Huffman PowerPoint Slides
... – Children tend to stand closer (until they are socialized to maintain a greater personal distance) – Women tend to stand closer than men – Violent prisoners require a personal space that is three times larger than that of non-violent prisoners © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman: PSYCHOLOGY IN A ...
... – Children tend to stand closer (until they are socialized to maintain a greater personal distance) – Women tend to stand closer than men – Violent prisoners require a personal space that is three times larger than that of non-violent prisoners © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman: PSYCHOLOGY IN A ...
Ch 10 PP
... • Some evidence of individual differences in helping tendencies. – Tendency may be relatively stable over time. – Differences are in part genetically based. ...
... • Some evidence of individual differences in helping tendencies. – Tendency may be relatively stable over time. – Differences are in part genetically based. ...
BUSINESS ETHICS :: Utilitarianism
... heroic sacrifice but fails to increase the general happiness is morally wrong. We have already looked at the idea of psychological egoism as stated by Bentham. It was clear that he believed we all ultimately aim to satisfy our own self-interests, altruism (unselfish regard for welfare of others) is ...
... heroic sacrifice but fails to increase the general happiness is morally wrong. We have already looked at the idea of psychological egoism as stated by Bentham. It was clear that he believed we all ultimately aim to satisfy our own self-interests, altruism (unselfish regard for welfare of others) is ...
Prejudice - Central Magnet School
... • Stereotype vulnerability: the effect that people’s awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior • Self-fulfilling prophecy: the tendency of one’s expectations to affect one’s behavior in such a way as to make the expectation more likely to occur Conformity ...
... • Stereotype vulnerability: the effect that people’s awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior • Self-fulfilling prophecy: the tendency of one’s expectations to affect one’s behavior in such a way as to make the expectation more likely to occur Conformity ...
What is ethics
... • One can pursue good but motive is own gain (good actions not out of concern for others but for self) • If action doesn’t benefit an individual, then it is morally acceptable for them not to do it ...
... • One can pursue good but motive is own gain (good actions not out of concern for others but for self) • If action doesn’t benefit an individual, then it is morally acceptable for them not to do it ...
genetic similarity theory, ethnocentrism, and group selection
... From an evolutionary perspective, altruism is a means of helping genes to propagate. By being most altruistic to those with whom we share genes, we help copies of our own genes to replicate. This makes "altruism" ultimately "selfish" in purpose. Promulgated in the context of animal behavior, this id ...
... From an evolutionary perspective, altruism is a means of helping genes to propagate. By being most altruistic to those with whom we share genes, we help copies of our own genes to replicate. This makes "altruism" ultimately "selfish" in purpose. Promulgated in the context of animal behavior, this id ...
Utilitarianism - Welcome to the UC Davis Philosophy
... • There is not enough time to calculate the effects on happiness of all our actions • But the whole history of humanity has made the calculations for us • When one considers murder or theft, this is not the first time it has occurred to someone • The beliefs which have come down through history are ...
... • There is not enough time to calculate the effects on happiness of all our actions • But the whole history of humanity has made the calculations for us • When one considers murder or theft, this is not the first time it has occurred to someone • The beliefs which have come down through history are ...
Survival of the Kindest
... points out, not all people respond to suffering in this way. He notes that a person might, for instance, reflect, “How fortunate I am that I’m not that other person.” Many years ago in my own research I found that about a third of the people who witnessed a film of a person suffering showed sufferin ...
... points out, not all people respond to suffering in this way. He notes that a person might, for instance, reflect, “How fortunate I am that I’m not that other person.” Many years ago in my own research I found that about a third of the people who witnessed a film of a person suffering showed sufferin ...
Ethics “Moral Philosophy”
... “In the 1920’s it was immoral for women to wear bathing suits that were more than 6 inches above the knee” ...
... “In the 1920’s it was immoral for women to wear bathing suits that were more than 6 inches above the knee” ...
