• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
QPI-8 - Vicor
QPI-8 - Vicor

... Typically, the lower the frequency the greater the needed inductance would be to properly filter the EMI signal. This means either a larger core or a greater number of turns on a smaller core. A larger core requires more board space, where a smaller core with more turns has a greater amount of unwan ...
A DCM Based PFC CUK Converter-Speed Adjustable BLDC
A DCM Based PFC CUK Converter-Speed Adjustable BLDC

... PWM switching of VSI which has high switching losses. Bridgeless configurations of PFC buck–boost, Cuk, SEPIC, and Zeta converters have been proposed in [22]–[25], respectively. These configurations offer reduced losses in the front-end converter but at the cost of high number of passive and active ...
5V Tolerance Techniques for CoolRunner-II Devices Summary
5V Tolerance Techniques for CoolRunner-II Devices Summary

... the oxide. However, the gate oxide contains impurities, and these impurities can cause the charge to become trapped in the oxide. If enough of these particles become trapped in the oxide, the dielectric strength of the oxide is diminished, and the insulative properties of the oxide are compromised b ...
Aalborg Universitet Loss comparison of different nine-switch and twelve-switch energy conversion systems
Aalborg Universitet Loss comparison of different nine-switch and twelve-switch energy conversion systems

Synchronous Voltage Source Inverter Using FCMLI
Synchronous Voltage Source Inverter Using FCMLI

... A STATCOM is connected at the midpoint of the transmission line. The transmission line discussed in the previous section has been again taken in this case. The PSCAD/EMTDC simulation diagram of a STATCOM connected to transmission line at the midpoint line through a coupling transformer and a smoothi ...
P85350
P85350

... 2. The Speaker Mounting Plate must be oriented correctly when it is mounted to the backbox. Turn the Speaker Mounting Plate so that the arrow above the words “Horizontal Strobe” points to the top side of the Speaker Mounting Plate. 3. First mount the Speaker Mounting Plate to the backbox. Next sli ...
VHF transistor power amplifiers
VHF transistor power amplifiers

... the operation point is done by diode, D1, posi- A PCB layout is shown in Fig 6 and the compotioned so that it has physical and thermal contact nent layout in Fig 7. The PCB may have to be with the transistor (not with the heatsink!). This varied slightly depending in the actual RF tranensures stable ...
AD711 Precision, Low Cost, High Speed, BiFET Op Amp (Rev.E)
AD711 Precision, Low Cost, High Speed, BiFET Op Amp (Rev.E)

... Therefore, with an ideal op amp, settling to ± 1/2 LSB (± 0.01%) requires that 375 mV or less appears at the summing junction. This means that the error between the input and output (that voltage which appears at the AD711 summing junction) must be less than 375 mV. As shown in Figure 2, the total s ...
Design Document v0.9 - WordPress@UP
Design Document v0.9 - WordPress@UP

... The input will be an analog line level audio signal connected via a standard 3.5mm headphone jack. This signal will enter the microcontroller where it will be processed and filtered to separate the various frequencies in the audio signal. Implementing the filters digitally allows more flexibility in ...
pdf
pdf

... the one described in this paper are useful in portable speech-recognition front ends of the future. Such systems will need programmable front-ends that take a microphone input, and output bits that represent spectral information. A common speech-processing strategy, used in implants and in speech-re ...
tps72501.pdf
tps72501.pdf

... These regulators are ideal for higher current applications. The family operates over a wide range of input voltages (1.8 V to 6 V) and has very low dropout (170 mV at 1-A). Ground current is typically 210 µA at full load and drops to less than 80 µA at no load. Standby current is less than 1 µA. Eac ...
Controls for HVAC applications
Controls for HVAC applications

... Pulser-LON is a room controller based on LON-technology. It has a triac output for controlling electric heating (10 A) and an extra output (cooling or heating), 3-position or 24 V AC thermal actuator. The controller has a built in sensor and setpoint knob. The setpoint can be shifted +/- 3°C. An ext ...
Technical Note: Using an Optimized Transfer Approach
Technical Note: Using an Optimized Transfer Approach

... described disadvantages to some degree, but we believe the most effective is the Emerson Network Power method, which is based on continuously tracking the transformer flux and making precise transfer timing decisions for each phase independently and employing a voltage pulsing technique which mainta ...
REF3033-Q1 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
REF3033-Q1 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant ...
Our Catalog
Our Catalog

... 1.) Power Module - A 1000 Watt slave power inverter. It requires drive signals from a Master Module or Control Card as described below. This module is the backbone of the inverter system. 2.) Master Module - A 1000 Watt power inverter which contains all the electronics necessary to operate. Requires ...
S1610C
S1610C

... audibility at minimum wattage. They offer system designers the high quality, high performance and low installed cost required for fire protection systems. All models flush mount to electrical backboxes and are equipped with a blocking capacitor for DC supervision of audio lines and IN/OUT wiring ter ...
Simplified Weld Control Board Manual Table of Contents
Simplified Weld Control Board Manual Table of Contents

... The above graph shows how the current control works. The voltage control is set at 50 volts. When set to the maximum (full clockwise), the voltage will stay at 50 volts (blue line) and is constant voltage. As the current control is rotated counterclockwise, the slope is increased. The red line is w ...
FSB50825AB Datasheet
FSB50825AB Datasheet

... FRFET technology as a compact inverter solution for small power motor drive applications such as fan motors and water suppliers. It is composed of 6 fast-recovery MOSFET (FRFET), and 3 half-bridge HVICs for FRFET gate driving. FSB50825AB provides low electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristic ...
IAC-14- C2.7.4 Page 1 of 8 IAC-14.C2.7.4 THE 3
IAC-14- C2.7.4 Page 1 of 8 IAC-14.C2.7.4 THE 3

MAX8686 Single/Multiphase, Step-Down, DC-DC Converter Delivers Up to 25A Per Phase General Description
MAX8686 Single/Multiphase, Step-Down, DC-DC Converter Delivers Up to 25A Per Phase General Description

... Phase Selection Input/Reference Voltage Output. For single-phase or master-mode operation, the 3.3V output with 1% accuracy can be used as a reference voltage. For multiphase operation, connect PHASE/REFO PHASE/REFO of each slave device to the center tap of a resistor-divider from the master AVL to ...
operational amplifiers
operational amplifiers

... The TL321 is a high-gain, frequency-compensated operational amplifier that is designed specifically to operate from a single supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split supplies is also possible as long as the difference between the two supplies is 3 V to 30 V and pin 7 is at least 1. ...
Value Flex -- VF900-G2
Value Flex -- VF900-G2

...  Parallel connection is highly recommended as safe electrical operation mode. Serial connection is not recommended. Unbalanced voltage drop can cause hazardous overload and damage the LED module.  The maximum length of VF900-G2 is 5M with power feed at one end.  When mounting on metallic or other ...
AN3 - Applications for a Switched-Capacitor Instrumentation Building Block
AN3 - Applications for a Switched-Capacitor Instrumentation Building Block

- cT Elektronik
- cT Elektronik

Errors and Warnings in WindMil
Errors and Warnings in WindMil

... What are Errors and Warnings? •  Errors and warnings in WindMil indicate missing or invalid information, or incorrect setup of something within the model required for the current task •  The Errors and Warnings attempt to give the end user enough information to correctly identify and fix any issues ...
< 1 ... 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report