1 Platonic model of mind as an approximation to neurodynamics
... conditions a single quantum event, like a photon falling on the retina, may become amplified, and may even influence global dynamics of the brain. On the other hand effects requiring quantum description are observable either in interactions of a few small molecules or in very low temperatures. Prope ...
... conditions a single quantum event, like a photon falling on the retina, may become amplified, and may even influence global dynamics of the brain. On the other hand effects requiring quantum description are observable either in interactions of a few small molecules or in very low temperatures. Prope ...
free - Piero Scaruffi
... 1771: Luigi Galvani discovers that nerve cells are conductors of electricity 1796: Franz Joseph Gall’s phrenology (mental faculties are localized in specific brain regions) 1836: Marc Dax notes that aphasic patients (incapable of speaking) have sustained damage to the left side of the brain 1864: Pa ...
... 1771: Luigi Galvani discovers that nerve cells are conductors of electricity 1796: Franz Joseph Gall’s phrenology (mental faculties are localized in specific brain regions) 1836: Marc Dax notes that aphasic patients (incapable of speaking) have sustained damage to the left side of the brain 1864: Pa ...
Music, biological evolution, and the brain.
... species, starting early in life (Blacking, 1973; Trehub, 2003). Thus one can predict with some confidence that the few remaining uncontacted tribes of humans, when finally described by anthropologists, will have music as part of their behavioral repertoire. For those interested in the evolutionary f ...
... species, starting early in life (Blacking, 1973; Trehub, 2003). Thus one can predict with some confidence that the few remaining uncontacted tribes of humans, when finally described by anthropologists, will have music as part of their behavioral repertoire. For those interested in the evolutionary f ...
The brain timewise: how timing shapes and supports brain function
... both in vitro and in vivo, MEG and EEG are currently the only non-invasive ways to record electric activity of neuronal populations. The bulk of MEG and EEG signals are generated by postsynaptic currents in the apical dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons; in EEG, we record the potential distribut ...
... both in vitro and in vivo, MEG and EEG are currently the only non-invasive ways to record electric activity of neuronal populations. The bulk of MEG and EEG signals are generated by postsynaptic currents in the apical dendrites of cortical pyramidal neurons; in EEG, we record the potential distribut ...
Famous Russian brains: historical attempts to understand intelligence
... Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands Correspondence to: Alla A. Vein, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Russian scientists are certainly among those who c ...
... Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands Correspondence to: Alla A. Vein, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Russian scientists are certainly among those who c ...
Artificial neural network
... A neural network is, in essence, an attempt to simulate the brain. Neural network theory revolves around the idea that certain key properties of biological neurons can be extracted and applied to simulations, thus creating a simulated (and very much simplified) brain. The first important thing to un ...
... A neural network is, in essence, an attempt to simulate the brain. Neural network theory revolves around the idea that certain key properties of biological neurons can be extracted and applied to simulations, thus creating a simulated (and very much simplified) brain. The first important thing to un ...
SCIENCE AND RELIGION: Scientific
... molecules can be reduced to the interactions among the atoms that make them up. This method of analysis and this way of thinking has been fundamental to scientific and engineering successes from theories of elementary particles and quantum superstrings, to making car engines, airplanes, nuclear bomb ...
... molecules can be reduced to the interactions among the atoms that make them up. This method of analysis and this way of thinking has been fundamental to scientific and engineering successes from theories of elementary particles and quantum superstrings, to making car engines, airplanes, nuclear bomb ...
Emergentism
... actually has a life of its own, then we can consider independent laws of causation operating within the mental realm, and even top-down causation (but only on non-deterministic aspects of the lowlevel processes). Such a scheme, however, abandons any attempt at explanation. The consciousness mind is ...
... actually has a life of its own, then we can consider independent laws of causation operating within the mental realm, and even top-down causation (but only on non-deterministic aspects of the lowlevel processes). Such a scheme, however, abandons any attempt at explanation. The consciousness mind is ...
Module 3 - Psychology 40S with Susan Lawrie, M.Ed.
... inside the axon – the enormous increase of Na ions inside the axon causes the inside to reverse its charge – the inside becomes positive & the outside becomes negative ...
... inside the axon – the enormous increase of Na ions inside the axon causes the inside to reverse its charge – the inside becomes positive & the outside becomes negative ...
Introduction to Psychology, 7th Edition, Rod Plotnik Module 3
... inside the axon – the enormous increase of Na ions inside the axon causes the inside to reverse its charge – the inside becomes positive & the outside becomes negative ...
... inside the axon – the enormous increase of Na ions inside the axon causes the inside to reverse its charge – the inside becomes positive & the outside becomes negative ...
Learning pattern recognition and decision making in the insect brain
... of projection neurons (PNs), which are excitatory, and lateral neurons (LNs), which are mostly inhibitory. The PNs and the LNs connect to each other via the glomeruli. The glomeruli structure induces a bipartite graph of connections that contrasts to the standard directed Bernoulli-induced graphs ty ...
