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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

... showed that these cells were swollen, suggesting that the envelope was impaired by the presence of diumycin. Diumymin concentrations between I and 100 ,ug per ml gave typical lysis curves. Vancomycin also caused lysis of B. cereus. It is concluded that the iifluence of diumycin on the growth of S. a ...
Tumor Heterogeneity - Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
Tumor Heterogeneity - Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute

... pate that aneuploidy itself would result in variant formation, and indeed some aneuploid tumor lines are unstable (81), in our experience aneuploid mammary lines in vivo can be highly vari able or relatively stable (30, 57). Recent determinations of cell variant production rates have tended to direc ...
The relationship between emerging neural crest cells
The relationship between emerging neural crest cells

... stage, at most axial levels of the neural tube, the dorsal region of the neuroepithelium and the overlying ectoderm are separated by one or more layers of cells (Fig. 2B). These cells are mesenchymal, and are sometimes interspersed by blood vessels containing red blood cells. There are also type-IV ...
Genomic Tagging of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex Activator
Genomic Tagging of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex Activator

... its regular schedule in the cell cycle, causing premature degradation of cyclin A, cyclin B1, securin and Skp2 during S phase (8; 11). Reduction in the levels of these regulators causes the cells to go through an erroneous cell division cycle and become permanently growth-arrested in G1 phase. Cells ...
Characterization of chloroplasts in pavement cells of Arabidopsis
Characterization of chloroplasts in pavement cells of Arabidopsis

... size to guard cell chloroplasts but are approximately half the size of mesophyll chloroplasts (MCC). In the jigsaw shaped pavement cells in expanded cotyledons and leaves of Arabidopsis, 9 to 15 PCC are found per cell, while a single mesophyll cell may contain over 120 chloroplasts (Pyke and Leech, ...
the Cytoskeleton in Plant Development1
the Cytoskeleton in Plant Development1

... of signal-triggered morphogenesis it is relevant that cortical microtubules can change orientation in response to various stimuli (refer to section III for details). The ensuing mitosis is heralded by a displacement of the nucleus to the cell centre, i.e., to the site where the prospective cell plat ...
LvNotch specifies secondary mesenchyme - Development
LvNotch specifies secondary mesenchyme - Development

... specifically lost in cells at the vegetal pole of the early blastula embryo where the future SMCs are located. At the end of the blastula stage, LvNotch is expressed at high levels on the apical surface of presumptive endodermal cells, while the presumptive SMCs located at the center of the vegetal ...
Pathology – Lecture 18: Megaloblastic Anemia 2/28/13 Megaloblastic
Pathology – Lecture 18: Megaloblastic Anemia 2/28/13 Megaloblastic

Engagement of the inhibitory receptor CD158a
Engagement of the inhibitory receptor CD158a

... From www.bloodjournal.org by guest on June 18, 2017. For personal use only. ...
Diffusion and Osmosis Investigations
Diffusion and Osmosis Investigations

... supports your answer? 2. Explain the results you obtained. Include the concentration differences and membrane pore size in your discussion. 3. Quantitative data uses numbers to measure observed changes. How could this experiment be modified so that quantitative data could be collected to show that w ...
Efficient Endosomal Localization of Major Histocompatibility
Efficient Endosomal Localization of Major Histocompatibility

... lacks this endosomal localization signal, Ii was found to form multimers which could contain both wild type and truncated Ii. The multimers were not large aggregates but were found to be discrete complexes, probably the nine molecule class II-Ii complex that has been observed in human B cells. The c ...
The ecological digestive system and its colonisation
The ecological digestive system and its colonisation

... Pseudomembranous colitis in a human may develop after certain antibacterial drugs have been used in treating that individual for other infectious conditions (32). Salmonellosis may develop in an individual after stress of certain types, such as that resulting from strenuous travel, or when the indiv ...
Prevention of gastrointestinal tumors based on adenomatous
Prevention of gastrointestinal tumors based on adenomatous

