Chaos, Quantum-transactions and Consciousness
... Chaotic excitation may have provided key advantages for the first cells, including sensitivity to light, vibration and chemical factors, through sensitive dependence on initial conditions, the capacity to generate electromagnetic fields and use them to sense other cells, to respond to internal chang ...
... Chaotic excitation may have provided key advantages for the first cells, including sensitivity to light, vibration and chemical factors, through sensitive dependence on initial conditions, the capacity to generate electromagnetic fields and use them to sense other cells, to respond to internal chang ...
Mirror neurons and the 8 parallel consciousnesses
... In order to achieve the primary endpoint (identifying brain areas whose sole function is consciousness), a large body of work concerning neglect pathologies was reviewed. Neglect is a disorder characterized by loss of consciousness of sensorial information on the left. It is usually caused by unilat ...
... In order to achieve the primary endpoint (identifying brain areas whose sole function is consciousness), a large body of work concerning neglect pathologies was reviewed. Neglect is a disorder characterized by loss of consciousness of sensorial information on the left. It is usually caused by unilat ...
Advanced biomaterial strategies to transplant preformed micro
... et al 2010), but these methods do not replace the loss of neurons that is prevalent in neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, although many neurological conditions present both neuronal and axonal loss (Coleman and Perry, 2002, Bjartmar et al 2003, Dauer and Przedb ...
... et al 2010), but these methods do not replace the loss of neurons that is prevalent in neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, although many neurological conditions present both neuronal and axonal loss (Coleman and Perry, 2002, Bjartmar et al 2003, Dauer and Przedb ...
Evolutionary Connectionism and Mind/Brain Modularity - laral
... properties of the neural network are hardwired by the researcher in the neural network but it is necessary to actually simulate the evolutionary process that results in these genetically inherited properties or constraints. Artificial Life simulations differ from the usual connectionist simulations ...
... properties of the neural network are hardwired by the researcher in the neural network but it is necessary to actually simulate the evolutionary process that results in these genetically inherited properties or constraints. Artificial Life simulations differ from the usual connectionist simulations ...
Evolutionary Connectionism and Mind/Brain Modularity - laral
... properties of the neural network are hardwired by the researcher in the neural network but it is necessary to actually simulate the evolutionary process that results in these genetically inherited properties or constraints. Artificial Life simulations differ from the usual connectionist simulations ...
... properties of the neural network are hardwired by the researcher in the neural network but it is necessary to actually simulate the evolutionary process that results in these genetically inherited properties or constraints. Artificial Life simulations differ from the usual connectionist simulations ...
The epistemic value of brain-machine systems for the study of the
... components with artificial devices. In addition, they both use prostheses qua functional replacers of biological components in order to test particular neuroscientific hypotheses. The “qua functional replacers” clause is not redundant. I will argue that, in some BCI-supported theoretically driven ex ...
... components with artificial devices. In addition, they both use prostheses qua functional replacers of biological components in order to test particular neuroscientific hypotheses. The “qua functional replacers” clause is not redundant. I will argue that, in some BCI-supported theoretically driven ex ...
A neuropsychological theory of metaphor
... structural-realist solution is to say that the distinctions we make among different hues (ÔhueÕ being a phenomenal term) are just those distinctions made among wavelengths by the physical sensory and interpretive apparatus. (See Schnitzer, 1978, 1982, 1986 for further discussion of this approach as i ...
... structural-realist solution is to say that the distinctions we make among different hues (ÔhueÕ being a phenomenal term) are just those distinctions made among wavelengths by the physical sensory and interpretive apparatus. (See Schnitzer, 1978, 1982, 1986 for further discussion of this approach as i ...
The Dynamics of Functional Brain Networks
... updating and cognitive control, was associated with greatest integration. The other five tasks recruited levels of integration between these two extremes. Together, these results suggest that integration may be particularly important for more difficult tasks, perhaps involving cognitive control; how ...
... updating and cognitive control, was associated with greatest integration. The other five tasks recruited levels of integration between these two extremes. Together, these results suggest that integration may be particularly important for more difficult tasks, perhaps involving cognitive control; how ...
Proceedings of 2013 BMI the Second International Conference on
... unable to move. Conventional assistive devices for people with severe motor disabilities are inherently limited, often relying on residual motor function for their use. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim to provide a more powerful signal source by tapping into the rich information content that is ...
... unable to move. Conventional assistive devices for people with severe motor disabilities are inherently limited, often relying on residual motor function for their use. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) aim to provide a more powerful signal source by tapping into the rich information content that is ...
Is neuroimaging measuring information in the brain? | SpringerLink
... need to be decoded by a receiver. Thus, in Shannon’s formulation, the quantification of information over a channel was contingent on the existence of a ‘receiver’. The importance of a receiver in Shannon’s formulation seems to be neglected in modern neuroscience, perhaps because, for the communicati ...
