292(1):94-106
... structure is intimately connected to normal brain function, as abnormalities in brain structure during development are correlated with a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders (Kurokawa et al., 2000; Gilmore et al., 2001; Hardan et al., 2001; Rehn and Rees, 2005; Nopoulos et al., 2007). Brain mo ...
... structure is intimately connected to normal brain function, as abnormalities in brain structure during development are correlated with a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders (Kurokawa et al., 2000; Gilmore et al., 2001; Hardan et al., 2001; Rehn and Rees, 2005; Nopoulos et al., 2007). Brain mo ...
Dendritic Morphology of Pyramidal Neurons in the
... DSN, DSD) were analyzed separately among regions. Specifically, we used a nested ANOVA design (IBM SPSS 18.0), in which each neuron was nested within region (areas 3b, 4, 10, and 18), which was nested within individual brain. We did not consider sex differences in the analysis because of the relative ...
... DSN, DSD) were analyzed separately among regions. Specifically, we used a nested ANOVA design (IBM SPSS 18.0), in which each neuron was nested within region (areas 3b, 4, 10, and 18), which was nested within individual brain. We did not consider sex differences in the analysis because of the relative ...
... his honor), was connected to Broca’s area, thus forming a complex system responsible for the comprehension and expression of spoken language. These findings led neuroscientists at that time to emphatically search for specific brain regions associated with each cognitive, motor or sensory function. T ...
brain computer interaction elg5121 (multimedia communication)
... To adjust the “dynamics of BCI”, modern Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles can be used ...
... To adjust the “dynamics of BCI”, modern Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles can be used ...
Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams
... between introspective data obtained from report and objective data obtained from behavioral responses is largely overstated. Like introspective data, behavioral measurements in cognitive studies often rely on inspecting mental representations or sensations and making decisions about them [a]. Two ra ...
... between introspective data obtained from report and objective data obtained from behavioral responses is largely overstated. Like introspective data, behavioral measurements in cognitive studies often rely on inspecting mental representations or sensations and making decisions about them [a]. Two ra ...
The mirror neuron system and the consequences of its dysfunction
... sounds demonstrates the remarkably abstract type of action coding that these cells can implement. This is also an important empirical observation because it demonstrates an auditory input to the MNS. Such auditory input is necessary to support the hypothesis that the MNS could be a precursor of neur ...
... sounds demonstrates the remarkably abstract type of action coding that these cells can implement. This is also an important empirical observation because it demonstrates an auditory input to the MNS. Such auditory input is necessary to support the hypothesis that the MNS could be a precursor of neur ...
Preview Sample 1
... iii. Identical twins: Twins developed from a single fertilized ovum and therefore identical in genetic makeup at the time of conception. iv. Fraternal twins: Twins developed from two separate fertilized ova and therefore different in genetic makeup. v. Adoption studies: Research carried out on child ...
... iii. Identical twins: Twins developed from a single fertilized ovum and therefore identical in genetic makeup at the time of conception. iv. Fraternal twins: Twins developed from two separate fertilized ova and therefore different in genetic makeup. v. Adoption studies: Research carried out on child ...
Generation of Rapid Eye Movements during Paradoxical Sleep in
... prove the existence of PGO waves in humans. Nevertheless, positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) determination make it possible to unravel their existence indirectly through their hemodynamic consequences. In neuroanatomical terms, it follows from the hypothesis of the pres ...
... prove the existence of PGO waves in humans. Nevertheless, positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) determination make it possible to unravel their existence indirectly through their hemodynamic consequences. In neuroanatomical terms, it follows from the hypothesis of the pres ...
Mirror Neurons: Findings and Functions
... One of the hypothesized functions of animal MNs is to aid understanding the intention of an observed motor action, as already hypothesized by Di Pellegrino et al. (1992). They found the firing of MNs did not depend on a specific object involved in the motor action or on a specific motor gesture, but ...
... One of the hypothesized functions of animal MNs is to aid understanding the intention of an observed motor action, as already hypothesized by Di Pellegrino et al. (1992). They found the firing of MNs did not depend on a specific object involved in the motor action or on a specific motor gesture, but ...
Human Neural Systems for Face Recognition and Social
... that are elicited by perceived gaze, therefore, are not dependent on a simple detection of eye position but rather involve the integrated perception of eye and head position (Langton et al 2000). Cross-species comparisons suggest that mechanisms for detecting eye gaze direction are more primitive an ...
