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SAM Series Power Inverter
SAM Series Power Inverter

... Most electrical tools, appliances and audio/video equipment have labels that indicate the power consumption in amps or watts. Be sure that the power consumption of the item you wish to operate is less than inverter’s power. (If the power consumption is rated in amps AC, simply multiply by the AC vol ...
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... The MAX13410E–MAX13415E are half-duplex RS-485-/RS422-compatible transceivers optimized for isolated applications. These devices feature an internal low-dropout regulator (LDO), one driver, and one receiver. The internal LDO allows the part to operate from an unregulated power supply of up to 28V. T ...
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... Generic Hot-Plug Applications In many applications it may be necessary to remove modules or pc boards while the main unit is still operating. These are considered hot-plug applications. Such implementations require the control of current surges seen by the main power supply and the card being insert ...
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... regulators is about 0.5V. For this reason, this type of regulator is called Low Drop Out PNP transistor (LDO). This enables it to operate during a drop in battery voltage (e.g. cranking). PNP regulators are protected against reverse polarity faults. NMOS linear regulators D S NMOS pass transistors p ...
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Pulse-width modulation



Pulse-width modulation (PWM), or pulse-duration modulation (PDM), is a modulation technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. Although this modulation technique can be used to encode information for transmission, its main use is to allow the control of the power supplied to electrical devices, especially to inertial loads such as motors. In addition, PWM is one of the two principal algorithms used in photovoltaic solar battery chargers, the other being MPPT.The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. The longer the switch is on compared to the off periods, the higher the total power supplied to the load.The PWM switching frequency has to be much higher than what would affect the load (the device that uses the power), which is to say that the resultant waveform perceived by the load must be as smooth as possible. Typically switching has to be done several times a minute in an electric stove, 120 Hz in a lamp dimmer, from few kilohertz (kHz) to tens of kHz for a motor drive and well into the tens or hundreds of kHz in audio amplifiers and computer power supplies.The term duty cycle describes the proportion of 'on' time to the regular interval or 'period' of time; a low duty cycle corresponds to low power, because the power is off for most of the time. Duty cycle is expressed in percent, 100% being fully on.The main advantage of PWM is that power loss in the switching devices is very low. When a switch is off there is practically no current, and when it is on and power is being transferred to the load, there is almost no voltage drop across the switch. Power loss, being the product of voltage and current, is thus in both cases close to zero. PWM also works well with digital controls, which, because of their on/off nature, can easily set the needed duty cycle.PWM has also been used in certain communication systems where its duty cycle has been used to convey information over a communications channel.
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