Lecture 7
... production in cells. The reason for transcribing DNA into RNA is to ultimately produce functional protein complexes. As in a well run automobile production plant, to continue our automobile theme, the cell needs to make the necessary parts (proteins) for the machines as it needs those machines. Prod ...
... production in cells. The reason for transcribing DNA into RNA is to ultimately produce functional protein complexes. As in a well run automobile production plant, to continue our automobile theme, the cell needs to make the necessary parts (proteins) for the machines as it needs those machines. Prod ...
Nature Methods article on Programming transcription
... call the shots. If we fully understood how TFs operate, not only would we understand gene regulation but we could also use this understanding to engineer gene circuits for biotechnology purposes. Khalil et al. took a step in this direction. They constructed synthetic TFs consisting of a zinc-finger ...
... call the shots. If we fully understood how TFs operate, not only would we understand gene regulation but we could also use this understanding to engineer gene circuits for biotechnology purposes. Khalil et al. took a step in this direction. They constructed synthetic TFs consisting of a zinc-finger ...
Posttranslational Modification
... The nucleus also contains numerous proteins, such as the high mobility group N (HMGN) proteins, which bind to DNA and to nucleosomes and induce structural changes that affect transcription, replication and other DNA-dependent activities ...
... The nucleus also contains numerous proteins, such as the high mobility group N (HMGN) proteins, which bind to DNA and to nucleosomes and induce structural changes that affect transcription, replication and other DNA-dependent activities ...
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Objectives: The objective of this course is to
... research articles; to write a review about a primary research article. Content: Molecular biology deals with nucleic acids and proteins and how these molecules interact within the cell to promote proper growth, division, and development. It is a large and ever-changing discipline. This course will e ...
... research articles; to write a review about a primary research article. Content: Molecular biology deals with nucleic acids and proteins and how these molecules interact within the cell to promote proper growth, division, and development. It is a large and ever-changing discipline. This course will e ...
슬라이드 1 - Sogang
... Protein phosphatase 1γ is responsible for dephosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr 11 after DNA damage ...
... Protein phosphatase 1γ is responsible for dephosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr 11 after DNA damage ...
Gene expression of eukaryotic cells
... 2. Transcription • proteins that bind to DNA and facilitate of inhibit ...
... 2. Transcription • proteins that bind to DNA and facilitate of inhibit ...
Lect13_HistonesChromatin
... • Intrinsic DNase cutting bias could have 300-fold difference, creating fake footprints GAT ACA CTA TGT CAGATA CAGATC ...
... • Intrinsic DNase cutting bias could have 300-fold difference, creating fake footprints GAT ACA CTA TGT CAGATA CAGATC ...
PartFourSumm_ThemesInRegulation.doc
... 4. Some positive regulatory proteins (trans-activators) can increase the rate of transcription initiation by directly contacting the RNA polymerase and recruiting it to bind more avidly to the promoter. a. An example from eubacteria (E. coli) is the CAP protein, which in the presence of cAMP will bi ...
... 4. Some positive regulatory proteins (trans-activators) can increase the rate of transcription initiation by directly contacting the RNA polymerase and recruiting it to bind more avidly to the promoter. a. An example from eubacteria (E. coli) is the CAP protein, which in the presence of cAMP will bi ...
Does your DNA define you Ans
... Now we have more understanding of the epigenome and how it is related to health and disease, this knowledge can be exploited to help develop drugs which change gene expression profiles. Unlike the genome which is largely static, the epigenome is more dynamic and we have more influence over it. Since ...
... Now we have more understanding of the epigenome and how it is related to health and disease, this knowledge can be exploited to help develop drugs which change gene expression profiles. Unlike the genome which is largely static, the epigenome is more dynamic and we have more influence over it. Since ...
MSc / BSc positions in Systems Biology of Gene Regulation
... MSc / BSc positions in Systems Biology of Gene Regulation What defines the identity of a cell? How is the same genetic code used to build more than 200 different cell types with distinct physiological and morphological properties? These fundamental questions drive our enthusiasm for understanding ho ...
... MSc / BSc positions in Systems Biology of Gene Regulation What defines the identity of a cell? How is the same genetic code used to build more than 200 different cell types with distinct physiological and morphological properties? These fundamental questions drive our enthusiasm for understanding ho ...
Nature Rev.Mol.Cell Biol. 16
... histone variants contribute to structural and functional characteristics of chromatin ...
... histone variants contribute to structural and functional characteristics of chromatin ...
Key concepts_chromatin
... The genomes of all organisms are compacted by interaction with specific proteins. These often play roles in gene regulation. In bacteria, a large circular chromosome is complexed by proteins in a dynamic manner that compacts it and yet makes it accessible for transcription. Eukaryotes utilize a set ...
