Tetracyclines
... Tigecycline, formulated for intravenous administration only, is given as a 100-mg loading dose; then 50 mg every 12 hours. As with all tetracyclines, tissue and intracellular penetration is excellent; consequently, the volume of distribution is quite large and peak serum concentrations are somewhat ...
... Tigecycline, formulated for intravenous administration only, is given as a 100-mg loading dose; then 50 mg every 12 hours. As with all tetracyclines, tissue and intracellular penetration is excellent; consequently, the volume of distribution is quite large and peak serum concentrations are somewhat ...
CHAPTER 7 DETERMINATION OF THE ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE FRACTIONS AND ISOLATED COMPOUNDS
... when all other mechanisms have failed (Alamelu, 2004). In order for M. tuberculosis to bind on monocytes macrophages, the complement receptors (CRl, CR2, CR3 and CR4), mannose receptors (MR) and other cell surface receptor molecules play an important role in the binding of the organisms to the phago ...
... when all other mechanisms have failed (Alamelu, 2004). In order for M. tuberculosis to bind on monocytes macrophages, the complement receptors (CRl, CR2, CR3 and CR4), mannose receptors (MR) and other cell surface receptor molecules play an important role in the binding of the organisms to the phago ...
... Appropriate use of antibiotics is critical since: Antimicrobial resistance is increasing, leading not only to increased costs of patient care but also to increased morbidity and mortality In the hospital setting: Over 50% of patients in hospital receive antibiotics during their stay – at least 50% u ...
Structural studies on molecular mechanisms of Nelfinavir resistance
... immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) protease is an attractive target for antiviral treatment and a number of therapeutically useful inhibitors have been designed against it. The emergence of drug resistant mutants of HIV-1 poses a serious problem for conventional therapies that have been used so far. Unt ...
... immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) protease is an attractive target for antiviral treatment and a number of therapeutically useful inhibitors have been designed against it. The emergence of drug resistant mutants of HIV-1 poses a serious problem for conventional therapies that have been used so far. Unt ...
IDENTIFICATION OF DUAL AGONISTIC NOVEL LIGANDS FOR INSULIN RECEPTOR AND... THROUGH MOLECULAR DOCKING
... tendency to be found in their low energy form, then the final configuration should also be of low energy. Understanding these properties is crucial in rationale design of potent drugs. Hence, docking allows the scientist to virtually screen the compounds and predicts the strongest binders based on v ...
... tendency to be found in their low energy form, then the final configuration should also be of low energy. Understanding these properties is crucial in rationale design of potent drugs. Hence, docking allows the scientist to virtually screen the compounds and predicts the strongest binders based on v ...
Characteristics and common properties of inhibitors, inducers, and
... metabolism studies both when using microsomal preparations or purified reconstituted enzyme systems in vitro as well as in metabolism studies performed in vivo. Approaches have been developed for characterizing inhibitory interactions in vivo through analysis of various pharmacokinetic parameters (1 ...
... metabolism studies both when using microsomal preparations or purified reconstituted enzyme systems in vitro as well as in metabolism studies performed in vivo. Approaches have been developed for characterizing inhibitory interactions in vivo through analysis of various pharmacokinetic parameters (1 ...
What You Want to Know About Generic Drugs
... • are Safe. Effective. FDA-approved. • are an affordable alternative • can be used with confidence ...
... • are Safe. Effective. FDA-approved. • are an affordable alternative • can be used with confidence ...
The Expanding Role of Microsomal Enzyme Induction, and Its
... even inhibitors-of cytochrome P448-related enzymes. However, many of these interactions vary with the agent and show marked differences among animal species. The mechanism of this induction is not known in detail. It seems to depend upon de novo protein synthesis, because it can be blocked by agents ...
... even inhibitors-of cytochrome P448-related enzymes. However, many of these interactions vary with the agent and show marked differences among animal species. The mechanism of this induction is not known in detail. It seems to depend upon de novo protein synthesis, because it can be blocked by agents ...