... that are elicited by perceived gaze, therefore, are not dependent on a simple detection of eye position but rather involve the integrated perception of eye and head position (Langton et al 2000). Cross-species comparisons suggest that mechanisms for detecting eye gaze direction are more primitive an ...
Thomas A. Woolsey
... The human nervous system is complex and sophisticated. It is the most remarkable system in biology. A major challenge for neuroscience, psychology, medicine, and, indeed, for civilization is to understand the nervous system at the same fundamental levels at which we now understand other organ system ...
... The human nervous system is complex and sophisticated. It is the most remarkable system in biology. A major challenge for neuroscience, psychology, medicine, and, indeed, for civilization is to understand the nervous system at the same fundamental levels at which we now understand other organ system ...
PowerPoint
... – deprivation of O2 for 4 min does permanent injury • at that time, lysosome release enzymes • Blood-brain barrier (BBB) – protects cells from some toxins and pathogens • proteins & antibiotics can not pass but alcohol & anesthetics do – tight junctions seal together epithelial cells, continuous bas ...
... – deprivation of O2 for 4 min does permanent injury • at that time, lysosome release enzymes • Blood-brain barrier (BBB) – protects cells from some toxins and pathogens • proteins & antibiotics can not pass but alcohol & anesthetics do – tight junctions seal together epithelial cells, continuous bas ...
Rethinking Mammalian Brain Evolution1
... limitless source of information for investigating the evolution of biological structures. This is ultimately the final arbiter of any analysis of evolutionary relationships—even for paleontological data— since the interpretation of fossils is only as accurate and complete as the information we have ...
... limitless source of information for investigating the evolution of biological structures. This is ultimately the final arbiter of any analysis of evolutionary relationships—even for paleontological data— since the interpretation of fossils is only as accurate and complete as the information we have ...
Responses to irrational actions in action
... Overall, these three studies report three different patterns of results, with the MZN activated (Brass et al., 2007), deactivated (Marsh and Hamilton, 2011) or not engaged (Jastorff et al., 2010). AON activation was also only reported in one previous study (Marsh and Hamilton, 2011). Some of the dif ...
... Overall, these three studies report three different patterns of results, with the MZN activated (Brass et al., 2007), deactivated (Marsh and Hamilton, 2011) or not engaged (Jastorff et al., 2010). AON activation was also only reported in one previous study (Marsh and Hamilton, 2011). Some of the dif ...
General Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous System
... Summary of Sympathetic Division • Cell bodies are found in the thoracic and lumbar portions of the spinal cord • Preganglionic fibers are short, connect to the sympathetic chain, and synapse with long postganglionic fibers • Preganglionic fibers produce ACh, postganglionic fibers produce NE or Ach ...
... Summary of Sympathetic Division • Cell bodies are found in the thoracic and lumbar portions of the spinal cord • Preganglionic fibers are short, connect to the sympathetic chain, and synapse with long postganglionic fibers • Preganglionic fibers produce ACh, postganglionic fibers produce NE or Ach ...
Network structure underlying resolution of conflicting non
... video stimulus was presented with audio. The subjects were instructed to freely judge whether a professional actor who appeared in the video was a friend or foe by pressing a different button in the following 2 s response period. The average duration of a single trial was 7 s. (B) Types of video sti ...
... video stimulus was presented with audio. The subjects were instructed to freely judge whether a professional actor who appeared in the video was a friend or foe by pressing a different button in the following 2 s response period. The average duration of a single trial was 7 s. (B) Types of video sti ...
Structural Abnormalities of the Central Auditory Pathway in Infants
... Nopoulos and colleagues (2000, 2001) conducted a series of studies to investigate cortical anatomical structures in persons with craniofacial clefts, including individuals with nonsyndromic clefts or NSCL/P, using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning and image processing. They reported th ...
... Nopoulos and colleagues (2000, 2001) conducted a series of studies to investigate cortical anatomical structures in persons with craniofacial clefts, including individuals with nonsyndromic clefts or NSCL/P, using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning and image processing. They reported th ...
