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Groups, Representations, and Particle Physics
Groups, Representations, and Particle Physics

Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 1 Invariant subspaces
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 1 Invariant subspaces

Geometry, Statistics, Probability: Variations on a Common Theme
Geometry, Statistics, Probability: Variations on a Common Theme

Physics with Matlab and Mathematica Exercise #12 27 Nov 2012
Physics with Matlab and Mathematica Exercise #12 27 Nov 2012

(Linear Algebra) & B (Convex and Concave Functions)
(Linear Algebra) & B (Convex and Concave Functions)

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Homework-All

489-287 - wseas.us
489-287 - wseas.us

KEY - AP Physics– Electrostatics – FR 2 #14 (2006
KEY - AP Physics– Electrostatics – FR 2 #14 (2006

1 The Lie Algebra of a Lie Group
1 The Lie Algebra of a Lie Group

Matrix Multiplication
Matrix Multiplication

The Equations of Motion in a Rotating Coordinate System
The Equations of Motion in a Rotating Coordinate System

... simplification to assume that the earth is locally flat and to use a rectangular coordinate system with z pointing vertically upwards. » Holton (§2.3, pp31-35) shows the precise circumstances under which such an approximation is valid. » In general, the use of spherical coordinates merely refines th ...
SECTION 7-3 Geometric Vectors
SECTION 7-3 Geometric Vectors

Word Format
Word Format

... Our initial definition of a vector turns out to be vague and insufficient for more advanced applications. In advanced physics, mathematical equations and entities including vectors are defined by how they behave when the coordinate system is transformed (changed). Since the transformation properties ...
Maxwell`s equations
Maxwell`s equations

1.3 Matrices and Matrix Operations
1.3 Matrices and Matrix Operations

Maxwell`s equations in differential forms
Maxwell`s equations in differential forms

Newton`s Second Law
Newton`s Second Law

Matrix elements for the Morse potential using ladder operators
Matrix elements for the Morse potential using ladder operators

... Equation (29) was obtained under the implicit assumption of having only positive integer powers in Eqs. (28). If we look at the analytic properties of M as a function of A, however, we immediately notice that M is a meromorphic function. Its analytic continuation is simply obtained by continuing the ...
Soon, we will encounter the exponential and logarithmic functions in
Soon, we will encounter the exponential and logarithmic functions in

Fast multiply, nonzero structure
Fast multiply, nonzero structure

... Applying this matrix requires no arithmetic, but it does require O(n) index lookups and element copies. This is a prototypical example of a sparse matrix – one in which most of the matrix elements are zero – but the sparse structure is completely destroyed when we change the basis. The fifth matrix ...
Updated Course Outline - Trinity College Dublin
Updated Course Outline - Trinity College Dublin

... [ Sydsaeter, ch. 6 & 7 (up to 7.9) ] [ Chiang, ch. 6, 7.1 to 7.3, 8.1, 8.5 (up to p. 199), 9.3 & 9.5 ] 1. Definition and interpretation a. Difference quotient b. Derivative c. Increasing and decreasing functions d. Limits e. Continuity vs differentiability 2. Rules of Differentiation a. Constant fun ...
Lie groups and Lie algebras 1 Examples of Lie groups
Lie groups and Lie algebras 1 Examples of Lie groups

lesson24
lesson24

Chapter 21. The dimension of a vector space A vector space V is
Chapter 21. The dimension of a vector space A vector space V is

Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

... The fact that quantum states of free relativistic particles are fully defined by the Lorentz transformation supplemented by the space-time translation was discovered by Wigner. Here we will follow his idea in a qualitative way just to get the main concept across. First, we note that Lorentz transfor ...
< 1 ... 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 ... 214 >

Four-vector

In the theory of relativity, a four-vector or 4-vector is a vector in Minkowski space, a four-dimensional real vector space. It differs from a Euclidean vector in how its magnitude is determined. The transformations that preserve this magnitude are the Lorentz transformations, which include spatial rotations, boosts (a change by a constant velocity to another inertial reference frame), and temporal and spatial inversions. Regarded as a homogeneous space, the transformation group of Minkowski space is the Poincaré group, which adds to the Lorentz group the group of translations. The Lorentz group may be represented by 4×4 matrices.The article considers four-vectors in the context of special relativity. Although the concept of four-vectors also extends to general relativity, some of the results stated in this article require modification in general relativity.
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