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Tracker 250 Manual - Data Track Process Instruments
Tracker 250 Manual - Data Track Process Instruments

... Each of the four alarm setpoints may be edited from the front panel without having to enter the configuration menu's. This facility may be disabled as part of the alarm set-up (Configuring Alarms, Front Panel Edit). When front panel alarm edit has been selected by pressing the DOWN key you can selec ...
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Athena III User Manual  Rev A.03:  May 2014
Athena III User Manual Rev A.03: May 2014

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Conventional DC Machines and Universal Motor - Lab-Volt

... geographically to use at the purchaser's site/location as follows. The purchaser shall be entitled to use the work to train his/her staff at the purchaser's site/location and shall also be entitled to use parts of the copyright material as the basis for the production of his/her own training documen ...
IMS2 User Manual
IMS2 User Manual

... The IMS2 is a microcontroller based soft starter incorporating the latest technologies. It has been designed to provide a complete range of the most advanced soft start, soft stop and motor protection features. ...
MAX6730–MAX6735 Single-/Dual-/Triple-Voltage µP Supervisory Circuits with Independent Watchdog Output General Description
MAX6730–MAX6735 Single-/Dual-/Triple-Voltage µP Supervisory Circuits with Independent Watchdog Output General Description

... input for monitoring voltages down to +0.63V. The combination of these features significantly improves system reliability and accuracy when compared to separate ICs or discrete components. The active-low reset output asserts and remains asserted for the reset timeout period after all the monitored v ...
LAMPIRAN A FOTO WIRELESS SERVICE BELL
LAMPIRAN A FOTO WIRELESS SERVICE BELL

... paired with Holtek¢s 2 series of encoders (refer to the encoder/decoder cross reference tabl e ). F o r p r o p e r o p e r at i o n, a p ai r o f encoder/decoder with the same number of addresses and data format should be chosen. ...
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Application of Microwave GaAs FET`s

... 2. Small Signal FET Applications The first practical and commercially available GaAs FET was introduced around 1973. Since then, many small signal amplifying devices with 1µm gate lengths and smaller have been marketed. The greatest advantages for these devices are found in the higher frequency band ...
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Passport 2 Service Manual

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OPERATOR’S MANUAL BHK-MG FULL RACK SERIES POWER SUPPLY MODELS

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Compact Limit Switch That`s Also Thin and Highly Sealed

... Note: Silicon rubber is used to increase resistance to the environment. Silicon rubber, however, can generate silicon gas. (This can occur at room temperature, but the amount of silicon gas generated increases at higher temperatures.) Silicon gas will react as a result of arc energy and form silicon ...
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pdf manual - Acoustic Dimension

... they are referenced to a so-called “reference voltage” (around 2.5V DC offset on the DAC output pins). Of final concern is if the DAC used has single ended or balanced outputs. If the DAC has only Single Ended outputs it is not possible to get a balanced output signal. Conversely, DAC’s that have a ...
Controlled Switching of HVAC Circuit Breakers: Application
Controlled Switching of HVAC Circuit Breakers: Application

... calculation of circuit breaker compensation time. . The same holds true for small variations of ambient temperature and operating pressure, in the case of hydraulic- or pneumaticoperated breakers. Large variations of dc control voltage or operating pressure and ambient temperature require a twovaria ...


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A Better Antenna Balun
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... showing that the current balun is effective when R2 < 0.1 |ZW|, irrespective of the value of R1. (Although the current balun is able to drive highimpedance loads that are situated near the X-axis, this not terribly useful since the limiting case as R2 / R1 → 0 is an unbalanced load being driven by a ...
ACOM 2000A User Manual(ACOM 2000A Manual)
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DEE 403 Electrical Machines II
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... high injection of carrier from the collector side. At the same time, it was necessary to quickly remove the carrier, which was high-injected into the n base layer, at turnoff and so the lifetime control technology was used. The low ON-state voltage and the low turn-off switching loss (Eoff) were mat ...
Handwriting enabled harvested piezoelectric power using ZnO nanowires/polymer composite on paper substrate
Handwriting enabled harvested piezoelectric power using ZnO nanowires/polymer composite on paper substrate

... and slow handwriting modes as different mechanical energy are applied for these two different modes. The handwriting speed and the corresponding pressure vary from person to person and depend on the type of pen used. The slow mode corresponds to low applied pressure, while the fast handwriting mode ...
Hardware and Installation Manual
Hardware and Installation Manual

2.5 V to 5.5 V, 500 μA, 2-Wire Interface AD5305/AD5315/AD5325
2.5 V to 5.5 V, 500 μA, 2-Wire Interface AD5305/AD5315/AD5325

... buffered voltage output DACs in a 10-lead MSOP that operate from a single 2.5 V to 5.5 V supply, consuming 500 μA at 3 V. Their on-chip output amplifiers allow rail-to-rail output swing with a slew rate of 0.7 V/μs. A 2-wire serial interface that operates at clock rates up to 400 kHz is used. This i ...
Chapter 6: Interfacing to Data Converters
Chapter 6: Interfacing to Data Converters

IBIS_Syntax - IBIS Open Forum
IBIS_Syntax - IBIS Open Forum

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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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