The Value of Phenotypic Screening to Drug Discovery
... • when it works (when the target/MMOA are validated) it provides a ra;onal approach, analogous to engineering. • aligns with the poten;al for gene9cs to inform the cause of disease and provide biomarke ...
... • when it works (when the target/MMOA are validated) it provides a ra;onal approach, analogous to engineering. • aligns with the poten;al for gene9cs to inform the cause of disease and provide biomarke ...
13. chapter - vi
... adverse effect of a drug on living matter. When a drug is a complex chemical mixture, this activity is exerted by the substances active ingradient or pharmacophore but can be modified by the other constituents. Activity is generally dosage-dependant and it is not uncommon to have effects ranging fro ...
... adverse effect of a drug on living matter. When a drug is a complex chemical mixture, this activity is exerted by the substances active ingradient or pharmacophore but can be modified by the other constituents. Activity is generally dosage-dependant and it is not uncommon to have effects ranging fro ...
P. aeruginosa
... Penicillin G® is a drug of choice for infections caused by streptococci, meningococci, enterococci, penicillinsusceptible pneumococci, non-β-lactamase-producing staphylococci, T. pallidum and many other spirochetes, clostridium species, actinomyces, and other Grampositive rods and non-β-lactamase- ...
... Penicillin G® is a drug of choice for infections caused by streptococci, meningococci, enterococci, penicillinsusceptible pneumococci, non-β-lactamase-producing staphylococci, T. pallidum and many other spirochetes, clostridium species, actinomyces, and other Grampositive rods and non-β-lactamase- ...
Antiretroviral-associated Hepatotoxicity
... transaminases, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) appear most commonly associated with inducing liver enzyme elevations. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have been associated with a rare, but potentially life-threatening synd ...
... transaminases, the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) appear most commonly associated with inducing liver enzyme elevations. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) have been associated with a rare, but potentially life-threatening synd ...
BUTYL RUBBER
... The oldest rubber available having outstanding resistance to tear, abrasion and cut growth. Chemical Resistance: Water Oxidation, Alcohol and Ketones, Moderate Resistance to Acids, Alkalis. O-Rings are manufactured from over 15 different Polymers which include Nitrile (NBR), Fluorocarbon (Viton®), S ...
... The oldest rubber available having outstanding resistance to tear, abrasion and cut growth. Chemical Resistance: Water Oxidation, Alcohol and Ketones, Moderate Resistance to Acids, Alkalis. O-Rings are manufactured from over 15 different Polymers which include Nitrile (NBR), Fluorocarbon (Viton®), S ...
1. dia - MAGYOSZ
... „Although toxicology is not the most prominent factor for this high attrition rate and late failures, toxicity still is the cause of ca 20% of the dropouts during late development stages” „Adverse drug reactions are believed to be one of the leading causes of death (in the United States and are esti ...
... „Although toxicology is not the most prominent factor for this high attrition rate and late failures, toxicity still is the cause of ca 20% of the dropouts during late development stages” „Adverse drug reactions are believed to be one of the leading causes of death (in the United States and are esti ...
Antibiotics
... CF pts - 1.3% incidence of arthralgia (self-limited). Short term use – no acute arthritis or serious adverse effects (>1700 pts in general database review). Bayer studies - 1% incidence of arthralgia (90% had CF). Control groups had similar side effect profile as study group. No radiographic ...
... CF pts - 1.3% incidence of arthralgia (self-limited). Short term use – no acute arthritis or serious adverse effects (>1700 pts in general database review). Bayer studies - 1% incidence of arthralgia (90% had CF). Control groups had similar side effect profile as study group. No radiographic ...
alkaloid discovery as natural acetylcholinesterase
... major therapeutic strategies is to inhibit the biological activity of AChE, increasing the acetylcholine level in the brain. However, one of the major limitations of up-regulating AChE activity through acetycholinesterase inhibition is that repeated doses of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEi) le ...
... major therapeutic strategies is to inhibit the biological activity of AChE, increasing the acetylcholine level in the brain. However, one of the major limitations of up-regulating AChE activity through acetycholinesterase inhibition is that repeated doses of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEi) le ...
