F324 summary - Macmillan Academy
... Hydrolysis and degradable polymers • Condensation polymers have chemical groups that are vulnerable to chemical attack from either acids or alkalis – polyesters (ester group) and polyamides (amide group). This process is known as hydrolysis and results in the breakdown of the polymer. • Disposing o ...
... Hydrolysis and degradable polymers • Condensation polymers have chemical groups that are vulnerable to chemical attack from either acids or alkalis – polyesters (ester group) and polyamides (amide group). This process is known as hydrolysis and results in the breakdown of the polymer. • Disposing o ...
Acids, Bases, and pH
... An Acid is a substance that donates one or more H+ ions (protons) to another substance (called a base). Some examples of acids are HCl, H2SO4, and HC2H3O2. Notice that all of these compounds have at least one H atom in the front of their formulas. This H atom is donated as an H+ ion when the acid re ...
... An Acid is a substance that donates one or more H+ ions (protons) to another substance (called a base). Some examples of acids are HCl, H2SO4, and HC2H3O2. Notice that all of these compounds have at least one H atom in the front of their formulas. This H atom is donated as an H+ ion when the acid re ...
Section 4.8: Acid-Base Reactions
... determined. This latter case is the basis for solution standardization. A standard solution is one that has a concentration known precisely, often to four significant figures. Generally, a solution is standardized by placing a portion of it in a buret and measuring the volume of it required to react ...
... determined. This latter case is the basis for solution standardization. A standard solution is one that has a concentration known precisely, often to four significant figures. Generally, a solution is standardized by placing a portion of it in a buret and measuring the volume of it required to react ...
Water and Aqueous Solutions - Chemistry at Winthrop University
... and their anions (conjugate base) • Buffers resist change in pH • At pH = pKa, there is a 50:50 mixture of acid and ...
... and their anions (conjugate base) • Buffers resist change in pH • At pH = pKa, there is a 50:50 mixture of acid and ...
JF CH 1101 General and Physical Chemistry 2013
... Have complete dissociation into solvated ions. E.g. KCl K+(aq) + Cl-(aq). Weak (potential) electrolytes : Have partial (incomplete) dissociation into ions. E.g. CH3COOH CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq). • The magnitude of the conductivity exhibited by the ionic solution depends on a number of factors. • n ...
... Have complete dissociation into solvated ions. E.g. KCl K+(aq) + Cl-(aq). Weak (potential) electrolytes : Have partial (incomplete) dissociation into ions. E.g. CH3COOH CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq). • The magnitude of the conductivity exhibited by the ionic solution depends on a number of factors. • n ...
Chem 1711 Review Exam 2
... A solution of hydrochloric acid was prepared by measuring 10.00 mL of concentrated acid into a 1.000 L volumetric flask and adding water to the mark. Another solution was prepared by adding 0.530 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate to a 100.0 mL volumetric flask and adding water to the mark. Then, 25.00 ...
... A solution of hydrochloric acid was prepared by measuring 10.00 mL of concentrated acid into a 1.000 L volumetric flask and adding water to the mark. Another solution was prepared by adding 0.530 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate to a 100.0 mL volumetric flask and adding water to the mark. Then, 25.00 ...
Review
... species in all phases must be equal to each other Processes move from a higher chemical potential to a lower one. Expression for the molar Gibbs free energy, the chemical potential, of a gas Calculation of the Equilibrium Constant from Gorxn or the reverse of this. Calculating the Temp dependence ...
... species in all phases must be equal to each other Processes move from a higher chemical potential to a lower one. Expression for the molar Gibbs free energy, the chemical potential, of a gas Calculation of the Equilibrium Constant from Gorxn or the reverse of this. Calculating the Temp dependence ...
ch8 - Otterville R-VI School District
... organize reactants and products Be sure to include symbols showing states of each reactant and product Be sure to write the correct formula ...
... organize reactants and products Be sure to include symbols showing states of each reactant and product Be sure to write the correct formula ...
Al + Ag+ Al3+ + Ag
... voltage deviate from zero is the fact that the two half-cells have different concentrations of ions. These values create a voltage in the "lnQ" term. If you are interested in the voltage qualitatively, think and use LeChatelier's principle. Believe it or not but this concept relates to how a pH mete ...
... voltage deviate from zero is the fact that the two half-cells have different concentrations of ions. These values create a voltage in the "lnQ" term. If you are interested in the voltage qualitatively, think and use LeChatelier's principle. Believe it or not but this concept relates to how a pH mete ...
X012/11/02
... 3 Check that the answer sheet you have been given has your name, date of birth, SCN (Scottish Candidate Number) and Centre Name printed on it. Do not change any of these details. 4 If any of this information is wrong, tell the Invigilator immediately. 5 If this information is correct, pr ...
... 3 Check that the answer sheet you have been given has your name, date of birth, SCN (Scottish Candidate Number) and Centre Name printed on it. Do not change any of these details. 4 If any of this information is wrong, tell the Invigilator immediately. 5 If this information is correct, pr ...
Related concepts Concentration cells without transport
... Concentration cells without transport, electromotive force, salt bridge, liquid junction and diffusion potentials. Principle A concentration cell is constructed from two half-cells which are identical, except that the concentration of the ionic species to which the electrode is sensitive is differen ...
