Functional cooperation between the non-paralogous
... (Fig. 1B, open arrows), and around its distal extremity (Fig. 1B). Transcripts of the paralogous gene Hoxd-10 did not extend more proximally than the presumptive knee area (Fig. 1A,B, arrowheads) and Hoxa-10 transcripts were more widely distributed than Hoxd-10 transcripts in the mesenchyme of the d ...
... (Fig. 1B, open arrows), and around its distal extremity (Fig. 1B). Transcripts of the paralogous gene Hoxd-10 did not extend more proximally than the presumptive knee area (Fig. 1A,B, arrowheads) and Hoxa-10 transcripts were more widely distributed than Hoxd-10 transcripts in the mesenchyme of the d ...
From DNA to diversity: molecular genetics and the evolution of
... question has eluded us for the half-century since the Modern Synthesis was proposed and the structure of DNA was discovered. Although many reasons exist to explain this omission, foremost among them is that biology first had to address another central genetic mystery a that is, which genes out of th ...
... question has eluded us for the half-century since the Modern Synthesis was proposed and the structure of DNA was discovered. Although many reasons exist to explain this omission, foremost among them is that biology first had to address another central genetic mystery a that is, which genes out of th ...
org.Mm.eg.db
... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
... assigned in the literature, users are cautioned that this map may produce multiple matching results for a single gene symbol. Users should map back from the entrez gene IDs produced to determine which result is the one they want when this happens. Because of this problem with redundant assigment of ...
B/b
... Random chromatid assortment (Quadrivalents are formed): Requirements for double reduction (requires that after crossing over between the centromere and gene marker in adjacent chromosomes, these chromosomes go to the same pole at anaphase I ): ...
... Random chromatid assortment (Quadrivalents are formed): Requirements for double reduction (requires that after crossing over between the centromere and gene marker in adjacent chromosomes, these chromosomes go to the same pole at anaphase I ): ...
Application to Modify an Approved Exempt or Notifiable Low Risk
... Please initial each of the following statements to indicate that you understand your responsibilities when dealing with GMOs and then sign the application form. I have read, considered and understand my responsibilities under the Gene Technology Act 2000 and agree to undertake the GMO dealing outlin ...
... Please initial each of the following statements to indicate that you understand your responsibilities when dealing with GMOs and then sign the application form. I have read, considered and understand my responsibilities under the Gene Technology Act 2000 and agree to undertake the GMO dealing outlin ...
Genetic Disorders Leading to Hypoglycaemia
... a complex phenotype with pituitary hypoplasia that resembles septooptic dysplasia [23,24]. ACTH deficiency: Isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare disorder causing severe hypoglycaemia due to secondary adrenal insufficiency with low or absent cortisol and normal levels of other pituitary hormones. It ca ...
... a complex phenotype with pituitary hypoplasia that resembles septooptic dysplasia [23,24]. ACTH deficiency: Isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare disorder causing severe hypoglycaemia due to secondary adrenal insufficiency with low or absent cortisol and normal levels of other pituitary hormones. It ca ...
SNPs for individual identification
... disequilibrium. In the case of the disease-causing allele in complete LD with one of the SNP alleles, while the SNP genotype does alter the numeric probability of the mutation being present, it is not a very meaningful alteration even in this extreme case of a relatively common disease-causing mutat ...
... disequilibrium. In the case of the disease-causing allele in complete LD with one of the SNP alleles, while the SNP genotype does alter the numeric probability of the mutation being present, it is not a very meaningful alteration even in this extreme case of a relatively common disease-causing mutat ...
A homozygous double mutation in SMN1
... (Fig. 1c). Thus, the mutations segregated in the family on the same SMN1 allele. This verified that both SMN1 gene copies of patient V-1 carried these two mutations. We subsequently diagnosed additional affected members of this pedigree. Patient V-2 was referred for SMN DNA sequencing after presenti ...
... (Fig. 1c). Thus, the mutations segregated in the family on the same SMN1 allele. This verified that both SMN1 gene copies of patient V-1 carried these two mutations. We subsequently diagnosed additional affected members of this pedigree. Patient V-2 was referred for SMN DNA sequencing after presenti ...
Agrobacterium: nature`s genetic engineer
... Since the biological functions encoded by these genes were not yet known, the full significance of these data could not be appreciated. However, the use of promoters encoded in the T-DNA proved invaluable in the genetic engineering of plants. Once a restriction map of an octopine Ti plasmid was gene ...
