(2006) Changes in visual receptive fields with microstimulation of
... When pairs of stimuli (oriented bars) are presented simultaneously in the receptive field (RF) of a neuron in extrastriate cortex, visual responses to the pair fall between the responses to each stimulus presented in isolation. Directing attention to one of two RF stimuli (yellow spotlight) increase ...
... When pairs of stimuli (oriented bars) are presented simultaneously in the receptive field (RF) of a neuron in extrastriate cortex, visual responses to the pair fall between the responses to each stimulus presented in isolation. Directing attention to one of two RF stimuli (yellow spotlight) increase ...
Can neuroscience reveal the true nature of consciousness?
... understanding consciousness may not be the unique solution to the problem, as it will depend on the starting point. 2. By relying on heterophenomenological observations, such as the subjects’s report about conscious experiences, we conflate consciousness with reportability. But a report, whether ver ...
... understanding consciousness may not be the unique solution to the problem, as it will depend on the starting point. 2. By relying on heterophenomenological observations, such as the subjects’s report about conscious experiences, we conflate consciousness with reportability. But a report, whether ver ...
On the importance of the transient visual response in the superior
... actions. This is because the transient visual response in the SC still propagates throughout the orienting system whether it is selected for action or not. Figure 4 illustrates the transient visual responses of an SCi visuomotor neuron (Figure 4a) and similar responses in some structures to which it ...
... actions. This is because the transient visual response in the SC still propagates throughout the orienting system whether it is selected for action or not. Figure 4 illustrates the transient visual responses of an SCi visuomotor neuron (Figure 4a) and similar responses in some structures to which it ...
Reduced brain habituation to somatosensory stimulation in patients
... compared with healthy control subjects (11,12). In addition, brain responses to painful simulation in FM patients were characterized by reduced thalamic activity relative to that in the healthy controls, which was interpreted as an abnormal inhibitory mechanism induced by persistent excitatory input ...
... compared with healthy control subjects (11,12). In addition, brain responses to painful simulation in FM patients were characterized by reduced thalamic activity relative to that in the healthy controls, which was interpreted as an abnormal inhibitory mechanism induced by persistent excitatory input ...
Serre-Poggio_ACM_R2_finalSubmission
... classification problem (red) line: One category is represented with “+” and the other with recognition must be able to finely discriminate “–”. Insets show 2D transformations (translation and scales) applied to examples from the two classes. Illustrated in panel (A) and (B) are two different represe ...
... classification problem (red) line: One category is represented with “+” and the other with recognition must be able to finely discriminate “–”. Insets show 2D transformations (translation and scales) applied to examples from the two classes. Illustrated in panel (A) and (B) are two different represe ...
Information Optimization in Coupled Audio–Visual Cortical Maps Mehran Kardar A. Zee
... In the struggle of biological organisms to survive and reproduce, processing of information is of central importance. Sensory signals provide valuable information about the external world, such as the locations of predators and preys. Localization of sources is facilitated by topographic maps of neu ...
... In the struggle of biological organisms to survive and reproduce, processing of information is of central importance. Sensory signals provide valuable information about the external world, such as the locations of predators and preys. Localization of sources is facilitated by topographic maps of neu ...
phys chapter 51 [3-20
... of frontal lobes; bilateral dysfunction or destruction makes difficult for person to unlock eyes from one point of fixation and move them to another point; usually necessary to blink or put hand over eyes for short time, allowing eyes to be moved ...
... of frontal lobes; bilateral dysfunction or destruction makes difficult for person to unlock eyes from one point of fixation and move them to another point; usually necessary to blink or put hand over eyes for short time, allowing eyes to be moved ...
KliperEtAl CIP2010
... feasibility of this class of models to explain aspects of higherlevel visual processing such as object recognition. The role of a single cell in such models is, in particular, a subject of great debate and while researchers have acknowledged the need to account for properties of invariance and speci ...
... feasibility of this class of models to explain aspects of higherlevel visual processing such as object recognition. The role of a single cell in such models is, in particular, a subject of great debate and while researchers have acknowledged the need to account for properties of invariance and speci ...
Midterm 1
... Notes: This question related to the topic of drugs and the brain covered in the readings. Though many individuals personally relate alcohol to a wide variety of effects, alcohol is defined chemically as a depressant. This means that alcohol inhibits the activity of particular regions of our nervous ...