EIM8e_Mod39 - Oakton Community College
... emerged – any particular bystander is less likely to help when others are present. ...
... emerged – any particular bystander is less likely to help when others are present. ...
Living Psychology by Karen Huffman
... as personal characteristics, or • external (situational) cause, such as ...
... as personal characteristics, or • external (situational) cause, such as ...
Primates, philosophers and the biological basis
... The building blocks and evolution of human morality Darwin thought that the step from social instincts to full-fledged morality was perfectly compatible with his general theory, as this passage of The Descent of Man quoted by De Waal (p. 14) clearly summarizes: ‘‘Any animal whatever, endowed with we ...
... The building blocks and evolution of human morality Darwin thought that the step from social instincts to full-fledged morality was perfectly compatible with his general theory, as this passage of The Descent of Man quoted by De Waal (p. 14) clearly summarizes: ‘‘Any animal whatever, endowed with we ...
Powerpoint - John Provost
... There is a fallacy discussed in critical thinking called the wishful thinking fallacy. This means we take something as true because we wish it to be true, rather than because we have evidence backing up its truth. Just because we want to believe capitalism - or communism, for that matter - brings ou ...
... There is a fallacy discussed in critical thinking called the wishful thinking fallacy. This means we take something as true because we wish it to be true, rather than because we have evidence backing up its truth. Just because we want to believe capitalism - or communism, for that matter - brings ou ...
Living Psychology by Karen Huffman
... as personal characteristics, or • external (situational) cause, such as ...
... as personal characteristics, or • external (situational) cause, such as ...
CHAPTER 6
... Limits to self-love/happiness. • Particular appetites are established by nature, not through self-love/happiness • Hedonistic paradox: we pursue tennis (for example) to get pleasure; but if we are not initially interested in tennis, then we will not get pleasure out of it. • Extreme self-love/happi ...
... Limits to self-love/happiness. • Particular appetites are established by nature, not through self-love/happiness • Hedonistic paradox: we pursue tennis (for example) to get pleasure; but if we are not initially interested in tennis, then we will not get pleasure out of it. • Extreme self-love/happi ...
Document
... Morality may seem like a straightforward term; however, when one considers a global context, morality takes on myriad meanings. We make moral decisions each day. Some are on a large scale and some on a small scale, but our individual perspectives on morality influence both. This week, we’ll explore ...
... Morality may seem like a straightforward term; however, when one considers a global context, morality takes on myriad meanings. We make moral decisions each day. Some are on a large scale and some on a small scale, but our individual perspectives on morality influence both. This week, we’ll explore ...
Psychological Egoism - David Kelsey`s Philosophy Home Page
... • We know that: pleasure is the usual accompaniment of actions • We are mistakenly inferring that: when acting what the agent always and only wants is his own pleasure. • “The immediate inference from even constant accompaniment to purpose (or motive) is always a non sequitur.” (7) ...
... • We know that: pleasure is the usual accompaniment of actions • We are mistakenly inferring that: when acting what the agent always and only wants is his own pleasure. • “The immediate inference from even constant accompaniment to purpose (or motive) is always a non sequitur.” (7) ...
family ties, incentives and development
... our model is captured by the ratio of the high to the low output level. We first study atomistic individuals (with no family ties) living in autarky. The optimal autarky effort does not eliminate the risk of getting the low output. If one could pool the risks of a large number (technically a continuu ...
... our model is captured by the ratio of the high to the low output level. We first study atomistic individuals (with no family ties) living in autarky. The optimal autarky effort does not eliminate the risk of getting the low output. If one could pool the risks of a large number (technically a continuu ...
Evolutionary Perspectives on Caring and Prosocial Behavior in
... traits on to progeny. Thus, traits that increased an individual's differential reproductive rate and survival across time gradually became a dominant phenotype within a given species. Because of this process, organisms tend to act in their own best interests or risk having their lineage removed from ...
