Mechanisms of translational regulation in bacteria
... varying independently codon usage and folding of mRNA and measuring protein- and mRNA-levels. We investigate further driving forces for genome organization by studying the impact of gene order within an operon on the fitness of bacterial cells. Operons group functionally related genes which are toge ...
... varying independently codon usage and folding of mRNA and measuring protein- and mRNA-levels. We investigate further driving forces for genome organization by studying the impact of gene order within an operon on the fitness of bacterial cells. Operons group functionally related genes which are toge ...
Alnylam Licenses Intellectual Property from Cold Spring Harbor
... major breakthrough, and the journal Science named RNAi the top scientific achievement of 2002 as well as one of the top ten scientific advances of 2003. Because many diseases are caused by the inappropriate activity of specific genes, the ability to silence such genes selectively through RNAi could ...
... major breakthrough, and the journal Science named RNAi the top scientific achievement of 2002 as well as one of the top ten scientific advances of 2003. Because many diseases are caused by the inappropriate activity of specific genes, the ability to silence such genes selectively through RNAi could ...
Full Text - BioTechniques
... Array Kit (Toyobo, Tsuruga, Japan). Hybridization (using a GeneNavigator cDNA array system from Toyobo) was performed following the manufacturer’s instructions. Signals were detected using a chemiluminescence kit (Imaging High; Toyobo) and a Fluor-S® MAX MultiImager System (Nippon BioRad ® Laborato ...
... Array Kit (Toyobo, Tsuruga, Japan). Hybridization (using a GeneNavigator cDNA array system from Toyobo) was performed following the manufacturer’s instructions. Signals were detected using a chemiluminescence kit (Imaging High; Toyobo) and a Fluor-S® MAX MultiImager System (Nippon BioRad ® Laborato ...
Tissue-specific expression of AUX1 in maize roots
... Besides the root system, ZmAUX1 expression was also observed in mesocotyls and leaves (data not shown), as expected from the diverse actions of auxin in the whole plant. Interestingly however, ZmAUX1 expression could not be detected in coleoptiles, which are very responsive to exogenously applied au ...
... Besides the root system, ZmAUX1 expression was also observed in mesocotyls and leaves (data not shown), as expected from the diverse actions of auxin in the whole plant. Interestingly however, ZmAUX1 expression could not be detected in coleoptiles, which are very responsive to exogenously applied au ...
Document
... the plant. The ethylene then induces expression of these ERF genes. SNORKEL1 and SNORKEL2 trigger remarkable internode elongation via the hormone gibberellin. In contrast, SUB1A inhibits internode elongation. • Now transferring these genes to high-yield cultivars. • These engineered strains will be ...
... the plant. The ethylene then induces expression of these ERF genes. SNORKEL1 and SNORKEL2 trigger remarkable internode elongation via the hormone gibberellin. In contrast, SUB1A inhibits internode elongation. • Now transferring these genes to high-yield cultivars. • These engineered strains will be ...
DNA copy number analysis by MAPH: molecular diagnostic
... mal distribution with a mean of 1. The standard deviation of study [11]. Any genetic diseases caused by a large deletion or this distribution (the standard deviation of that probe) duplication can be typed by MAPH analysis. describes how much variation or noise that probe shows in The subtelomeric p ...
... mal distribution with a mean of 1. The standard deviation of study [11]. Any genetic diseases caused by a large deletion or this distribution (the standard deviation of that probe) duplication can be typed by MAPH analysis. describes how much variation or noise that probe shows in The subtelomeric p ...
Case report - HAL
... Material and Methods Patient and samples A 22 years old woman was treated for FAP in 1983 by a total colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis for FAP. Pathology showed multiple adenomatous polyps with low grade dysplasia. An APC germline mutation, 3184-3187del leading to Q1062fs was identified. She was ...
... Material and Methods Patient and samples A 22 years old woman was treated for FAP in 1983 by a total colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis for FAP. Pathology showed multiple adenomatous polyps with low grade dysplasia. An APC germline mutation, 3184-3187del leading to Q1062fs was identified. She was ...
Formal Outline Introduction The Founding of PTC When Who How
... slightly bitter, or completely tasteless. Respectively, these people are known as “tasters” and “nontasters.” Approximately 75% of Earth’s population can taste PTC, whereas 25% cannot. PTC was first discovered in 1931 when chemist Arthur L. Fox accidentally released a cloud of finely-powdered PTC in ...