... of projection neurons (PNs), which are excitatory, and lateral neurons (LNs), which are mostly inhibitory. The PNs and the LNs connect to each other via the glomeruli. The glomeruli structure induces a bipartite graph of connections that contrasts to the standard directed Bernoulli-induced graphs ty ...
Equal numbers of neuronal and nonneuronal cells make the human
... supposedly unusual scaling of the human brain, however, derives from comparisons across orders (Jerison, 1973) and, even when restricted to primates, regards only the brain– body relationship (Marino, 1998) rather than addressing how its cellular composition compares with that expected from other pr ...
... supposedly unusual scaling of the human brain, however, derives from comparisons across orders (Jerison, 1973) and, even when restricted to primates, regards only the brain– body relationship (Marino, 1998) rather than addressing how its cellular composition compares with that expected from other pr ...
Sample pages 1 PDF
... and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections, called “lobes”: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe. Figure 2.1 shows the cortex. Different areas or lobes of the cerebral cortex shown in figure play specific roles in human thought and activity. For example: ...
... and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections, called “lobes”: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe. Figure 2.1 shows the cortex. Different areas or lobes of the cerebral cortex shown in figure play specific roles in human thought and activity. For example: ...
Removing some `A` from AI: Embodied Cultured Networks
... the target. If a given neural reaction is repeatable with low variance, then the response may be used to control a robot to handle a specific task. Using one of these response properties, we created a system that could achieve the goal [26]. Networks stimulated with pairs of electrical stimuli appli ...
... the target. If a given neural reaction is repeatable with low variance, then the response may be used to control a robot to handle a specific task. Using one of these response properties, we created a system that could achieve the goal [26]. Networks stimulated with pairs of electrical stimuli appli ...
Brain Development
... Synapses begin forming prenatally, but the process continues throughout life. Brain development 5. Pruning is the process of weeding out unnecessary connections and strengthening the important ones, based on the child's experiences. Some pruning begins very early in development, but the most rap ...
... Synapses begin forming prenatally, but the process continues throughout life. Brain development 5. Pruning is the process of weeding out unnecessary connections and strengthening the important ones, based on the child's experiences. Some pruning begins very early in development, but the most rap ...
Neural Networks Architecture
... if h j 0 and u j 1 then u j will not change u j h j h j 0 if h j 0 and u j 0 then u j will change u j h j 0 if h j 0 and u j 1 then u j will not change u j h j 0 if h j 0 and u j 1 then u j will change u j h j h j 0 in each case u j h j is maximum when u j does no ...
... if h j 0 and u j 1 then u j will not change u j h j h j 0 if h j 0 and u j 0 then u j will change u j h j 0 if h j 0 and u j 1 then u j will not change u j h j 0 if h j 0 and u j 1 then u j will change u j h j h j 0 in each case u j h j is maximum when u j does no ...
Viscoelastic Properties of the Rat Brain in the Horizontal Plane
... $76.5 billion in direct and indirect costs in the United States each year[1]. The progression of brain injury after a traumatic event involves a complex array of pathological processes[2]. Rat models of TBI are commonly used to study these processes[3]. One source of variation leading to pathol ...
... $76.5 billion in direct and indirect costs in the United States each year[1]. The progression of brain injury after a traumatic event involves a complex array of pathological processes[2]. Rat models of TBI are commonly used to study these processes[3]. One source of variation leading to pathol ...
The Problem of Consciousness by Francis Crick and
... synaptic connections between neurons. For example, you probably have a representation of the Statue of Liberty in your brain, a representation that usually is inactive. If you do think about the statue, the representation becomes active, with the relevant neurons firing away. An object, incidentally ...
... synaptic connections between neurons. For example, you probably have a representation of the Statue of Liberty in your brain, a representation that usually is inactive. If you do think about the statue, the representation becomes active, with the relevant neurons firing away. An object, incidentally ...
Neuroscientists are finding that their biological
... into focus, and the surprise is this: it is not unlike the one that Freud outlined a century ago. We are still far from a consensus, but an increasing number of diverse neuroscientists are reaching the same conclusion drawn by Eric R. Kandel of Columbia University, the 2000 Nobel laureate in physiol ...
... into focus, and the surprise is this: it is not unlike the one that Freud outlined a century ago. We are still far from a consensus, but an increasing number of diverse neuroscientists are reaching the same conclusion drawn by Eric R. Kandel of Columbia University, the 2000 Nobel laureate in physiol ...
Freud Returns - Socialscientist.us
... into focus, and the surprise is this: it is not unlike the one that Freud outlined a century ago. We are still far from a consensus, but an increasing number of diverse neuroscientists are reaching the same conclusion drawn by Eric R. Kandel of Columbia University, the 2000 Nobel laureate in physiol ...
... into focus, and the surprise is this: it is not unlike the one that Freud outlined a century ago. We are still far from a consensus, but an increasing number of diverse neuroscientists are reaching the same conclusion drawn by Eric R. Kandel of Columbia University, the 2000 Nobel laureate in physiol ...