... traits on to progeny. Thus, traits that increased an individual's differential reproductive rate and survival across time gradually became a dominant phenotype within a given species. Because of this process, organisms tend to act in their own best interests or risk having their lineage removed from ...
Psychological Egoism - David Kelsey`s Philosophy Home Page
... selfish motives is a non sequitur. (section 6) • A non sequitur is just an inference that doesn’t follow. • We know that: every voluntary action is prompted by the agent’s own motives and not someone else’s. • We are mistakenly inferring that: every voluntary action is promoted by motives of a parti ...
... selfish motives is a non sequitur. (section 6) • A non sequitur is just an inference that doesn’t follow. • We know that: every voluntary action is prompted by the agent’s own motives and not someone else’s. • We are mistakenly inferring that: every voluntary action is promoted by motives of a parti ...
Social Psychology
... along not only by having children but also by ensuring that their genetic relatives have children. • Because a person’s blood relatives share some of his or her genes, the more that person ensures their survival, the greater the chance that his or her genes will flourish in future generations. • Thu ...
... along not only by having children but also by ensuring that their genetic relatives have children. • Because a person’s blood relatives share some of his or her genes, the more that person ensures their survival, the greater the chance that his or her genes will flourish in future generations. • Thu ...
Aggression - Cloudfront.net
... – Bystander effect - the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present. the-bystander-effect-kitty-genovese-murder 5:35 ...
... – Bystander effect - the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present. the-bystander-effect-kitty-genovese-murder 5:35 ...
Unit 14 - Debeswiki
... – The ethics surrounding the original Milgram Experiment When obedience is highest according to Milgram: *the person giving the orders was close at hand and was perceived to be a legitimate ...
... – The ethics surrounding the original Milgram Experiment When obedience is highest according to Milgram: *the person giving the orders was close at hand and was perceived to be a legitimate ...
Evolutionary perspectives on prosocial behavior
... even altruism, particularly in humans, a species that was vulnerable to assorted dangers if individuals lived isolated from groups or collectives. Despite the fact that Darwin's theory of evolution was a remarkable intellectual accomplishment, it was incomplete and imprecise in several ways. To begi ...
... even altruism, particularly in humans, a species that was vulnerable to assorted dangers if individuals lived isolated from groups or collectives. Despite the fact that Darwin's theory of evolution was a remarkable intellectual accomplishment, it was incomplete and imprecise in several ways. To begi ...
Altruism
Altruism or selflessness is the principle or practice of concern for the welfare of others. It is a traditional virtue in many cultures and a core aspect of various religious traditions and secular worldviews, though the concept of ""others"" toward whom concern should be directed can vary among cultures and religions. Altruism or selflessness is the opposite of selfishness. The word was coined by the French philosopher Auguste Comte in French, as altruisme, for an antonym of egoism. He derived it from the Italian altrui, which in turn was derived from Latin alteri, meaning ""other people"" or ""somebody else"".Altruism in biological organisms can be defined as an individual performing an action which is at a cost to themselves (e.g., pleasure and quality of life, time, probability of survival or reproduction), but benefits, either directly or indirectly, another third-party individual, without the expectation of reciprocity or compensation for that action. Steinberg suggests a definition for altruism in the clinical setting, that is ""intentional and voluntary actions that aim to enhance the welfare of another person in the absence of any quid pro quo external rewards"". Altruism can be distinguished from feelings of loyalty, in that whilst the latter is predicated upon social relationships, altruism does not consider relationships. Much debate exists as to whether ""true"" altruism is possible in human psychology. The theory of psychological egoism suggests that no act of sharing, helping or sacrificing can be described as truly altruistic, as the actor may receive an intrinsic reward in the form of personal gratification. The validity of this argument depends on whether intrinsic rewards qualify as ""benefits.""The term altruism may also refer to an ethical doctrine that claims that individuals are morally obliged to benefit others. Used in this sense, it is usually contrasted with egoism, which is defined as acting to the benefit of one's self.