... Notes: This question related to the topic of drugs and the brain covered in the readings. Though many individuals personally relate alcohol to a wide variety of effects, alcohol is defined chemically as a depressant. This means that alcohol inhibits the activity of particular regions of our nervous ...
THE TELL-TALE BRAIN:
... phantom has been resurrected. Moving the real hand causes the phantom to appear to move, and it then feels like it is moving—sometimes for the first time in years. In many patients this exercise relieves the phantom cramp and associated pain. In clinical trials, mirror visual feedback has also been ...
... phantom has been resurrected. Moving the real hand causes the phantom to appear to move, and it then feels like it is moving—sometimes for the first time in years. In many patients this exercise relieves the phantom cramp and associated pain. In clinical trials, mirror visual feedback has also been ...
Synchronized Activities among Retinal Ganglion Cells in Response
... (RGCs) to encode visual stimuli. In the present study, we studied synchronized activities among RGCs in response to natural movie and pseudo-random checker-board flickering. The results showed that nearby RGCs tended to fire synchronously much more frequently than expected by chance, in response to ...
... (RGCs) to encode visual stimuli. In the present study, we studied synchronized activities among RGCs in response to natural movie and pseudo-random checker-board flickering. The results showed that nearby RGCs tended to fire synchronously much more frequently than expected by chance, in response to ...
Rose F. Kennedy Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
... Multisensory interactions have been widely reported in primary auditory, visual and somatosensory cortices. How do these interactions operate? Several lines of evidence indicate that these effects predominantly reflect an interaction of a driving input (i.e., one that causes local cortical neurons t ...
... Multisensory interactions have been widely reported in primary auditory, visual and somatosensory cortices. How do these interactions operate? Several lines of evidence indicate that these effects predominantly reflect an interaction of a driving input (i.e., one that causes local cortical neurons t ...
Article Page 08.27.20+
... is then used in a feedforward manner to react quickly to incoming stimuli. Having such a system allows the brain to overcome time delays inherent in a strictly feedback system. The unimaginable catches by close-to-the-wicket fielders in cricket and the extremely quick reactions by goaltenders in ice ...
... is then used in a feedforward manner to react quickly to incoming stimuli. Having such a system allows the brain to overcome time delays inherent in a strictly feedback system. The unimaginable catches by close-to-the-wicket fielders in cricket and the extremely quick reactions by goaltenders in ice ...
`What` and `where` in the human brain
... MST, and thence to areas in parietal cortex, new types of directional selectivity emerge. For example, whereas cells in Vl are sensitive to the direction of motion of the Fourier components of a complex pattern, many MT cells are sensitive to the global motion of the pattern, that is, the vector sum ...
... MST, and thence to areas in parietal cortex, new types of directional selectivity emerge. For example, whereas cells in Vl are sensitive to the direction of motion of the Fourier components of a complex pattern, many MT cells are sensitive to the global motion of the pattern, that is, the vector sum ...
Lateral Geniculate nucleus
... The axons of ganglion cells exit the eyes via the optic nerve, partially cross at the optic chiasm, and form two optic tracts, so that the right and left hemifields reach the left and right ...
... The axons of ganglion cells exit the eyes via the optic nerve, partially cross at the optic chiasm, and form two optic tracts, so that the right and left hemifields reach the left and right ...
21 June 2001
... on the belief that spatial neglect in humans (a lack of awareness of space on the side of the body contralateral to a brain injury) is typically associated with lesions of the posterior parietal lobe. However, in monkeys, this disorder is observed after lesions of the superior temporal cortex1, a pu ...
... on the belief that spatial neglect in humans (a lack of awareness of space on the side of the body contralateral to a brain injury) is typically associated with lesions of the posterior parietal lobe. However, in monkeys, this disorder is observed after lesions of the superior temporal cortex1, a pu ...
PDF
... of visual space near the body and tactile space on the body [78’]. The position of the arm can also influence the symptoms of neglect. In one experiment involving cross-modal extinction [79*], subjects were asked to detect a tactile stimulus applied to the hand contralateral to the lesion. When a vi ...
... of visual space near the body and tactile space on the body [78’]. The position of the arm can also influence the symptoms of neglect. In one experiment involving cross-modal extinction [79*], subjects were asked to detect a tactile stimulus applied to the hand contralateral to the lesion. When a vi ...
2) Classical Conditioning
... itself, it elicits or causes the CR (which is the same involuntary response as the UR; the name changes because it is elicited by a different stimulus. This is written CS elicits > CR. In classical conditioning no new behaviors are learned. Instead, an association is developed (through pairing) betw ...