Staining Bacteria
Staining Bacteria

... method to stain bacteria so they can be visible in specimen samples. • Differentiate bacteria into two large groups (the Gram Positive and the Gram negative) • Gram status is important in medicine; the presence or absence of a cell wall will change the bacterium's susceptibility to some antibiotics ...
ID helix-loop-helix proteins - Journal of Cell Science
ID helix-loop-helix proteins - Journal of Cell Science

... phosphorylation of the tumour suppressor protein pRB (and related ‘pocket proteins’, p107 and p130), resulting in its dissociation from members of the E2F family of transcriptional regulators. Free E2F-DP1 (E2F) transcriptional complexes then activate the expression of genes required for progression ...
Summary - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
Summary - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam

... There are different cell types that harbor latent HIV-1 provirus but the majority of the reservoir consists of long-lived resting CD4+ T lymphocytes. How this reservoir is established is not yet fully understood and there are currently two ideas. The first possibility is direct infection of resting ...
Host Immune Modulation Mycobacterial Capsular Polysaccharides
Host Immune Modulation Mycobacterial Capsular Polysaccharides

... polymer, known as ␣-glucan (12, 13). ␣-Glucan production follows the growth curve of M. tuberculosis (13), and the structure of the medium-released ␣-glucan is the same as ␣-glucan that is attached to the cell surface (12). The molecule has an apparent molecular mass of 1.3 ⫻ 107 and is expressed bo ...
Gram stain reagents - Bakersfield College
Gram stain reagents - Bakersfield College

... important in later labs. Practice the isolation technique on a new plate if you need some more experience. 2. You will produce several smears in this lab.  One smear will be made of each of the known stock cultures (S. epidermidis, E. coli, or Bacillus sp.).  One smear from your broth.  And one f ...
Bone-and-joints
Bone-and-joints

... • Exclude other lesions which may have giant cells including brown tumour of hyperparathyroidism, gingival epulis, fibrous cortical defect, aneurysmal bone cyst, chondroblastoma. Carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma may sometimes have prominent giant cells but rarely cause diagnostic difficulties • Occ ...
AN ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE STUDY OF NATURALLY
AN ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE STUDY OF NATURALLY

... XXX-XL ...
Neuroprotective Effects of 17Я-Estradiol and Nonfeminizing
Neuroprotective Effects of 17Я-Estradiol and Nonfeminizing

... monitored by measuring malondiadehyde (MDA), a stable end product of lipid peroxidation cascades using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. As one of the main compounds among TBARS, MDA reacts with TBA under acid conditions and high heat, and the product of this reaction can be ...
Biological Significance of Lipids
Biological Significance of Lipids

... Neutral fats: Most lipids in cell and in general are neutral fats. They are composed of 1 molecule of glycerol and 3 molecules of fatty acids. Neutral fats can be either saturated fats like butter, or unsaturated like oils. ...
Identification and Characterization of Genes Required for
Identification and Characterization of Genes Required for

... as ablated discs and mosaic discs with nonablating control clones as control discs. (A) Genetic crosses used to generate the ablated and control animals used for study. (B) Schematic showing the sec5ts system. (C) High levels of apoptosis were observed in ablating discs. Discs are shown at 12 hr aft ...
A new a-proteobacterial clade of Bdellovibrio
A new a-proteobacterial clade of Bdellovibrio

... Predation among prokaryotes has not been extensively explored and the only well-known obligate predatorybacteria group is the Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs). Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms are small, highly motile Gram-negative bacteria that obligatorily prey on other Gram-negative bacteri ...
Effects of calf serum on pinocytosis and proteolysis in rat yolk sacs
Effects of calf serum on pinocytosis and proteolysis in rat yolk sacs

... SUSAN FORSTER and KENNETH E. WILLIAMS Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Keele University, Keele. Stafls. STS SBG, U.K . The composition of the incubation media in which cells are maintained in vitro can strongly affect the rate of breakdown of cell proteins. For ex ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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