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App Note 500 - Calculating Capacitor Charge Time - TDK
App Note 500 - Calculating Capacitor Charge Time - TDK

... power supply rated voltage (Vrated) will be the same, but it is important to use equation 1 if the load is charged to a voltage less than the power supply rating, otherwise an incorrect charge time will be calculated. ...
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... Mth bit to the output, while discarding the remainder. The factor M can be any integer value, provided that the output data rate is greater than twice the signal bandwidth. No loss of information will result from the decimation process. Resolution can be improved with oversampling, however, we must ...
Paper Title (use style: paper title)
Paper Title (use style: paper title)

... the collector current (Ic) as they were driven with a gate-toemitter voltage swing from -6 V to +20 V. The voltage drop across the IGBT was calculated by measuring at two locations with PVM-12 Northstar high voltage probes, and then finding the difference between the two measurements. The collector ...
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Uninterruptible Power Supply Unit for Universal Use QUINT

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... The drive system on a semi autogenous (“SAG”) grinding mill was recently upgraded from a single to a dual variable speed drive, rated 2 x 3 600 kW. During commissioning of the second drive, a girth gear pinion was ejected within minutes of starting the mill. Subsequent analysis established that the ...
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DPR-901ii User`s Manual

... 20mm T250mA for the 230V setting 20mm T315mA for the 115V setting It is most important for continued safety that this specification is strictly adhered to. Spare fuses of the correct rating are supplied with the unit from new. It is unlikely that the AC fuse will fail during normal use and caution s ...
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Parameters Reflector biased at 10 mA Is

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STLVDS31B
STLVDS31B

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Using Analog Components to Manage Power in Low

... device, and "Typical" parameters provided can and do vary in different applications. Application examples described herein are for illustrative purposes only. Silicon Laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice and limitation to product information, specifications, and des ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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