... slightly bitter, or completely tasteless. Respectively, these people are known as “tasters” and “nontasters.” Approximately 75% of Earth’s population can taste PTC, whereas 25% cannot. PTC was first discovered in 1931 when chemist Arthur L. Fox accidentally released a cloud of finely-powdered PTC in ...
Discussion paper - Office of the Gene Technology Regulator
... document? 3. Is there any scientific evidence that any of options 2-4 would result in a level of regulation not commensurate with risks posed by gene technology? 4. How might options 2-4 change the regulatory burden on you from the gene technology regulatory scheme? 5. How do you use item 1 of Sched ...
... document? 3. Is there any scientific evidence that any of options 2-4 would result in a level of regulation not commensurate with risks posed by gene technology? 4. How might options 2-4 change the regulatory burden on you from the gene technology regulatory scheme? 5. How do you use item 1 of Sched ...
Bio 102 Practice Problems
... think?). You notice that some cardinals have dark eyes, while others have blue eyes. How could you determine which allele is dominant, dark or blue? (Looking for an experiment here, not an answer to the question of which is dominant.) The dominant allele is defined as the one that determines the phe ...
... think?). You notice that some cardinals have dark eyes, while others have blue eyes. How could you determine which allele is dominant, dark or blue? (Looking for an experiment here, not an answer to the question of which is dominant.) The dominant allele is defined as the one that determines the phe ...
The mitochondrial genome of the soybean cyst nematode
... cycles 1–5 were as follows; 94 °C for 20 s, annealing (temperature set at 5 °C below the melting temperature of the primer) for 20 s, and 68 °C for 8 min. The use of a high annealing temperature is designed to increase the concentration of the desired template by linear (single stranded) amplificati ...
... cycles 1–5 were as follows; 94 °C for 20 s, annealing (temperature set at 5 °C below the melting temperature of the primer) for 20 s, and 68 °C for 8 min. The use of a high annealing temperature is designed to increase the concentration of the desired template by linear (single stranded) amplificati ...
Causes, Risks, Prevention
... Researchers do not yet know exactly why some children get Wilms tumors, but they have made great progress in understanding how normal kidneys develop, as well as how this process can go wrong, leading to a Wilms tumor. The kidneys develop very early as a fetus grows in the womb. Changes (mutations) ...
... Researchers do not yet know exactly why some children get Wilms tumors, but they have made great progress in understanding how normal kidneys develop, as well as how this process can go wrong, leading to a Wilms tumor. The kidneys develop very early as a fetus grows in the womb. Changes (mutations) ...
Mutations in the gene encoding methyl-CpG-binding
... vitro and revealed that the first three reduced binding by over 100-fold, while the T158M mutation only resulted in a 2-fold reduction [37]. Moreover, because of XCI, each cell has either the wild-type or the mutant MECP2active. This excludes a possible dominant-negative mechanism in which the prote ...
... vitro and revealed that the first three reduced binding by over 100-fold, while the T158M mutation only resulted in a 2-fold reduction [37]. Moreover, because of XCI, each cell has either the wild-type or the mutant MECP2active. This excludes a possible dominant-negative mechanism in which the prote ...
Mapping the histone code at hMLH1. - JScholarship
... (Jackson et al., 2002), respectively. However, for hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes in human cancer, DNA hypermethylation appears to be dominant over at least the histone deacetylation part of the histone code for maintaining a silenced state (Cameron et al., 1999). In this regard, we have sh ...
... (Jackson et al., 2002), respectively. However, for hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes in human cancer, DNA hypermethylation appears to be dominant over at least the histone deacetylation part of the histone code for maintaining a silenced state (Cameron et al., 1999). In this regard, we have sh ...
Leapfrogging: primordial germ cell transplantation
... Yaoita, 2015b). Since successful partitioning to the germ plasm requires careful titration to minimize targeting of somatic nuclei, the frequency of germline transmission is highly variable. The use of 3′ UTRs to drive Cas9 mRNA into germ cells has not been demonstrated in Xenopus, but has been used ...
... Yaoita, 2015b). Since successful partitioning to the germ plasm requires careful titration to minimize targeting of somatic nuclei, the frequency of germline transmission is highly variable. The use of 3′ UTRs to drive Cas9 mRNA into germ cells has not been demonstrated in Xenopus, but has been used ...
New functions of the Drosophila rhomboid gene
... driving the localized expression of an active gene of interest in place of the passive reporter gene. Thus, mobilization of an enhancer trap-like vector carrying a cDNA of interest should result in transposon insertions near endogenous genomic enhancers which could drive localized expression of the ...
