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KN-Q7A - Chinese Radio Kits
KN-Q7A - Chinese Radio Kits

... noise comes out of the speaker. Turn the TUNE control to check if VXO frequency changes thus the noise tone changes. The VXO frequency change can be detected by a general coverage SSB/CW receiver nearby. Check soldering and the presence of 8 V on pin 8 of the NE602A if it is not normal. If all is ok ...
Power over Ethernet (POE) – распиновка
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... Power over Ethernet is a technology that allows IP telephones, wireless LAN Access Points, Security network cameras and other IP-based terminals to receive power, in parallel to data, over the existing CAT-5 Ethernet infrastructure without the need to make any modifications in it. Described by IEEE ...
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... Do not install the Inverter in a zero-clearance compartment. Overheating may occur. 1-1-2. To avoid the risk of fire and electronic shock, make sure that existing wiring is in good electrical condition and not undersize. Do not operate the Inverter with damaged or substandard Wiring. 1-1-3. There ar ...
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... About Persistent Memory and Time of Day Retention: This system uses memory that doesn’t require a battery to store a variety of settings. What we refer to as Persistent Memory stores the filter settings, the set temperature, and the heat mode. Persistent Memory is not used for Time of Day. Only mode ...
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... transceiver front-end. In this application the SA630 replaces the duplexer which is typically very bulky and lossy. Due to the low power consumption of the device, it is ideally suited for handheld applications such as in CT2 cordless telephones. The SA630 can also be used to generate Amplitude Shif ...
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... Record the specifications of different diodes using data book/ web site Identify different packaging styles of diodes and heat sinks types Test the given diode using multi meter Construct and test Diode as a half wave, full wave and Bridge rectifier. Construct a rectifier with capacitor filter circu ...
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... There are two clock signals – Clk_In and RAW_WATCHDOG_CLK. The Clk_In is the local oscillator on the Safety Board and the RAW_WATCHDOG_CLK is the watchdog clock from the parallel port of the TCS3 PC. These two clocks are used to form two watchdog timers that essentially check each other. If either c ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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