Neuroscience and the artist’s mind Peter Stupples
... with his father. Both of them used the banal adjective ‘great’ to describe moments of shared sensate experience, the changing colours of the world of nature, neither, at the time, having language to describe, or even attempt to describe, experiences lying for both of them beyond the simple speech of ...
... with his father. Both of them used the banal adjective ‘great’ to describe moments of shared sensate experience, the changing colours of the world of nature, neither, at the time, having language to describe, or even attempt to describe, experiences lying for both of them beyond the simple speech of ...
You and Your Brain - Harvard University
... to the euphoric feeling. Cocaine can lead to death during use because it increases blood pressure and constricts blood vessels which can lead to a stroke (bleeding in the brain).Recent studies have found that cocaine causes a depletion in memory and higher brain function. “The PET scan allows one to ...
... to the euphoric feeling. Cocaine can lead to death during use because it increases blood pressure and constricts blood vessels which can lead to a stroke (bleeding in the brain).Recent studies have found that cocaine causes a depletion in memory and higher brain function. “The PET scan allows one to ...
www.goertzel.org/dynapsyc/2007/mirrorself.pdf
... interacting individu als is that of a tiling of part of space using adjacent quaternionic or octonionic mirrorhouses. There is also an intriguing potential tie-in with recent developments in neurobiology, which suggest that empathic modeling of other minds may be carried out in part via a “mirror ne ...
... interacting individu als is that of a tiling of part of space using adjacent quaternionic or octonionic mirrorhouses. There is also an intriguing potential tie-in with recent developments in neurobiology, which suggest that empathic modeling of other minds may be carried out in part via a “mirror ne ...
Brain: The Inside Story Educator`s Guide
... in place, and most neurons have already formed. The total number doesn’t change much over a lifetime. But the number of connections between them does. As we go through life, especially during childhood and adolescence, we generate many more connections, as many as 100 trillion in all. Unused connect ...
... in place, and most neurons have already formed. The total number doesn’t change much over a lifetime. But the number of connections between them does. As we go through life, especially during childhood and adolescence, we generate many more connections, as many as 100 trillion in all. Unused connect ...
Alternate Version with Animations
... However intelligence is measured, greater size and complexity have moved in step with greater intelligence. The growth in human brain size and complexity can be related to and explained in terms of the acquisition and continuing growth in language and particularly rapid increase in the number of wor ...
... However intelligence is measured, greater size and complexity have moved in step with greater intelligence. The growth in human brain size and complexity can be related to and explained in terms of the acquisition and continuing growth in language and particularly rapid increase in the number of wor ...
Mind uploading
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Whole brain emulation (WBE) or mind uploading (sometimes called ""mind copying"" or ""mind transfer"") is the hypothetical process of copying mental content (including long-term memory and ""self"") from a particular brain substrate and copying it to a computational device, such as a digital, analog, quantum-based or software-based artificial neural network. The computational device could then run a simulation model of the brain information processing, such that it responds in essentially the same way as the original brain (i.e., indistinguishable from the brain for all relevant purposes) and experiences having a conscious mind.Mind uploading may potentially be accomplished by either of two methods: Copy-and-Transfer or Gradual Replacement of neurons. In the case of the former method, mind uploading would be achieved by scanning and mapping the salient features of a biological brain, and then by copying, transferring, and storing that information state into a computer system or another computational device. The simulated mind could be within a virtual reality or simulated world, supported by an anatomic 3D body simulation model. Alternatively, the simulated mind could reside in a computer that's inside (or connected to) a humanoid robot or a biological body.Among some futurists and within the transhumanist movement, mind uploading is treated as an important proposed life extension technology. Some believe mind uploading is our current best option for preserving who we are as opposed to cryonics. Another aim of mind uploading is to provide a permanent backup to our ""mind-file"", and a means for functional copies of human minds to survive a global disaster or interstellar space travels. Whole brain emulation is discussed by some futurists as a ""logical endpoint"" of the topical computational neuroscience and neuroinformatics fields, both about brain simulation for medical research purposes. It is discussed in artificial intelligence research publications as an approach to strong AI. Computer-based intelligence such as an upload could think much faster than a biological human even if it were no more intelligent. A large-scale society of uploads might, according to futurists, give rise to a technological singularity, meaning a sudden time constant decrease in the exponential development of technology. Mind uploading is a central conceptual feature of numerous science fiction novels and films.Substantial mainstream research in related areas is being conducted in animal brain mapping and simulation, development of faster super computers, virtual reality, brain-computer interfaces, connectomics and information extraction from dynamically functioning brains. According to supporters, many of the tools and ideas needed to achieve mind uploading already exist or are currently under active development; however, they will admit that others are, as yet, very speculative, but still in the realm of engineering possibility. Neuroscientist Randal Koene has formed a nonprofit organization called Carbon Copies to promote mind uploading research.