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TEACHERS`NOTES AND REFERENCES
TEACHERS`NOTES AND REFERENCES

... It insulates (aïlla aisla) neurons from each other It speeds up (accelera acelera) impulses Language frames are provided to help students. Example: ...
Depth Perception
Depth Perception

...  those neurons which represent similar features at nearby visual directions and approximately equal depths excite each other, whereas  those neurons which correspond to the same visual direction but different depths are (via interneurons) mutually inhibitory. In this way, neurons which could repre ...
The human brain has on average 100 billion neurons, to each
The human brain has on average 100 billion neurons, to each

... universe – the human brain - has been plaguing scientists for centuries. However, with the prevalence of new technological advancements and modern scientific tools, more has become understood of that which is the source of our cognitive and physical behaviour. Elie Matar reports. A team of scientist ...
Our Fragile Intellect - BMI 205
Our Fragile Intellect - BMI 205

... make this wager for the ancient inhabitants of Africa, Asia, India or the Americas of perhaps 2,000 to 6,000 years ago. I mean to say simply that we Homo sapiens may have changed as a species in the past several thousand years and will use 3000 years to emphasize the potential rapidity of change and ...
Evolutionary roots offreedom
Evolutionary roots offreedom

... Two approximate dates within wide uncertain ranges are especially relevant in the history of brain evolution: one 250 million years ago, and the other 250 thousand years ago. The first, in early Mesozoic, marks the appearance of the first mam mals, the second the appearance ofthe last hominid, Homo ...
A Verbose Guide to Dissection of the Sheep`s Brain H
A Verbose Guide to Dissection of the Sheep`s Brain H

... called an accoustic lens because it is thought to focus sound to aid in echolocation. The 8th cranial nerve, the vestibulo-cochlear (or stato-accoustic), carries auditory and vestibular information. ("Cochlear" refers to the auditory part of the nerve, which carries information from the cochlea, the ...
Brain Fun and Exploration for Kids
Brain Fun and Exploration for Kids

... The New Science of Addiction: Genetics and the Brain interactive module which includes: a great little video Make a Mad, Mad, Mad, Neuron: an instructional video of Neurons, Synapses, Neurotransmitters; plus, The Other Brain Cells- great info about glial cells ...
Brain plasticity power point
Brain plasticity power point

... Brain Plasticity and Culture (Bruce Wexler) • Plasticity declines with age • Becomes more difficult to change in response to the world • Familiar types of stimulation are pleasurable • Seek out like-minded people • Individuals attempt to make the environment conform to the internal structures of th ...
Neuroscience
Neuroscience

... netrin-1, promote apoptosis. This pro-apoptotic activity requires initial caspase cleavage of the receptor's intracellular domain. Netrin-1 is therefore a pro-survival factor acting by blocking cell death induced by its unbound receptors. Netrin-1 protects neurons from death during development and f ...
It`s Mindboggling!
It`s Mindboggling!

... is the study of the brain and nervous systems, including structure, function, and disorders. Neuroscience as a discipline emerged only in the last few decades. The human brain is, as neuroscientist Joseph LeDoux says in The Emotional Brain, “the most sophisticated machine imaginable, or unimaginable ...
developing the brain`s ability - Success For Kids With Hearing Loss
developing the brain`s ability - Success For Kids With Hearing Loss

... studies have found that the extent to which animal brains are changed by fluctuating hearing depends on the type, degree, and similarity of the hearing loss from one ear to another. A study of human infants (0-2 years) also found that early fluctuating hearing loss caused brain differences. Another ...
Document
Document

... Many students have encountered the material in this unit before, either in biology or in high school psychology. The trick, then, is to make this material clear but also different enough in orientation from what they have learned earlier so that it will engage their interest. To the extent that you ...
Brain Areas and Topography
Brain Areas and Topography

... Definition of an “Area” • Neuroimager’s definition of an area: Some blob vaguely in the vicinity (+/- ~3 cm) of where I think it ought to be that lights up for something I think it ought to light up for • Neuroanatomist’s definition of an area: A circumscribed region of the cerebral cortex in which ...
GMS 6074
GMS 6074

