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chemical reaction
chemical reaction

... • A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances. • In any chemical reaction, the original substances are known as the reactants and the resulting substances are known as the products. • According to the law of conservation of mas ...
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mc_ch08 - MrBrownsChem1LCHS

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... stomach) is neutral or even slightly basic. Eg. pH of blood and many other body fluids is maintained within a very narrow range of pH, around 7.40 (from 7.31 to 7.42). Therefore, in fields such as hydrochemistry, geochemistry and biochemistry, it is useful to convert standard potentials to pH = 7. T ...
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... We can replace the words with chemical formula, which can be worked out using the rules of valency and by knowing which elements form diatomic molecules. The equation above becomes Na + Cl2 ...
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Chemical thermodynamics



Chemical thermodynamics is the study of the interrelation of heat and work with chemical reactions or with physical changes of state within the confines of the laws of thermodynamics. Chemical thermodynamics involves not only laboratory measurements of various thermodynamic properties, but also the application of mathematical methods to the study of chemical questions and the spontaneity of processes.The structure of chemical thermodynamics is based on the first two laws of thermodynamics. Starting from the first and second laws of thermodynamics, four equations called the ""fundamental equations of Gibbs"" can be derived. From these four, a multitude of equations, relating the thermodynamic properties of the thermodynamic system can be derived using relatively simple mathematics. This outlines the mathematical framework of chemical thermodynamics.
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