... The genomes of all organisms are compacted by interaction with specific proteins. These often play roles in gene regulation. In bacteria, a large circular chromosome is complexed by proteins in a dynamic manner that compacts it and yet makes it accessible for transcription. Eukaryotes utilize a set ...
Does your DNA define you Qu
... patterns of expression using drugs. 1. DNA methylation: Inhibitors of DNA can reactivate genes that have been silenced e.g. . This compound works by acting like the nucleotide cytosine and gets incorporated into DNA. When it is present in DNA, it prevents , the enzymes that add methyl groups to DNA, ...
... patterns of expression using drugs. 1. DNA methylation: Inhibitors of DNA can reactivate genes that have been silenced e.g. . This compound works by acting like the nucleotide cytosine and gets incorporated into DNA. When it is present in DNA, it prevents , the enzymes that add methyl groups to DNA, ...
The Proteomics of Epigenetics
... • The varients are subject to posttranslational modification as well • Some are very similar with subtle differences (ex. H3 and H3.3) • Others are very different (ex. H2A and macroH2A) • Specific tasks: Transcription activating and silencing, damaged DNA detection, etc. ...
... • The varients are subject to posttranslational modification as well • Some are very similar with subtle differences (ex. H3 and H3.3) • Others are very different (ex. H2A and macroH2A) • Specific tasks: Transcription activating and silencing, damaged DNA detection, etc. ...
Biology - Raleigh Charter High School
... long and not visible with a light microscope. The chromatin fibers coil up to form chromosomes Also known as 30-nm chromatin fiber or 30-nm fiber ...
... long and not visible with a light microscope. The chromatin fibers coil up to form chromosomes Also known as 30-nm chromatin fiber or 30-nm fiber ...
Structures define the functions of proteins
... Each histone is organized in two domains, a characteristic ‘histone fold’ and an unstructured N-terminal ‘tail’. The histone-fold domains constrain the DNA in a central core particle and, thereby, restrict access of DNA-binding proteins. This histone tail is a flexible amino terminus of 11-37 resid ...
... Each histone is organized in two domains, a characteristic ‘histone fold’ and an unstructured N-terminal ‘tail’. The histone-fold domains constrain the DNA in a central core particle and, thereby, restrict access of DNA-binding proteins. This histone tail is a flexible amino terminus of 11-37 resid ...
Transcription Factors
... iii. Controls 1. Transcriptional Controls a. Promoters— b. Control Elements—segments of noncoding DNA that act as binding sites for transcription factors c. Transcription Factors— d. Activators (transcription factors that activate) and Enhancers (distal control elements)—work together to turn on no ...
... iii. Controls 1. Transcriptional Controls a. Promoters— b. Control Elements—segments of noncoding DNA that act as binding sites for transcription factors c. Transcription Factors— d. Activators (transcription factors that activate) and Enhancers (distal control elements)—work together to turn on no ...
differential gene expression
... diseases including cancer. • Gene expression is regulated at many stages. ...
... diseases including cancer. • Gene expression is regulated at many stages. ...
S1 Table - PLoS ONE
... protein that regulates the cell cycle, functioning as a tumor suppressor, preventing cancer; it has been described as "the guardian of the genome" because of its role in conserving stability by preventing genome mutations ...
... protein that regulates the cell cycle, functioning as a tumor suppressor, preventing cancer; it has been described as "the guardian of the genome" because of its role in conserving stability by preventing genome mutations ...
Histone acetylation and deacetylation
Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail protruding from the histone core of the nucleosome are acetylated and deacetylated as part of gene regulation. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are essential parts of gene regulation. These reactions are typically catalysed by enzymes with ""histone acetyltransferase"" (HAT) or ""histone deacetylase"" (HDAC) activity. Acetylation is the process where an acetyl functional group is transferred from one molecule (in this case, Acetyl-Coenzyme A) to another. Deacetylation is simply the reverse reaction where an acetyl group is removed from a molecule.Acetylated histones, octameric proteins that organize chromatin into nucleosomes and ultimately higher order structures, represent a type of epigenetic marker within chromatin. Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones, thereby decreasing the interaction of the N termini of histones with the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA. As a consequence, the condensed chromatin is transformed into a more relaxed structure that is associated with greater levels of gene transcription. This relaxation can be reversed by HDAC activity. Relaxed, transcriptionally active DNA is referred to as euchromatin. More condensed (tightly packed) DNA is referred to as heterochromatin. Condensation can be brought about by processes including deacetylation and methylation; the action of methylation is indirect and has no effect upon charge.