Neuroimaging of cognitive functions in human parietal cortex Jody C
... Even a cursory review of the parietal neuroimaging literature to date suggests that perhaps the appropriate question to ask is not ‘what activates parietal cortex?’, but rather ‘what does not activate parietal cortex?’. For example, in the case of visual attention, it is enlightening to find not onl ...
... Even a cursory review of the parietal neuroimaging literature to date suggests that perhaps the appropriate question to ask is not ‘what activates parietal cortex?’, but rather ‘what does not activate parietal cortex?’. For example, in the case of visual attention, it is enlightening to find not onl ...
Cortical evolution and development: Conserved
... behavioral adaptations are translated into neural specializations will be important when we examine hypotheses about how cortical areas might proliferate. What “environment” are organisms adapted to? In classic adaptation scenarios, individuals compete for reproductive success in a stable environmen ...
... behavioral adaptations are translated into neural specializations will be important when we examine hypotheses about how cortical areas might proliferate. What “environment” are organisms adapted to? In classic adaptation scenarios, individuals compete for reproductive success in a stable environmen ...
Brain stem representation of thermal and psychogenic sweating in
... nonthermal drives (26, 27), and their secretions serve a wide range of secondary functions, such as facilitating tactile and thermal sensitivity, increasing contact friction (grip), and reducing the risk of tissue damage (55). The main nonthermal drive to sweating in resting individuals is mental st ...
... nonthermal drives (26, 27), and their secretions serve a wide range of secondary functions, such as facilitating tactile and thermal sensitivity, increasing contact friction (grip), and reducing the risk of tissue damage (55). The main nonthermal drive to sweating in resting individuals is mental st ...
the brain - Medical Research Council
... The two hemispheres are connected by a massive bundle of nerve fibres known as the corpus callosum. In most people both sides work together to perform almost all mental tasks. Furthermore, people with damage to one side of their brain, for instance due to head injury or stroke, often regain lost abi ...
... The two hemispheres are connected by a massive bundle of nerve fibres known as the corpus callosum. In most people both sides work together to perform almost all mental tasks. Furthermore, people with damage to one side of their brain, for instance due to head injury or stroke, often regain lost abi ...
1 Brain Development, SIDS and Shaken Baby By Rhonda Crabbs
... body size. The skull must be big enough to hold the brain, which is 25% of its adult weight at birth. The neonate’s body, by comparison is typically only 5% of its adult size. When an infant reaches the age of two, the brain is almost 75% of its adult weight and the body is only about 20% of its adu ...
... body size. The skull must be big enough to hold the brain, which is 25% of its adult weight at birth. The neonate’s body, by comparison is typically only 5% of its adult size. When an infant reaches the age of two, the brain is almost 75% of its adult weight and the body is only about 20% of its adu ...
The functional organization of the intraparietal sulcus in humans and
... thereof), and planning and executing object-centred movements. The areas within the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), in particular, serve as interfaces between the perceptive and motor systems for controlling arm and eye movements in space. We review here the latest evidence for the existence of the IPS ...
... thereof), and planning and executing object-centred movements. The areas within the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), in particular, serve as interfaces between the perceptive and motor systems for controlling arm and eye movements in space. We review here the latest evidence for the existence of the IPS ...
31 - UCL
... One obvious reason to study non-human primate brains is that they resemble the human primate brain in many ways. Yet humans exhibit behaviors--especially the comprehension of linguistic discourse--that are qualitatively very different from behaviors of primates and other animals. Because of this, so ...
... One obvious reason to study non-human primate brains is that they resemble the human primate brain in many ways. Yet humans exhibit behaviors--especially the comprehension of linguistic discourse--that are qualitatively very different from behaviors of primates and other animals. Because of this, so ...
Evolution of human intelligence
The evolution of human intelligence refers to a set of theories that attempt to explain how human intelligence has evolved and are closely tied to the evolution of the human brain and to the origin of language.The timeline of human evolution spans approximately 7 million years, from the separation of the Pan genus until the emergence of behavioral modernity by 50,000 years ago. The first 3 million years of this timeline concern Sahelanthropus, the following 2 million concern Australopithecus and the final 2 million span the history of actual human species in the Paleolithic era.Many traits of human intelligence, such as empathy, theory of mind, mourning, ritual, and the use of symbols and tools, are apparent in great apes although in less sophisticated forms than found in humans, such as Great ape language.