Isolation and characterization of the Pin1/Ess1p homologue in
... activation (Liu et al., 2001). Recently, Pin1 has been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer, and to increase expression of cyclin D1 as a result of its ability to bind to c-Jun phosphorylated at the Ser63/73.Pro motifs in its transactivation domain, and thereby stimulate cyclin D1 promoter act ...
... activation (Liu et al., 2001). Recently, Pin1 has been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer, and to increase expression of cyclin D1 as a result of its ability to bind to c-Jun phosphorylated at the Ser63/73.Pro motifs in its transactivation domain, and thereby stimulate cyclin D1 promoter act ...
Plasma Gelsolin
... exert its function primarily as an extracellular molecule, produced by the action of phospholipase A2 [42]. LPA and PIP2 have in common a phosphomonoester on the hydrophilic headgroup, a moiety rarely found in phospholipids. This finding, and the complex effect (detailed below) that gelsolin has on ...
... exert its function primarily as an extracellular molecule, produced by the action of phospholipase A2 [42]. LPA and PIP2 have in common a phosphomonoester on the hydrophilic headgroup, a moiety rarely found in phospholipids. This finding, and the complex effect (detailed below) that gelsolin has on ...
Influence of the 4G/5G PAI-1 genotype on angiotensin II
... whether those effects differ according to the 4G/5G endothelial cell genotype. Recent reports have also demonstrated that the relationship between Ang II and PAI-1 would be mediated by the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor [17,18]; furthermore, AT1 receptor blockers have been shown to attenuate a ...
... whether those effects differ according to the 4G/5G endothelial cell genotype. Recent reports have also demonstrated that the relationship between Ang II and PAI-1 would be mediated by the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor [17,18]; furthermore, AT1 receptor blockers have been shown to attenuate a ...
Endogenous Drp1 Mediates Mitochondrial Autophagy and Protects
... Mitochondrial ATP production was significantly lower in CMs transduced with Ad-shDrp1 than in those with Ad-shScr (Figure 2E). The effect of Drp1 downregulation upon mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated with JC-1. Drp1 knockdown led to the appearance of green JC-1 staining, indicating depo ...
... Mitochondrial ATP production was significantly lower in CMs transduced with Ad-shDrp1 than in those with Ad-shScr (Figure 2E). The effect of Drp1 downregulation upon mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated with JC-1. Drp1 knockdown led to the appearance of green JC-1 staining, indicating depo ...
Stacks off tracks
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Mar. 14, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/115840. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Mar. 14, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/115840. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
Running Head: Superresolution of cortical
... received limited attention in plant cell biology field (Fitzgibbon et al., 2010, Kleine-Vehn et al., ...
... received limited attention in plant cell biology field (Fitzgibbon et al., 2010, Kleine-Vehn et al., ...
Stem Cells: Scientific Progress and Future Research Directions
... capacity to renew itself and to give rise to specialized cell types. Although most cells of the body, such as heart cells or skin cells, are committed to conduct a specific function, a stem cell is uncommitted and remains uncommitted, until it receives a signal to develop into a specialized cell. Th ...
... capacity to renew itself and to give rise to specialized cell types. Although most cells of the body, such as heart cells or skin cells, are committed to conduct a specific function, a stem cell is uncommitted and remains uncommitted, until it receives a signal to develop into a specialized cell. Th ...
Cellular Physiology of Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscle
... many smooth muscle cells are capableof initiating spontaneouselectricalactivity. In some cells, this spontaneous activity results from pacemakercurrents. These currents result from time- and voltage-dependentpropertiesof ion currents that produce either a spontaneousincrease in inward, or depolarizi ...
... many smooth muscle cells are capableof initiating spontaneouselectricalactivity. In some cells, this spontaneous activity results from pacemakercurrents. These currents result from time- and voltage-dependentpropertiesof ion currents that produce either a spontaneousincrease in inward, or depolarizi ...