... This course will introduce undergraduate and graduate students to the origins and diversity of nervous systems, examine the developmental and evolutionary processes that have molded the complex nervous systems of invertebrates and vertebrates, discuss the use of specific systems as models for unders ...
journey through the brain
journey through the brain

... basis of addiction. Furthermore, in certain disorders of the brain, the reward system may not be working properly. For example in schizophrenia there is a lot of evidence for disruption to dopamine levels in areas of the brain involved in reward and motivation (prefrontal cortex and striatum). Serot ...
Advancing Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder`s Possible
Advancing Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder`s Possible

... aberrant synaptogenesis, neuronal apoptosis, and decreased levels of the pro-social neuropeptide, oxytocin. Central release of oxytocin has neuromodulatory effects on the limbic system and can promote social bonding. Recent studies have shown that Melanotan-II (MT-II), a melanocortin-receptor agonis ...
Brain: The Inside Story Educator`s Guide
Brain: The Inside Story Educator`s Guide

... learning are easier at specific developmental stages, but learning never stops. GUIDING QUESTIONS From birth to old age, how does the brain develop? How can we keep it working as well as possible as we grow old? (Answers may include: At birth most neurons have already formed. As we go through life we ...
Commentary: The Case for Epigenetic Inheritance in Evolution
Commentary: The Case for Epigenetic Inheritance in Evolution

... The evolutionary significance of epigenetic inheritance thus turns on how one interprets hierarchical evolution. It also turns on how one understands evolutionary significance, which requires a careful consideration of the form of the argument Jablonka and Lamb have offered. Establishing this signif ...
nato cc
nato cc

... brain (1,2). The CC seems to be important in the transfer and facilitation of associative information between the hemispheres. It is thought that the cross-sectional size of the CC may indicate the number of fibres crossing through (1), implying that a larger callosal area may indicate a higher capa ...
Growing Pains for fMRI
Growing Pains for fMRI

... brain region is activated, now you’re talking about whether the activity in many different voxels can predict what people are seeing or hearing.” Poldrack predicts that classifiers will help rescue researchers from the logical perils of reverse inference. Instead of inferring that a photo of Mitt Ro ...
Physical Anthropology 101 - Fullerton College Staff Web Pages
Physical Anthropology 101 - Fullerton College Staff Web Pages

... following hypothesis, “Life changes over time and space due to environmental differences.” Darwin stated (after much research) that “populations of species will be different in time and space due to different environments.” Nature or the environment will “select” which individuals are best adapted t ...
Your Brain
Your Brain

... can think of the thalamus as being to neural traffic what London is to England’s train traffic: Sensory input passes though it en route to various destinations. The thalamus also receives some of the higher brain’s replies, which it directs to the cerebellum and the medulla. Inside the brain stem, t ...
Visual Information and Eye Movement Control in Human Cerebral
Visual Information and Eye Movement Control in Human Cerebral

... can perform these calculations without difficulty in less than one second, as these calculations are performed by a massively parallel calculation mechanism that far exceeds our current technology and knowledge, and also because our mechanisms allow us to perform the programming required for such ca ...
Infant Brain Development
Infant Brain Development

... sight development is to make sure that babies can see! Up to 5% of all infants will develop some kind of visual abnormality in the first few years of life. The earlier these problems are picked up, the better the outcome for the infant. Binocularity, or the ability to see using both eyes together, d ...
HBTRC Tour - Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center
HBTRC Tour - Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center

... microscopic images is taken on each case, showing the damage a particular disease does to brain tissue. These are combined with the macroscopic images and made available to researchers on our website. ...
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Evolution of human intelligence



The evolution of human intelligence refers to a set of theories that attempt to explain how human intelligence has evolved and are closely tied to the evolution of the human brain and to the origin of language.The timeline of human evolution spans approximately 7 million years, from the separation of the Pan genus until the emergence of behavioral modernity by 50,000 years ago. The first 3 million years of this timeline concern Sahelanthropus, the following 2 million concern Australopithecus and the final 2 million span the history of actual human species in the Paleolithic era.Many traits of human intelligence, such as empathy, theory of mind, mourning, ritual, and the use of symbols and tools, are apparent in great apes although in less sophisticated forms than found in humans, such as Great ape language.
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