... Since the biological functions encoded by these genes were not yet known, the full significance of these data could not be appreciated. However, the use of promoters encoded in the T-DNA proved invaluable in the genetic engineering of plants. Once a restriction map of an octopine Ti plasmid was gene ...
Analyzing the Paper
... only in women. Via quantitative trait locus mapping followed by a candidate gene strategy using both mutant mice and pharmacological tools, we now demonstrate that the melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) gene mediates κ-opioid analgesia in female mice only. This finding suggested that individuals with va ...
... only in women. Via quantitative trait locus mapping followed by a candidate gene strategy using both mutant mice and pharmacological tools, we now demonstrate that the melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) gene mediates κ-opioid analgesia in female mice only. This finding suggested that individuals with va ...
Prediction and investigation of novel proteins in DNA double
... DSBs are primarily repaired by two independent and highly conserved pathways: homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). HR requires a homologous sequence to repair DNA breaks, whereas NHEJ repair is achieved through direct ligation of the broken ends of DNA. The process of ...
... DSBs are primarily repaired by two independent and highly conserved pathways: homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). HR requires a homologous sequence to repair DNA breaks, whereas NHEJ repair is achieved through direct ligation of the broken ends of DNA. The process of ...
"Tooth Agenesis". - Thimios Mitsiadis
... cases of tooth agenesis can help to elucidate mechanisms involved in human odontogenesis, when phenotypes are carefully evaluated and correlated with associated genotypes. Phenotypes can be restricted to the dentition or include also defects in other tissues or organs, most frequently clefts of the ...
... cases of tooth agenesis can help to elucidate mechanisms involved in human odontogenesis, when phenotypes are carefully evaluated and correlated with associated genotypes. Phenotypes can be restricted to the dentition or include also defects in other tissues or organs, most frequently clefts of the ...
Translational control of regA, a key gene controlling
... level. First, it was observed that the synthesis of RegA protein lags behind the appearance of the regA mRNA by 4 hours (Kirk et al., 1999). Second, the level of RegA protein is much lower than might be expected from the mRNA level. Third, there are eight potential start codons (AUGs) (Fig. 2) in th ...
... level. First, it was observed that the synthesis of RegA protein lags behind the appearance of the regA mRNA by 4 hours (Kirk et al., 1999). Second, the level of RegA protein is much lower than might be expected from the mRNA level. Third, there are eight potential start codons (AUGs) (Fig. 2) in th ...
17. Prof. K. P. Bhatia: Paroxysmal Movement Disorders
... family, all with typical PNKD with autosmal dominant inhertitance.53-55 It appears that there is genetic homogeneity for typical familial PNKD/PDC. The gene for this disorder was recently identified and is called the myofibrillogenesis regulator 1 gene.56 Mis-sense mutations were identified in the a ...
... family, all with typical PNKD with autosmal dominant inhertitance.53-55 It appears that there is genetic homogeneity for typical familial PNKD/PDC. The gene for this disorder was recently identified and is called the myofibrillogenesis regulator 1 gene.56 Mis-sense mutations were identified in the a ...
SEX-DETector: a probabilistic approach to uncover sex
... Producing high-quality assemblies is not always necessary and alternative, less expensive strategies have been recently developed for identifying sex chromosome sequences based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data (reviewed in Muyle, Shearn, et al., n.d.). A first category of approaches relies o ...
... Producing high-quality assemblies is not always necessary and alternative, less expensive strategies have been recently developed for identifying sex chromosome sequences based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) data (reviewed in Muyle, Shearn, et al., n.d.). A first category of approaches relies o ...
asense is a Drosophila neural precursor gene and is
... proneural genes such as those of the achaete-scute complex (AS-C), which encode members of the basic helix-loophelix (bHLH) group of transcriptional factors. The proneural genes of the AS-C are expressed in small groups of cells in the epithelium, called proneural clusters, prior to the generation o ...
... proneural genes such as those of the achaete-scute complex (AS-C), which encode members of the basic helix-loophelix (bHLH) group of transcriptional factors. The proneural genes of the AS-C are expressed in small groups of cells in the epithelium, called proneural clusters, prior to the generation o ...
