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FSB50450AS Motion SPM 5 Series ®
FSB50450AS Motion SPM 5 Series ®

... 1. BVDSS is the absolute maximum voltage rating between drain and source terminal of each MOSFET inside Motion SPM® 5 product. VPN should be sufficiently less than this value considering the effect of the stray inductance so that VPN should not exceed BVDSS in any case. 2. tON and tOFF include the p ...
LOW PHASE NOISE CLOCK MULTIPLIER ICS613 Description
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... "LF" suffix to the part number are the Pb-Free configuration and are RoHS compliant. While the information presented herein has been checked for both accuracy and reliability, Integrated Device Technology (IDT) assumes no responsibility for either its use or for the infringement of any patents or ot ...
HP 4140B pA Meter / DC Voltage Source
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... HP’s 4140B pA Meter/DC Voltage Source provides a stable picoampere meter with maximum resolution of 10-15A and two programmable dc voltage sources. This, along with the programmable hold and step delay function, enables you to make synchronized measurements on a device or material. ...
FAQ - What are typical applications for the V1k output filter? FAQ
FAQ - What are typical applications for the V1k output filter? FAQ

... No. It is not the PWM carrier energy that is causing premature insulation breakdowns in motors, it is the high overshoot voltage due to resonance (or wave reflection). Carrier stripping is an old idea with drawbacks such as high losses, large size, and undue stress on the inverter. Carrier strippin ...
2 DIODE CLIPPING and CLAMPING CIRCUITS
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... reverse of forward. The clipping circuit, also referred to as clipper, clips off some of the portions of the input signal and uses the clipped signal as the output signal. The clamping circuit or clamper keeps the amplitude of the output signal same as that of the input signal except that the D.C. l ...
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Conductivity-Modulated FETs-IGBT

... IGBT is resistant to parasitic reconnection when these transistors are used in half-bridges or 3-phase bridge configurations, even with unfavorable conditions such as high-impedance input circuits and high dv/dt values. The rate of rise gfs for the IGBT was set so that in shortcircuit operation with ...
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... only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions exceeding those indicated in this specification is not implied. Device reliability may be affected by exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods of time. 3. Semiconductor devices are ESD sensitive and ...


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USB1T11A Universal Serial Bus Transceiver

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TL081 OpAmp - U.C.C. Physics Department
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... will not change the phase of the output; however, if both inputs exceed the limit, the output of the amplifier will be forced to a high state. The amplifier will operate with a common-mode input voltage equal to the positive supply; however, the gain bandwidth and slew rate may be decreased in this ...
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... is a rise in the local supply voltage due to energy being driven back to the supply by operation of the class-D amplifier. This phenomenon is most evident at low audio frequencies and when both channels are operating at the same frequency and phase. At low levels, power-supply pumping results in dis ...
Lecture 9: Diversity
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...  The probability that all M independent diversity branches Rx signal which are simultaneously less than some specific SNR threshold γ ...
FSB52006S Motion SPM 5 Series ®
FSB52006S Motion SPM 5 Series ®

... 1. BVDSS is the absolute maximum voltage rating between drain and source terminal of each MOSFET inside Motion SPM® 5 product. VPN should be sufficiently less than this value considering the effect of the stray inductance so that VPN should not exceed BVDSS in any case. 2. tON and tOFF include the p ...
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... Available in 2 types, with rated power outputs of 8 kW and 4 kW: 15 models in total. Outline The PAT-T Series is a constant voltage/constant current auto-shifting switching DC power supply. It features a soft switching system that offers greater efficiency and lower noise. At the same time, the high ...
MGE Power Management Modules
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... the 4 primary points of failure. Together these systems help prevent distribution load losses before they happen, optimizing distribution reliability and current utilization by: > Alerting operators before breakers are at risk of tripping > Providing detailed current information for phase balancing ...
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Owner`s Manual - Audio Research

Part B: Input and Output Impedance and Impedance Matching
Part B: Input and Output Impedance and Impedance Matching

... 2: A driven device has an input impedance that is different than the driver’s output impedance. In this case, part of the power is reflected back from the load to the source. For maximum power delivered from a source to a load, impedances must be “matched” (more next). Waves in a rope example. ...
International Electrical Engineering Journal (IEEJ)
International Electrical Engineering Journal (IEEJ)

... based devices such as; active power filters, STATCOM, MPF, and switched capacitor compensators are [2-4]. The active power filters (APF) can also be used for power factor correction and loss reduction [5, 6]. In this paper a low cost design based on SCCS family of devices developed by the First Auth ...
Virtual Analog Model of the Lockhart Wavefolder - SMC
Virtual Analog Model of the Lockhart Wavefolder - SMC

... for the introduced phase shift. An ad hoc scaling factor of 2 was used on both measurements to compensate for the energy loss at the fundamental frequency. The results produced by the proposed model fit those produced by SPICE closely. As the value of the load resistor RL is raised, the steepness of ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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