... need to be decoded by a receiver. Thus, in Shannon’s formulation, the quantification of information over a channel was contingent on the existence of a ‘receiver’. The importance of a receiver in Shannon’s formulation seems to be neglected in modern neuroscience, perhaps because, for the communicati ...
Document
... Parkinson’s disease was named after James Parkinson, a London physician who first described its “involuntary tremulous motion” in 1817 It was hoped that Parkinson’s might be alleviated by replacing the chemical. It was thought that the tremors of Parkinson’s disease resulted from the death of nerve ...
... Parkinson’s disease was named after James Parkinson, a London physician who first described its “involuntary tremulous motion” in 1817 It was hoped that Parkinson’s might be alleviated by replacing the chemical. It was thought that the tremors of Parkinson’s disease resulted from the death of nerve ...
- Philsci
... In the following discussion I will assume that mechanistic models describe the regular behaviour of system components by means of generalizations (Glennan, 2005; Woodward, 2002). The term “model” is used here to emphasize the fact that mechanism descriptions may be more or less abstract in the sense ...
... In the following discussion I will assume that mechanistic models describe the regular behaviour of system components by means of generalizations (Glennan, 2005; Woodward, 2002). The term “model” is used here to emphasize the fact that mechanism descriptions may be more or less abstract in the sense ...
This file has Chapter II: Structural differentiation of the brain • Neural
... one somite stage; also see Adelmann 1925 for rat) rostrally; shortly thereafter a caudal groove appears, the two being separated by a length of neural plate with no groove and slight lateral constrictions; and shortly thereafter the two grooves fuse. In addition, the neural plate has dorsal and vent ...
... one somite stage; also see Adelmann 1925 for rat) rostrally; shortly thereafter a caudal groove appears, the two being separated by a length of neural plate with no groove and slight lateral constrictions; and shortly thereafter the two grooves fuse. In addition, the neural plate has dorsal and vent ...
The emergence of a shared action ontology: Building blocks for a
... decomposition process, by answering to the following questions: What are the explicit and implicit assumptions about the structure of reality, which at the same time shape the causal profile of the brainÕs motor output and its representational deep structure, in particular of the conscious mind arisi ...
... decomposition process, by answering to the following questions: What are the explicit and implicit assumptions about the structure of reality, which at the same time shape the causal profile of the brainÕs motor output and its representational deep structure, in particular of the conscious mind arisi ...
trans - RUF International
... A more simple primary generator loop may actually be a better starting point for the development of complex consciousness. An analogy could be made to the transition from spoken language to written language. Spoken language consists of a lot of complex words but written language is made up from comb ...
... A more simple primary generator loop may actually be a better starting point for the development of complex consciousness. An analogy could be made to the transition from spoken language to written language. Spoken language consists of a lot of complex words but written language is made up from comb ...
trans - RUF International
... A more simple primary generator loop may actually be a better starting point for the development of complex consciousness. An analogy could be made to the transition from spoken language to written language. Spoken language consists of a lot of complex words but written language is made up from comb ...
... A more simple primary generator loop may actually be a better starting point for the development of complex consciousness. An analogy could be made to the transition from spoken language to written language. Spoken language consists of a lot of complex words but written language is made up from comb ...
Brain Gate
... human or animal brain (or brain cell culture) and an external device. In one-way BCIs, computers either accept commands from the brain or send signals to it (for example, to restore vision) but not both. Two-way BCIs would allow brains and external devices to exchange information in both directions ...
... human or animal brain (or brain cell culture) and an external device. In one-way BCIs, computers either accept commands from the brain or send signals to it (for example, to restore vision) but not both. Two-way BCIs would allow brains and external devices to exchange information in both directions ...
The Biology of Mind - American International School
... seeing where one neuron ends and another begins. Scientists once believed that the axon of one cell fused with the dendrites of another in an uninterrupted fabric. Then British physiologist Sir Charles Sherrington (1857–1952) noticed that neural impulses were taking an unexpectedly long time to trav ...
... seeing where one neuron ends and another begins. Scientists once believed that the axon of one cell fused with the dendrites of another in an uninterrupted fabric. Then British physiologist Sir Charles Sherrington (1857–1952) noticed that neural impulses were taking an unexpectedly long time to trav ...
Brain-implantable biomimetic electronics as the next era in neural
... neural network models in question must be miniaturized sufficiently to be implantable, which demands their implementation in at least microchip circuitry. Given the known signaling characteristics of neurons, such an implementation will most likely involve hybrid analog/digital device designs. Fourt ...
... neural network models in question must be miniaturized sufficiently to be implantable, which demands their implementation in at least microchip circuitry. Given the known signaling characteristics of neurons, such an implementation will most likely involve hybrid analog/digital device designs. Fourt ...
Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience 1.1 Multiple Choice 1) The mind
... A) behaviors have to be explained in terms of molecular events. B) different physiological mechanisms may produce identical behaviors. C) different behaviors may occur for the same reasons. D) physiologists are only able to offer reductionist explanations. E) Science is difficult. Answer: B Rational ...