PROCUSTE1 Encodes a Cellulose Synthase Required for Normal
... culture conditions used, neither wild-type nor prc1-1 accumulated significant levels of (1→3)--glucan (callose). Also, staining with iodine failed to detect starch in wild-type or prc1-1 hypocotyls (data not shown). The presence of minor amounts of xylosyl (5%), rhamnosyl (6%), uronic acid (10%), g ...
... culture conditions used, neither wild-type nor prc1-1 accumulated significant levels of (1→3)--glucan (callose). Also, staining with iodine failed to detect starch in wild-type or prc1-1 hypocotyls (data not shown). The presence of minor amounts of xylosyl (5%), rhamnosyl (6%), uronic acid (10%), g ...
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Sara R. Fassio for the degree of
... modulated by a hierarchy of transcriptional regulators (17). These regulators include the transcription factors AphA and AphB, which positively regulate transcription of the twocomponent regulatory system tcpPH. The membrane-bound protein complex TcpPH works with the membrane-bound protein complex T ...
... modulated by a hierarchy of transcriptional regulators (17). These regulators include the transcription factors AphA and AphB, which positively regulate transcription of the twocomponent regulatory system tcpPH. The membrane-bound protein complex TcpPH works with the membrane-bound protein complex T ...
Protein export elements from Lactococcus lactis
... bacteria has scarcely been studied, these bacteria are known to export several proteins, some of which are secretedinto the growth medium. Thus, lactococci export a cell wall-associatedserine proteinase essentialfor rapid growth in milk (Kok and Venerna 1988),and they secrete Usp45, a protein of unk ...
... bacteria has scarcely been studied, these bacteria are known to export several proteins, some of which are secretedinto the growth medium. Thus, lactococci export a cell wall-associatedserine proteinase essentialfor rapid growth in milk (Kok and Venerna 1988),and they secrete Usp45, a protein of unk ...
A MIAME-compliant Microarray Database
... • Let’s cluster them over our time course in the second experiment. ...
... • Let’s cluster them over our time course in the second experiment. ...
Linear Dominance Relationship among Four Class
... phenotype, usually a mutant phenotype. By using recent molecular techniques, two of Mendel’s genes have been identified (Bhattacharyya et al. 1990, Lester et al. 1997). In the case of the recessive allele on the R (rugosus) locus, there was a transposon-like insertion in a gene encoding a starch-bra ...
... phenotype, usually a mutant phenotype. By using recent molecular techniques, two of Mendel’s genes have been identified (Bhattacharyya et al. 1990, Lester et al. 1997). In the case of the recessive allele on the R (rugosus) locus, there was a transposon-like insertion in a gene encoding a starch-bra ...
Progress in the Understanding of the Genetic Etiology of Vertebral
... While heterogeneous in their clinical manifestation, a variety of morphological features of CVM is also encountered and includes hemivertebrae, vertebral bars, supernumerary vertebrae, and butterfly and wedge-shaped vertebrae.1–2 Genetic transmission in some cases of CVM has been documented with fre ...
... While heterogeneous in their clinical manifestation, a variety of morphological features of CVM is also encountered and includes hemivertebrae, vertebral bars, supernumerary vertebrae, and butterfly and wedge-shaped vertebrae.1–2 Genetic transmission in some cases of CVM has been documented with fre ...
The Role of the Susceptibility Gene in the Pathogenesis of Age
... Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss in the people over 60s in the world. There are two main types of age-related macular degeneration: dry form (atrophic) and the wet form (choroidal neovascularization, CNV) [1]. The most common type of AMD is the dry f ...
... Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss in the people over 60s in the world. There are two main types of age-related macular degeneration: dry form (atrophic) and the wet form (choroidal neovascularization, CNV) [1]. The most common type of AMD is the dry f ...
Gene
A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity. The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene–environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term ""having a gene"" (e.g., ""good genes,"" ""hair colour gene"") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.The concept of a gene continues to be refined as new phenomena are discovered. For example, regulatory regions of a gene can be far removed from its coding regions, and coding regions can be split into several exons. Some viruses store their genome in RNA instead of DNA and some gene products are functional non-coding RNAs. Therefore, a broad, modern working definition of a gene is any discrete locus of heritable, genomic sequence which affect an organism's traits by being expressed as a functional product or by regulation of gene expression.