Lecture6_RW
... The IC50 is the concentration of an inhibitor that reduces the binding of the native ligand by half (50%). The IC50 is a measure of how well a drug (or inhibitor) competes with the natural or native ligand for binding to a receptor. ...
... The IC50 is the concentration of an inhibitor that reduces the binding of the native ligand by half (50%). The IC50 is a measure of how well a drug (or inhibitor) competes with the natural or native ligand for binding to a receptor. ...
Natural Products for the Treatment of Trachoma and Chlamydia
... oral dose of azithromycin (20 mg/kg, to a maximum dose of 1 g in adults) [3,19,20] or topical tetracycline (one percent eye ointment twice a day for six weeks) [19,20]. For chlamydial infections in general, both azithromycin and doxycycline are recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and P ...
... oral dose of azithromycin (20 mg/kg, to a maximum dose of 1 g in adults) [3,19,20] or topical tetracycline (one percent eye ointment twice a day for six weeks) [19,20]. For chlamydial infections in general, both azithromycin and doxycycline are recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and P ...
Infection caused by S. auerus
... Vancomycin is the drug of choice and sometimes the only drug available for serious staphylococcus infection. And thus the development of vancomycin resistance has been a serious concern. The most accurate susceptibility is done by nonautomated method. Detection of these strain should be reported to ...
... Vancomycin is the drug of choice and sometimes the only drug available for serious staphylococcus infection. And thus the development of vancomycin resistance has been a serious concern. The most accurate susceptibility is done by nonautomated method. Detection of these strain should be reported to ...
ppt
... Historical development in the USA As a consequence of about 105 deaths caused by poisoning from an elixir of sulphanilamide in 72% diethylene glycole (Massengill incident), the United States Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 was passed, that regulates the passive approvement of substances ...
... Historical development in the USA As a consequence of about 105 deaths caused by poisoning from an elixir of sulphanilamide in 72% diethylene glycole (Massengill incident), the United States Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 was passed, that regulates the passive approvement of substances ...
In-vitro susceptibility of Giardia lamblia to albendazole
... should not affect the intestinal flora. However, the results of clinical trials are conflicting. There have been three small, uncontrolled clinical studies of benzimidazoles in the treatment of giardiasis; in two of them albendazole and mebendazole were apparently ...
... should not affect the intestinal flora. However, the results of clinical trials are conflicting. There have been three small, uncontrolled clinical studies of benzimidazoles in the treatment of giardiasis; in two of them albendazole and mebendazole were apparently ...
Antifungal drugs and resistance: Current concepts
... is overproduced, so that the drug does not inhibit the biochemical reaction completely. 2. The drug target is altered so that the drug cannot bind to the target. 3. The drug is pumped out by an efflux pump. 4. The entry of the drug is prevented at the cell membrane/ cell wall level. 5. The cell has ...
... is overproduced, so that the drug does not inhibit the biochemical reaction completely. 2. The drug target is altered so that the drug cannot bind to the target. 3. The drug is pumped out by an efflux pump. 4. The entry of the drug is prevented at the cell membrane/ cell wall level. 5. The cell has ...
Modern Methods in Drug Discovery
... In the rarest cases bioisosters (similar chemical space) will show the same activity profile (similar biological space) than the compound they have been derived from. Aimed are following properties: better mode of action improved selectivity increased bioavailability less toxic fewer adverse side ef ...
... In the rarest cases bioisosters (similar chemical space) will show the same activity profile (similar biological space) than the compound they have been derived from. Aimed are following properties: better mode of action improved selectivity increased bioavailability less toxic fewer adverse side ef ...
Discovery and development of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors
Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase (RT), an enzyme that controls the replication of the genetic material of HIV. RT is one of the most popular targets in the field of antiretroviral drug development.Discovery and development of NNRTIs began in the late 1980s and in the end of 2009 four NNRTI had been approved by regulatory authorities and several others were undergoing clinical development. Drug resistance develops quickly if NNRTIs are administered as monotherapy and therefore NNRTIs are always given as part of combination therapy, the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).