... A) behaviors have to be explained in terms of molecular events. B) different physiological mechanisms may produce identical behaviors. C) different behaviors may occur for the same reasons. D) physiologists are only able to offer reductionist explanations. E) Science is difficult. Answer: B Rational ...
Neurotransmitter
... Electrical synapses were first discovered in 1959 in study on crayfish. Electrical transmission of nerve impulse is found at many locations in various animals, e.g., vertebrate retina, some locations of vertebrate nervous system, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle fibers and sensory neurons. Elect ...
... Electrical synapses were first discovered in 1959 in study on crayfish. Electrical transmission of nerve impulse is found at many locations in various animals, e.g., vertebrate retina, some locations of vertebrate nervous system, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle fibers and sensory neurons. Elect ...
Cognition without a Neural Code: How a Folded Electromagnetic Fields
... ulation after round-trips between two sets of coordinated neurons (a small number of round-trips, since any one center is already modulated by third parties before it receives news back from a center it just signaled). In addition, there is the time spent conducting along axons. Even if we assume op ...
... ulation after round-trips between two sets of coordinated neurons (a small number of round-trips, since any one center is already modulated by third parties before it receives news back from a center it just signaled). In addition, there is the time spent conducting along axons. Even if we assume op ...
NEURAL CONNECTIONS: Some You Use, Some You Lose
... exceeds the rate of synapse elimination. This is followed by a second phase, during which the rate of synapse elimination exceeds the rate of synapse formation. Although Cragg, Lund, and others documented this phenomenon, they were cautious in interpreting their discovery. Like archeologists who ha ...
... exceeds the rate of synapse elimination. This is followed by a second phase, during which the rate of synapse elimination exceeds the rate of synapse formation. Although Cragg, Lund, and others documented this phenomenon, they were cautious in interpreting their discovery. Like archeologists who ha ...
ap psych 2012 unit 3a and 3b
... ____ 25. Nerve cells in the brain receive life-supporting nutrients and insulating myelin from a. glial cells. b. neurotransmitters. c. motor neurons. d. hormones. e. sensory neurons. ____ 26. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? a. thalamus b. amygdala c. me ...
... ____ 25. Nerve cells in the brain receive life-supporting nutrients and insulating myelin from a. glial cells. b. neurotransmitters. c. motor neurons. d. hormones. e. sensory neurons. ____ 26. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? a. thalamus b. amygdala c. me ...
Chapter 2
... autonomic nervous systems – Autonomic nervous system subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems ...
... autonomic nervous systems – Autonomic nervous system subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems ...
Mind uploading
Whole brain emulation (WBE) or mind uploading (sometimes called ""mind copying"" or ""mind transfer"") is the hypothetical process of copying mental content (including long-term memory and ""self"") from a particular brain substrate and copying it to a computational device, such as a digital, analog, quantum-based or software-based artificial neural network. The computational device could then run a simulation model of the brain information processing, such that it responds in essentially the same way as the original brain (i.e., indistinguishable from the brain for all relevant purposes) and experiences having a conscious mind.Mind uploading may potentially be accomplished by either of two methods: Copy-and-Transfer or Gradual Replacement of neurons. In the case of the former method, mind uploading would be achieved by scanning and mapping the salient features of a biological brain, and then by copying, transferring, and storing that information state into a computer system or another computational device. The simulated mind could be within a virtual reality or simulated world, supported by an anatomic 3D body simulation model. Alternatively, the simulated mind could reside in a computer that's inside (or connected to) a humanoid robot or a biological body.Among some futurists and within the transhumanist movement, mind uploading is treated as an important proposed life extension technology. Some believe mind uploading is our current best option for preserving who we are as opposed to cryonics. Another aim of mind uploading is to provide a permanent backup to our ""mind-file"", and a means for functional copies of human minds to survive a global disaster or interstellar space travels. Whole brain emulation is discussed by some futurists as a ""logical endpoint"" of the topical computational neuroscience and neuroinformatics fields, both about brain simulation for medical research purposes. It is discussed in artificial intelligence research publications as an approach to strong AI. Computer-based intelligence such as an upload could think much faster than a biological human even if it were no more intelligent. A large-scale society of uploads might, according to futurists, give rise to a technological singularity, meaning a sudden time constant decrease in the exponential development of technology. Mind uploading is a central conceptual feature of numerous science fiction novels and films.Substantial mainstream research in related areas is being conducted in animal brain mapping and simulation, development of faster super computers, virtual reality, brain-computer interfaces, connectomics and information extraction from dynamically functioning brains. According to supporters, many of the tools and ideas needed to achieve mind uploading already exist or are currently under active development; however, they will admit that others are, as yet, very speculative, but still in the realm of engineering possibility. Neuroscientist Randal Koene has formed a nonprofit organization called Carbon Copies to promote mind uploading research.