... itself, it elicits or causes the CR (which is the same involuntary response as the UR; the name changes because it is elicited by a different stimulus. This is written CS elicits > CR. In classical conditioning no new behaviors are learned. Instead, an association is developed (through pairing) betw ...
The Problem of Consciousness by Francis Crick and
... Visual theorists would also agree that seeing is a constructive process, one in which the brain has to carry out complex activities (sometimes called computations) in order to decide which interpretation to adopt of the ambiguous visual input. “Computation” implies that the brain acts to form a symb ...
... Visual theorists would also agree that seeing is a constructive process, one in which the brain has to carry out complex activities (sometimes called computations) in order to decide which interpretation to adopt of the ambiguous visual input. “Computation” implies that the brain acts to form a symb ...
Gestalt Issues in Modern Neuroscience
... Ganzfeld by Metzger, 1930, and of figure-ground segregation by Ehrenstein, 1930) is the need for sufficient contrast of the visual stimulus. Unless the contrast of a stimulus is above threshold (absolute or differential), Gestalt factors cannot act on it. In order for structural (Gestalt) laws to be ...
... Ganzfeld by Metzger, 1930, and of figure-ground segregation by Ehrenstein, 1930) is the need for sufficient contrast of the visual stimulus. Unless the contrast of a stimulus is above threshold (absolute or differential), Gestalt factors cannot act on it. In order for structural (Gestalt) laws to be ...
Binding Mechanisms in Visual Perception
... Supèr et al (2001) observed that area V1 has two different processing modes corresponding to figure and ground information processing, and there exits significant contexture modulation between these two modes if figure is more salient in its background. One of the other experiments was studied by L ...
... Supèr et al (2001) observed that area V1 has two different processing modes corresponding to figure and ground information processing, and there exits significant contexture modulation between these two modes if figure is more salient in its background. One of the other experiments was studied by L ...
Interactions between Motivation, Emotion and Attention: From
... the behavior itself. It is possible that the approach system produces a behavior directed at the stimulus currently in focus even without emotional activation, but it will be less vigorous and will habituate if it does not lead to a reward (Balkenius, 2000). ...
... the behavior itself. It is possible that the approach system produces a behavior directed at the stimulus currently in focus even without emotional activation, but it will be less vigorous and will habituate if it does not lead to a reward (Balkenius, 2000). ...
Interactions between Motivation, Emotion and Attention: From
... the behavior itself. It is possible that the approach system produces a behavior directed at the stimulus currently in focus even without emotional activation, but it will be less vigorous and will habituate if it does not lead to a reward (Balkenius, 2000). ...
... the behavior itself. It is possible that the approach system produces a behavior directed at the stimulus currently in focus even without emotional activation, but it will be less vigorous and will habituate if it does not lead to a reward (Balkenius, 2000). ...
The neural mechanisms of top- down attentional control
... events that are relevant to our immediate goals. Spatial attention, the selective direction of visual attention toward a location, can occur covertly, without overt movements of the head or eyes. Theoretically, mechanisms of covert, voluntary spatial attention can be decomposed into elementary menta ...
... events that are relevant to our immediate goals. Spatial attention, the selective direction of visual attention toward a location, can occur covertly, without overt movements of the head or eyes. Theoretically, mechanisms of covert, voluntary spatial attention can be decomposed into elementary menta ...
T2 - Center for Neural Basis of Cognition
... ipsilateral to the stimulus. Remapped activity is present in human parietal, extrastriate and striate cortex. Remapped visual signals are more prevalent at higher levels of the visual system hierarchy. Remapping occurs in parietal and visual cortex in a split brain ...
... ipsilateral to the stimulus. Remapped activity is present in human parietal, extrastriate and striate cortex. Remapped visual signals are more prevalent at higher levels of the visual system hierarchy. Remapping occurs in parietal and visual cortex in a split brain ...
Visual extinction
Visual extinction is a neurological disorder which occurs following damage to the parietal lobe of the brain. It is similar to, but distinct from, hemispatial neglect. Visual extinction has the characteristic symptom of difficulty to perceive contralesional stimuli when presented simultaneously with an ipsilesional stimulus, but the ability to correctly identify them when not presented simultaneously. Under simultaneous presentation, the contralesional stimulus is apparently ignored by the patient, or extinguished. This deficiency may lead to difficulty on behalf of the patient with processing the stimuli’s 3D position.