Alternative splicing of human cyclin E - Journal of Cell Science
... that was slightly smaller than the major RNA representing the previously described cyclin E (Koff et al., 1991). This shorter cyclin E RNA, termed cyclin Es, was detected by PCR analysis of cDNA from 6 different cell lines, i.e. the small cell lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H69, HepG2 hepatoma cells, ...
... that was slightly smaller than the major RNA representing the previously described cyclin E (Koff et al., 1991). This shorter cyclin E RNA, termed cyclin Es, was detected by PCR analysis of cDNA from 6 different cell lines, i.e. the small cell lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H69, HepG2 hepatoma cells, ...
Induction and Fixation of Polarity -Early Steps in Plant Morphogenesis
... could be merely quantitative (gradedpolarity) but it could also be qualitative (all-or-none polarity). Gradients are usually found at the early stages of establishment of polarity. Thus, foot and head activators in Hydra (10, l08), the morphogens involved in prestalk-prespore polarity in Dicfyosteli ...
... could be merely quantitative (gradedpolarity) but it could also be qualitative (all-or-none polarity). Gradients are usually found at the early stages of establishment of polarity. Thus, foot and head activators in Hydra (10, l08), the morphogens involved in prestalk-prespore polarity in Dicfyosteli ...
The contractile apparatus and mechanical properties of airway smooth muscle
... are thought to be similar in their molecular composition to the focal adhesion sites of cultured cells [24]. The primary transmembrane components of these sites are transmembrane integrins, which attach to ECM proteins at one end and to cytoskeletal proteins at the other end. In nonmuscle cells, sev ...
... are thought to be similar in their molecular composition to the focal adhesion sites of cultured cells [24]. The primary transmembrane components of these sites are transmembrane integrins, which attach to ECM proteins at one end and to cytoskeletal proteins at the other end. In nonmuscle cells, sev ...
The Drosophila Sec7 domain guanine nucleotide exchange factor
... Protein trafficking through the secretory pathway plays a key role in epithelial organ development and function. The expansion of tracheal tubes in Drosophila depends on trafficking of coatomer protein complex I (COPI)-coated vesicles between the Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). How ...
... Protein trafficking through the secretory pathway plays a key role in epithelial organ development and function. The expansion of tracheal tubes in Drosophila depends on trafficking of coatomer protein complex I (COPI)-coated vesicles between the Golgi complex and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). How ...
Ca signaling and early embryonic patterning during zebrafish
... the germ layers and major body axes are established, a more localized pattern of intercellular Ca2+ signaling then resumes. This is associated with the generation of specific structures within the basic body plan, such as somite formation, brain partitioning, and tail elongation. In this review, we ...
... the germ layers and major body axes are established, a more localized pattern of intercellular Ca2+ signaling then resumes. This is associated with the generation of specific structures within the basic body plan, such as somite formation, brain partitioning, and tail elongation. In this review, we ...
Actin as target for modification by bacterial protein toxins
... tures, whose supramolecular organization is constantly modified according to cellular needs. Their dynamic behavior is regulated by a large number of binding proteins, which are often the effectors of intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways. It is therefore not surprising that the actin cy ...
... tures, whose supramolecular organization is constantly modified according to cellular needs. Their dynamic behavior is regulated by a large number of binding proteins, which are often the effectors of intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways. It is therefore not surprising that the actin cy ...
Glutamate 83 and arginine 85 of helix H3 bend are key residues for
... sequential addition of at least twelve other membrane proteins responsible for peptidoglycan assembly and membrane constriction [3]. Inactivation of the corresponding genes blocks the cell division and give rise to long multinucleated cells that fail to propagate and eventually die [4]. The Z-ring a ...
... sequential addition of at least twelve other membrane proteins responsible for peptidoglycan assembly and membrane constriction [3]. Inactivation of the corresponding genes blocks the cell division and give rise to long multinucleated cells that fail to propagate and eventually die [4]. The Z-ring a ...
Mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and cardiovascular disease
... and fission are highly expressed in the adult heart (Delettre et al. 2001; Santel et al. 2003). Ultrastructural analysis of murine left ventricle subjected to physical training reveals the presence of giant mitochondria, thought to be the result of multiple fusion events (Coleman et al. 1987). More ...
