allow them to cool together • Will anneal at complementary bases • Measure degree of similarity • Can also compare DNA from one organism with RNA from another = Southern ...
3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis - Greenall
3.4 Diffusion and Osmosis - Greenall

Coupling the cell cycle to cell growth
Coupling the cell cycle to cell growth

... does the same in E. coli (Løbner-Olesen et al., 1989). Nonetheless, it is not obvious that the two proteins are rate-limiting for S-phase entry in vivo; they may simply be mediators of the regulatory signal. Thus, it is important to discriminate between the primary regulators (the parameters that no ...
Cell cycle: The bacterial approach to coordination
Cell cycle: The bacterial approach to coordination

... lethal under laboratory conditions, but cause approximately one to two percent of the cells in a growing culture to be anucleate [6]. This frequency is 100-fold greater than that of wild-type cells and indicates that, while there are clearly other mechanisms contributing to the fidelity of chromosom ...
Biophysics
Biophysics

...  Osmosis is a special case of diffusion. It involves the diffusion of water through the semi permeable membrane to equalise the concentration of solutions on its two sides ...
concept - Oslo University Hospital
concept - Oslo University Hospital

... does the same in E. coli (Løbner-Olesen et al., 1989). Nonetheless, it is not obvious that the two proteins are rate-limiting for S-phase entry in vivo; they may simply be mediators of the regulatory signal. Thus, it is important to discriminate between the primary regulators (the parameters that no ...
The plant cytoskeleton - The Company of Biologists
The plant cytoskeleton - The Company of Biologists

... (Roelofsen & Houwink, 1953), which holds that axial fibrils should only occur in the outer wall layers as a result of originally transverse inner layers being re-aligned by cell extension. One alternative explanation is that some of the primary wall texture is generated by the advancing tip. It is t ...
Chromatin plasticity in pluripotent cells
Chromatin plasticity in pluripotent cells

... ESCs and it remains high until 1 h after cellularization [29]. H2B becomes significantly less dynamic with each nuclear division before cellularization and continues to tighten down until it reaches a stable highly immobile state, about 5 h after cellularization, parallel to an increase in chromatin ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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