• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
MAX378/MAX379 High-Voltage, Fault
MAX378/MAX379 High-Voltage, Fault

... that fault current will initially be 40µA or 50µA, decaying over a few seconds to the nanoamp level. The time constant of this decay is caused by the discharge of stored charge from internal nodes, and does not compromise the fault-protection scheme. Figure 10 shows the condition of the ON channel w ...
Photo-Diode Current-To-Voltage Converters
Photo-Diode Current-To-Voltage Converters

DS1123L 3.3V, 8-Bit, Programmable Timing Element General Description Features
DS1123L 3.3V, 8-Bit, Programmable Timing Element General Description Features

... programmed, but output levels may be impaired and ultimately no output pulse is produced. This is the minimum allowable interval between transitions on the input to assure accurate device operation. This parameter may be violated, but timing accuracy may be impaired and ultimately very narrow pulse ...
Humidity Sensor
Humidity Sensor

AC-150 GEN 2 INTERFACE DOCUMENT
AC-150 GEN 2 INTERFACE DOCUMENT

DG535/536
DG535/536

... requirements. For video applications, approximately 3 V of bias is required for optimal differential gain and phase performance. Capacitor C1 blocks the dc bias voltage from being coupled back to the analog signal source and C2 blocks the dc bias from the output signal. Both C1 and C2 should be tant ...
AN-874 APPLICATION NOTE
AN-874 APPLICATION NOTE

... parasitic capacitance per unit area. The design of the ADG12xx family is optimized for capacitance performance; thus, the die area has been kept to a minimum. This ensures very low parasitic capacitance because capacitance is largely dependent on the switch area. Efforts are also made during the lay ...
OWNER`S MANUAL - Incriminator Audio
OWNER`S MANUAL - Incriminator Audio

... The +12V remote turn-on wire is typically controlled by the source unit’s remote turn-on output. The amplifier will turn on when +12V is present at its remote ( REM ) input and turn off when +12V is switched off. If a source unit does not have a dedicated remote turn-on output, the amplifier’s turn- ...
Falcon F35 Series Digital Panel Meter DC Voltage
Falcon F35 Series Digital Panel Meter DC Voltage

... Display Hold: This feature allows you to hold the displayed value indefinitely. A remote switch can be used to make the connection. To activate the display hold, short terminal blocks #3 and #4 (Hold Ref and +Ref). This connection must be kept isolated from other circuitry. To hold multiple units, s ...
EE 448
EE 448

... particularly when the motor is directly coupled to a large resonant-prone fan. The capacitor run motor is very useful in this type of application because the motor can be designed to have low vibration under full-load. The capacitor serves to shift the phase on one of the windings so that the curren ...
AN2835
AN2835

... Schematic diagram of demonstration board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Lamp current at warm-up state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Load with 30 W during warm-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements
MAX2016 LF-to-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector/ Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements

... input ports allows for the simultaneous monitoring of signals ranging from low frequency to 2.5GHz. The MAX2016 uses a pair of logarithmic amplifiers to detect and compare the power levels of two RF input signals. The device internally subtracts one power level from the other to provide a DC output ...
WIPO IPC: Internet Publication
WIPO IPC: Internet Publication

... geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subcla ...
RF3854 LOW NOISE, MULTI-MODE, QUAD-BAND, QUADRATURE MODULATOR AND PA DRIVER
RF3854 LOW NOISE, MULTI-MODE, QUAD-BAND, QUADRATURE MODULATOR AND PA DRIVER

... The RF3854 is a low noise, multi-mode, quad-band direct I/Q to RF modulator and PA driver solution designed for digital modulation applications ranging from 800MHz to 2000MHz. Frequency doublers, dividers and LO buffers are included to support a variety of LO generation options. Dynamic power contro ...
RF3826 30MHz TO 2500MHz, 9W GaN WIDEBAND POWER AMPLIFIER Features
RF3826 30MHz TO 2500MHz, 9W GaN WIDEBAND POWER AMPLIFIER Features

... DC Bias The GaN HEMT device is a depletion mode high electron mobility transistor (HEMT). At zero volts VGS the drain of the device is saturated and uncontrolled drain current will destroy the transistor. The gate voltage must be taken to a potential lower than the source voltage to pinch off the de ...
Golden Rules for Low Emission
Golden Rules for Low Emission

Overview of 2.1 (Satellite/Subwoofer) Speaker Systems
Overview of 2.1 (Satellite/Subwoofer) Speaker Systems

... The MAX9737 is a filterless output Class D amplifier that provides 7W into 8Ω at 10% THD+N from a 12V power supply. Please note that if necessary, the output power of the MAX9737 can be reduced if the subwoofer in the system requires less power. The MAX9737 has a wide power-supply voltage range (8V ...
MAX685 Dual-Output (Positive and Negative), DC-DC Converter for CCD and LCD General Description
MAX685 Dual-Output (Positive and Negative), DC-DC Converter for CCD and LCD General Description

... input voltage range. Output voltages are set independently up to 24V and down to -9V. With a few additional low-cost components, the output voltages can be set at up to 45V and down to -16V. Output ripple magnitude is 30mVp-p. The MAX685 uses a fixed-frequency, pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) control sch ...
Loop Calibration and Maintenance with a Fluke Loop Calibrator
Loop Calibration and Maintenance with a Fluke Loop Calibrator

Inductance, capacitance and resistance
Inductance, capacitance and resistance

... • Can be used to prevent undue binding on the mechanical linkage connected to the motor or may disengage the motor when not needed as in the case of the bendix drive used in starter motors. • They may also incorporate speed or thermal limiting devices. ...
Measuring Micro-amp Inductor Currents in Switched
Measuring Micro-amp Inductor Currents in Switched

... capacitors. To monitor how they operate and ultimately meet these expectations, engineers monitor the current flowing through the inductor. In the case of miniaturized supplies, however, inductors switch at 100 kHz – 1 MHz to produce microamp currents that are difficult to sense. Although series res ...
Aalborg Universitet Reference-Frame Virtual Impedance Loop—Part I: Control Principle
Aalborg Universitet Reference-Frame Virtual Impedance Loop—Part I: Control Principle

Position Control I
Position Control I

... Zoom in to obtain a better comparison between the simulated response and the actual response. If you are sufficiently happy with your results and the actual response is close to the simulated response, you can move on and begin the report for this project. Remember there is no such a thing as a perf ...
An auto-scaling wide dynamic range current to frequency converter
An auto-scaling wide dynamic range current to frequency converter

ics844021-01i.pdf
ics844021-01i.pdf

< 1 ... 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 ... 1202 >

Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report