... and fission are highly expressed in the adult heart (Delettre et al. 2001; Santel et al. 2003). Ultrastructural analysis of murine left ventricle subjected to physical training reveals the presence of giant mitochondria, thought to be the result of multiple fusion events (Coleman et al. 1987). More ...
The p57 CDKi integrates stress signals into cellcycle progression to
... In contrast, the p57T143A mutant was not phosphorylated by p38 (Figure 3A). Importantly, incubation of the cells with the p38 SAPK inhibitor SB203580 precluded p57 phosphorylation indicating that in vivo p57 phosphorylation required p38 activation (Figure 3B). To rule out that p57 phosphorylation wa ...
... In contrast, the p57T143A mutant was not phosphorylated by p38 (Figure 3A). Importantly, incubation of the cells with the p38 SAPK inhibitor SB203580 precluded p57 phosphorylation indicating that in vivo p57 phosphorylation required p38 activation (Figure 3B). To rule out that p57 phosphorylation wa ...
Auxin transport – shaping the plant
... that we think about auxin and its action: the concepts of a hormones and a morphogen. The mammalian hormone concept de®nes hormones as extracellular signaling molecules, which act on target cells distant from their localized site of synthesis [15]. Although recent studies have demonstrated the poten ...
... that we think about auxin and its action: the concepts of a hormones and a morphogen. The mammalian hormone concept de®nes hormones as extracellular signaling molecules, which act on target cells distant from their localized site of synthesis [15]. Although recent studies have demonstrated the poten ...
Characterization of the Visceral Endoderm Components in Early
... The term gastrulation is derived from the Greek word “gaster” meaning belly or stomach, first coined by the German embryologist Ernst Haeckel in his 1872 work “The biology of calcareous sponges” (Stern, 2004). The process of gastrulation is widely studied in a variety of animal models, and it is bas ...
... The term gastrulation is derived from the Greek word “gaster” meaning belly or stomach, first coined by the German embryologist Ernst Haeckel in his 1872 work “The biology of calcareous sponges” (Stern, 2004). The process of gastrulation is widely studied in a variety of animal models, and it is bas ...
Clostridium difficile glutamate dehydrogenase is a
... suggest that GDH is important for the normal growth of C. difficile and the presence of enzymically active extracellular GDH may offer protection to C. difficile against H2O2 that is released as part of the host defence against CDI. ...
... suggest that GDH is important for the normal growth of C. difficile and the presence of enzymically active extracellular GDH may offer protection to C. difficile against H2O2 that is released as part of the host defence against CDI. ...
Retinoblastoma Protein Contains a C-terminal - Bio
... requirement for a (serine/threonine)-proline (S/T-P) phosphoacceptor site and a preference for a basic residue at position 13 (where the S/T position is position 0) (36, 70, 83, 85, 98). It is clear, however, that the cyclin moiety contributes to substrate specificity. For example, cyclin A-cdc2 but ...
... requirement for a (serine/threonine)-proline (S/T-P) phosphoacceptor site and a preference for a basic residue at position 13 (where the S/T position is position 0) (36, 70, 83, 85, 98). It is clear, however, that the cyclin moiety contributes to substrate specificity. For example, cyclin A-cdc2 but ...
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells. Because multicellularity evolved independently in different multicellular lineages, the composition of ECM varies between multicellular structures; however, cell adhesion, cell-to-cell communication and differentiation are common functions of the ECM.The animal extracellular matrix includes the interstitial matrix and the basement membrane. Interstitial matrix is present between various animal cells (i.e., in the intercellular spaces). Gels of polysaccharides and fibrous proteins fill the interstitial space and act as a compression buffer against the stress placed on the ECM. Basement membranes are sheet-like depositions of ECM on which various epithelial cells rest.The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules. Some single-celled organisms adopt multicelluar biofilms in which the cells are embedded in an ECM composed primarily of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).