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ap-thermochemistry - Waukee Community School District Blogs
ap-thermochemistry - Waukee Community School District Blogs

... same, but its sign changes.  When the balanced equation for a reaction is multiplied by an integer, the value of ΔH for that reaction must be multiplied by the ...
Thermochemistry Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its
Thermochemistry Thermodynamics is the study of energy and its

... Part 3. The heat of neutralization of HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq) Place 50.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl(aq) and the stir bar in the calorimeter, and 50.0 mL of 1.00 M NaOH(aq) in a graduated cylinder. Measure the temperature of the HCl and the NaOH with the thermometer. The two solutions should be at the same temper ...
H o - CashmereChemistry
H o - CashmereChemistry

... 1. Write the data in the form of equations 2. Rewrite the equations to give the desired species on the correct side of the equation. If the reaction must be reversed (perhaps because we require a species to be a reactant and not a product) then the sign of the H must also be ...
Chapter 5 Thermochemistry
Chapter 5 Thermochemistry

11 BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS 1. 2 K + 1
11 BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATIONS 1. 2 K + 1

... Convert the following into a balanced chemical equation: Hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed by Manganese IV Oxide decomposes to form water & Oxygen gas. ...
Review Worksheet
Review Worksheet

... b) Ideal gases consist of small particles (molecules or atoms) that are far apart in comparison to their own size. The molecules of a gas are very __________ compared to the distances between them. c) These particles are considered to be dimensionless points which occupy zero volume. The volume of r ...
Chapter 4,5,6
Chapter 4,5,6

... 3. A 0.500 L sample of H2SO4 solution was analyzed by taking a 100.0 mL portion and adding 50.0 mL of 0.213 M NaOH. After the reaction occurred, an excess of OH- ions remained in the solution. The excess base required 13.21 mL of 0.103 M HCl for neutralization. Calculate the molarity of the original ...
LECTURE 5 - CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
LECTURE 5 - CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

... must be altered so that K remains constant. Because [B] has increased, the reaction must proceed to the right, thus reducing both [A] and [B], and increasing [C] and [D]. When the right side is equal to the original value, the system is again at equilibrium. If more C had been added to the original ...
Brønsted acid
Brønsted acid

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materials required/recommended for this paper
materials required/recommended for this paper

... A salt bridge allows ions to move between half-cells. A salt bridge prevents build up of charge in half-cells. A salt bridge is an optional component of a galvanic cell. A salt bridge takes no part in the chemical reaction occurring in either half-cell. ...
Chemical Reactions - thsicp-23
Chemical Reactions - thsicp-23

... Products in combustion are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water. (although incomplete burning does cause some byproducts like carbon monoxide) Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18) ...
Second Year Chemistry
Second Year Chemistry

... through a heating coil immersed in the boiling liquid, it is found that the temperature remains constant but 4.33 g of ethanol is vapourised. What is the enthalpy of vapourisation of ethanol at its boiling point at 1 atm?  Calculate the standard enthalpy of sublimation of ice at 0°C given that fus ...
2002 local exam - Virginia Section
2002 local exam - Virginia Section

... C(s) + CO2(g) == 2CO(g) H = 120kJ 67. Which of the following will shift the equilibrium to the product? (A) add more C(s) (B) decrease the temperature (C) decrease the pressure on the system (D) add more CO2(g) 68. The equilibrium constant expression is: ...
Chapter 3 - Whitwell High School
Chapter 3 - Whitwell High School

... • When you mix the tasty pancakes, do you always make the amount that the box predicts is possible? • Or, when baking cookies…it says you can make 3 dozen do you really? Or do you eat some dough? ...
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homework assignment - Global Change Program

... calculate residence time. For our current atmosphere, consider that we are at steady state with respect to oxygen. Remember to interpret the residence time in light of the question “what would it take to disturb or change this system?” B. Equation of Photosynthesis and Respiration: CO2 + H2O  CH2O ...
Evidence for the Predominance of Condensed Phase Reaction in
Evidence for the Predominance of Condensed Phase Reaction in

... other heavy hydrocarbon sources, with minimal energy penalty.1 By employing metal oxides as the oxygen carrier there is potential for CO2 as the only gas phase reaction product (with air as the oxidizer N2 gas and other nitrogen containing species are prominent), enabling easier sequestration. The m ...
Sample Exam 1 Key
Sample Exam 1 Key

Chemical reaction model:
Chemical reaction model:

... The process of natural oxidative degradation takes years and it is not possible to wait that long for data to be available when testing new materials. Hence, the oxidation of polymer is frequently carried at elevated temperature and pressure of oxygen. Elevation in temperature and pressure leads to ...
Unit 4 - Calculations and Chemical Reactions
Unit 4 - Calculations and Chemical Reactions

... Some examples are shown below: 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s) SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq) II) Decomposition Reactions In a decomposition reaction, a reactant splits into two or more simpler products. The general form of the reaction is (AB → A + B). Some examples are shown below ...
Practice Toxins Mid-Unit Test 08-09
Practice Toxins Mid-Unit Test 08-09

... ______1. What type of reaction is this? Ag (s) + CuI2 (aq)  AgI (s) + Cu(s) (A) single displacement (B) double displacement (C) combination reaction (D) decomposition reaction ______2.Calcium Chloride is abbreviated (A) CaCl (C) Ca2Cl (B) CaCl2 (D) Cl2Ca ______3. What is the molarity of 3.5 moles o ...
Nothing Lost, Nothing Gained
Nothing Lost, Nothing Gained

... the ashes from the burned paper. Let's add up the thing we wrote above . . . H and H are H2. Now just add an O and we will get H2O or . . . water! See? That was not too hard. ...
Name ……………………………..………...… …….. Index No
Name ……………………………..………...… …….. Index No

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Bioorthogonal chemistry



The term bioorthogonal chemistry refers to any chemical reaction that can occur inside of living systems without interfering with native biochemical processes. The term was coined by Carolyn R. Bertozzi in 2003. Since its introduction, the concept of the bioorthogonal reaction has enabled the study of biomolecules such as glycans, proteins, and lipids in real time in living systems without cellular toxicity. A number of chemical ligation strategies have been developed that fulfill the requirements of bioorthogonality, including the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azides and cyclooctynes (also termed copper-free click chemistry), between nitrones and cyclooctynes, oxime/hydrazone formation from aldehydes and ketones, the tetrazine ligation, the isocyanide-based click reaction, and most recently, the quadricyclane ligation.The use of bioorthogonal chemistry typically proceeds in two steps. First, a cellular substrate is modified with a bioorthogonal functional group (chemical reporter) and introduced to the cell; substrates include metabolites, enzyme inhibitors, etc. The chemical reporter must not alter the structure of the substrate dramatically to avoid affecting its bioactivity. Secondly, a probe containing the complementary functional group is introduced to react and label the substrate.Although effective bioorthogonal reactions such as copper-free click chemistry have been developed, development of new reactions continues to generate orthogonal methods for labeling to allow multiple methods of labeling to be used in the same biosystems.
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