... driving the localized expression of an active gene of interest in place of the passive reporter gene. Thus, mobilization of an enhancer trap-like vector carrying a cDNA of interest should result in transposon insertions near endogenous genomic enhancers which could drive localized expression of the ...
Do nonasterid holoparasitic flowering plants have plastid genomes?
... ences to be visualized on agarose gels. For mitochondrial SSU rRNA, two regions associated with helix 6 and 43 account for most of the size increases whereas helix 9 is truncated and helix 10 is absent. Finally, distinct and characteristic SSU sequences from each of the three subcellular genomes hav ...
... ences to be visualized on agarose gels. For mitochondrial SSU rRNA, two regions associated with helix 6 and 43 account for most of the size increases whereas helix 9 is truncated and helix 10 is absent. Finally, distinct and characteristic SSU sequences from each of the three subcellular genomes hav ...
Management Perspectives Polled or Scurred: Do You Know the
... Testing for polled should be considered There are many reasons mistakes could happen in classifying a calf as polled or horned. The scur gene, human error, poor judgment, and a varying degree of genetic influence on horn growth strongly suggest testing for the polled gene should be a mandatory when ...
... Testing for polled should be considered There are many reasons mistakes could happen in classifying a calf as polled or horned. The scur gene, human error, poor judgment, and a varying degree of genetic influence on horn growth strongly suggest testing for the polled gene should be a mandatory when ...
Metabolic rate depression in animals
... ATP turnover and a reorganization of the proportion of ATP turnover devoted to five main ATP-consuming processes in liver cells : Na+,K+-ATPase activity, protein synthesis, protein degradation, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis. Respectively, these consumed 28, 36, 17, 17 and 3 % of ATP turnover in ...
... ATP turnover and a reorganization of the proportion of ATP turnover devoted to five main ATP-consuming processes in liver cells : Na+,K+-ATPase activity, protein synthesis, protein degradation, gluconeogenesis, and urea synthesis. Respectively, these consumed 28, 36, 17, 17 and 3 % of ATP turnover in ...
F 1 generation - Zanichelli online per la scuola
... same trait generation after generation. Mendel used pure line plants in his first experiments. He crossed two pure lines that differed for only one trait, for example seed colour (P generation). The result was called F1 generation. ...
... same trait generation after generation. Mendel used pure line plants in his first experiments. He crossed two pure lines that differed for only one trait, for example seed colour (P generation). The result was called F1 generation. ...
Recent and ongoing selection in the human genome
... genetic disease factors by identifying regions of the human genome that currently are under selection3,11. In general, positions in the genome that are under selection must be of functional importance, otherwise selection could not be operating. The aim of this Review is to discuss some of the major ...
... genetic disease factors by identifying regions of the human genome that currently are under selection3,11. In general, positions in the genome that are under selection must be of functional importance, otherwise selection could not be operating. The aim of this Review is to discuss some of the major ...
Genes & Inheritance Series: Set 3 Copyright © 2005 Version: 2.0
... Cells need to control the rate and frequency of protein synthesis. These controls often occur at transcription. Sometimes genes are induced (and therefore transcribed) only when an enzyme product is required to catalyze reactions that may occur infrequently, e.g. use of a particular substrate that i ...
... Cells need to control the rate and frequency of protein synthesis. These controls often occur at transcription. Sometimes genes are induced (and therefore transcribed) only when an enzyme product is required to catalyze reactions that may occur infrequently, e.g. use of a particular substrate that i ...
Genetics and Prostate Cancer
... ‘cancer protection’ genes in a cell. Some of these changes will be mutations. So for a normal cell to become cancerous, both copies of a number of different ‘cancer protection’ genes in the cell of a tissue or organ must become faulty over time. If a person is born with a mutation in one of the ‘can ...
... ‘cancer protection’ genes in a cell. Some of these changes will be mutations. So for a normal cell to become cancerous, both copies of a number of different ‘cancer protection’ genes in the cell of a tissue or organ must become faulty over time. If a person is born with a mutation in one of the ‘can ...
Gene expression profiling
In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. These profiles can, for example, distinguish between cells that are actively dividing, or show how the cells react to a particular treatment. Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell.DNA microarray technology measures the relative activity of previously identified target genes. Sequence based techniques, like serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE, SuperSAGE) are also used for gene expression profiling. SuperSAGE is especially accurate and can measure any active gene, not just a predefined set. The advent of next-generation sequencing has made sequence based expression analysis an increasingly popular, ""digital"" alternative to microarrays called RNA-Seq. However, microarrays are far more common, accounting for 17,000 PubMed articles by 2006.