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RFFM3482Q
RFFM3482Q

... the PCB. This pin is directly connected to the ground pad of the IC. For the best performance, it is recommended that voltage and RF lines do not cross under this pin. Gerber files of RFMD PCBA designs can be provided on request. The supply voltage lines should present an RF short to the FEM by usin ...
MAX4626/MAX4627/MAX4628 0.5 SPST Analog Switches , Low-Voltage, Single-Supply
MAX4626/MAX4627/MAX4628 0.5 SPST Analog Switches , Low-Voltage, Single-Supply

... minimizes power consumption. ...
MICROOPTO Presentation - Weidmuller B2B Portal
MICROOPTO Presentation - Weidmuller B2B Portal

Mavilor Motors Company
Mavilor Motors Company

SFB-G-xx - COTSWORKS
SFB-G-xx - COTSWORKS

IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331,
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331,

... capacitor voltage is regulated by choosing the appropriate switching function when the output voltage is set to − Vdc / 2 or Vdc / 2. This topology can also be modified such as not only to provide reactive power compensation to improve on power quality, but also to provide real power during accelera ...
S4906137141
S4906137141

Quasi-resonant control with XMC1000
Quasi-resonant control with XMC1000

... In the case of power converters switching in DCM with a constant frequency, the switching loss varies significantly because the next switching cycle may start at any valley or peak. More switching loss is generated when the next switching cycle starts at the peak and the reverse is true; less switch ...
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a secondary-side phase-shift-controlled llc resonant converter with

Power Supply in Metal Can ELK
Power Supply in Metal Can ELK

IXAN0068 - IXYS Corporation
IXAN0068 - IXYS Corporation

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Single Channel - Dual Relay Vehicle Detector

... Separate indicators for power on, detect relay 1, detect relay 2 and fault provide for quick visual verification of proper operation. Loop diagnostics are easily viewed with the front panel fault indicator, differentiating between current and historical faults thus facilitating troubleshooting. Smal ...
Instruction Manual SSQ-2F Controller Board for the v3.22
Instruction Manual SSQ-2F Controller Board for the v3.22

FZ2310421047
FZ2310421047

... insured. Therefore, higher creepage distance requirement for insulator discs used for HVDC lines are not required. Each conductor is to be insulated for Vmax, but the line-to-line voltage has no dc component and VLLmax=√6Va. Therefore, conductor-to-conductor separation distance of each line is deter ...
AU4101266270
AU4101266270

... provide the flexibility of controlling both real and reactive power which could result in an excellent capability for improving power system dynamics . A problem of interest in the power industry at which FACTS Controllers could play a significant role in it is increasing damping of low frequency po ...
ICT LOW VOLTAGE DISCONNECT
ICT LOW VOLTAGE DISCONNECT

AP65402 - Diodes Incorporated
AP65402 - Diodes Incorporated

... The AP65402 is a 4A current mode control, synchronous buck regulator with built in power MOSFETs. Current mode control assures excellent line and load regulation and a wide loop bandwidth for fast response to load transients. The Figure 1 depicts the functional block diagram of AP65402. The operatio ...
mandatory - Energy Measure To Save
mandatory - Energy Measure To Save

... the incoming of the Servo Stabilizer circuit. This will protect the lighting, electronic systems downstream against any switching surges occurring at the incoming of premises. They are parallel protection mechanism and act in parallel to relieve the incoming volt surges to earth and allowing the nor ...
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Class B Amplifier

...  Now assume we connect the 4Ω impedance speaker as load resistor. Plot again vo(t) for vi(t)=4sin2π1000t [V],[Hz] and compare it with vo(t) obtained before for the same vi(t), but with RL=22Ω. Are the two waveforms different? Suggestion: For example, in the positive half-wave of vi(t) and vo(t), we ...
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Electronics
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Electronics

... Fourier Series Rec ons t r uc t i on of t i me- domai n f unc t i on f r om t r i g. Four i er s er i es : ...
The Iconoscope TV Camera at W6BM, Berkeley
The Iconoscope TV Camera at W6BM, Berkeley

... The camera body is fabricated of 3/4” plywood, easier for me to work with than an all-metal box which would also have easily provided the required RF shielding. Should I use more authentic (for the '30's) vacuum-tube electronics, or go solid-state? Solid-state won out, particularly for the video cir ...
Micro Single Channel Output Units MCOM
Micro Single Channel Output Units MCOM

... 2. Connections suitable for single strand fireproof cable up to 2.5mm2. 3. Loop and output cable screen must be connected to interface earth terminals. 4. The relay output is a set of change over, non-latching, volt free contacts which are non ...
0–10 V or 0–20 mA Analog Output Module
0–10 V or 0–20 mA Analog Output Module

A Decade Bandwidth, Low Voltage, Medium Power Class B Push-
A Decade Bandwidth, Low Voltage, Medium Power Class B Push-

... one chip is urgently needed. One of the major impediments to building an SDR is the RF front end, specifically the nominally narrow-band power amplifier (PA). An SDR PA that operates from 0.8-6 GHz will cover all major bands in use today [1]. Cognitive Radios (CR’s), often seen as an extension of SD ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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