... Concentration cells without transport, electromotive force, salt bridge, liquid junction and diffusion potentials. Principle A concentration cell is constructed from two half-cells which are identical, except that the concentration of the ionic species to which the electrode is sensitive is differen ...
Problem Set 2
... Then indicate: a) The oxidation step: ----------------------------------------------------b) The reduction step: ------------------------------------------------------c) The oxidizing agent: ------------------------------------------------------d) The reducing agent: -------------------------------- ...
... Then indicate: a) The oxidation step: ----------------------------------------------------b) The reduction step: ------------------------------------------------------c) The oxidizing agent: ------------------------------------------------------d) The reducing agent: -------------------------------- ...
Specification
... Amount of Substance This is a physical quantity, symbol n (italic n), measured in a unit called the mole, which has the abbreviation mol. The term, ‘number of moles’ is to be avoided. The term, ‘amount of substance in moles’ is preferred. In the same manner, the size of an object can be described in ...
... Amount of Substance This is a physical quantity, symbol n (italic n), measured in a unit called the mole, which has the abbreviation mol. The term, ‘number of moles’ is to be avoided. The term, ‘amount of substance in moles’ is preferred. In the same manner, the size of an object can be described in ...
Solution
... A 0.5662-g sample of an ionic compound containing chloride ions and an unknown metal is dissolved in water and treated with an excess of AgNO3. If 1.0882 g of AgCl precipitate forms, what is the percent by mass of Cl in the original compound? ...
... A 0.5662-g sample of an ionic compound containing chloride ions and an unknown metal is dissolved in water and treated with an excess of AgNO3. If 1.0882 g of AgCl precipitate forms, what is the percent by mass of Cl in the original compound? ...
Wet Corrosion Conditions for Wet Corrosion Just as we live in an
... Electrochemical attack, the scientific name for wet corrosion, depends on three circumstances occurring simultaneously. This might seem restrictive, but the evidence of wet corrosion that we see all around us proves that these conditions are easily met. Rates of mass loss by wet corrosion may be tho ...
... Electrochemical attack, the scientific name for wet corrosion, depends on three circumstances occurring simultaneously. This might seem restrictive, but the evidence of wet corrosion that we see all around us proves that these conditions are easily met. Rates of mass loss by wet corrosion may be tho ...
Chemistry primer Atom = the smallest unit of an element Element
... Streak: Color in power form. This is more reliable than color due to uniformit y of grains. Color: Determined by the composition (chemical formula) but it can also be affected by impurities. This is why color is a poor mineral identifier. Fracture: How a mineral breaks across cleavage planes. Relate ...
... Streak: Color in power form. This is more reliable than color due to uniformit y of grains. Color: Determined by the composition (chemical formula) but it can also be affected by impurities. This is why color is a poor mineral identifier. Fracture: How a mineral breaks across cleavage planes. Relate ...
1. (a) Write the electronic structure of a manganese atom and a Mn
... potassium manganate(VII) solution. In the reaction iron(II) ions are oxidised to iron(III) ions. If a solution contains both iron(II) and iron(III) ions, the concentration of each ion can be found by: • titrating samples of the original solution with standard potassium manganate(VII) solution • reac ...
... potassium manganate(VII) solution. In the reaction iron(II) ions are oxidised to iron(III) ions. If a solution contains both iron(II) and iron(III) ions, the concentration of each ion can be found by: • titrating samples of the original solution with standard potassium manganate(VII) solution • reac ...
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Second review [Compatibility Mode]
... When 0.0300 mol of Na was added to 100.0 g of water, the temperature of the resulting solution rose from 25.0 oC to 37.9 oC. If the specific heat of the solution was 4.18 J g-1 K-1, calculate ? H, in kJ, for the reaction as written. ...
... When 0.0300 mol of Na was added to 100.0 g of water, the temperature of the resulting solution rose from 25.0 oC to 37.9 oC. If the specific heat of the solution was 4.18 J g-1 K-1, calculate ? H, in kJ, for the reaction as written. ...
PH
In chemistry, pH (/piːˈeɪtʃ/) is a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. It is the negative of the logarithm to base 10 of the activity of the hydrogen ion. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline or basic. Pure water is neutral, being neither an acid nor a base. Contrary to popular belief, the pH value can be less than 0 or greater than 14 for very strong acids and bases respectively.pH measurements are important in medicine, biology, chemistry, agriculture, forestry, food science, environmental science, oceanography, civil engineering, chemical engineering, nutrition, water treatment & water purification, and many other applications. The pH scale is traceable to a set of standard solutions whose pH is established by international agreement.Primary pH standard values are determined using a concentration cell with transference, by measuring the potential difference between a hydrogen electrode and a standard electrode such as the silver chloride electrode.The pH of aqueous solutions can be measured with a glass electrode and a pH meter, or indicator.pH is the negative of the logarithm to base 10 of the activity of the (solvated) hydronium ion, more often (albeit somewhat inaccurately) expressed as the measure of the hydronium ion concentration.The rest of this article uses the technically correct word ""base"" and its inflections in place of ""alkaline"", which specifically refers to a base dissolved in water, and its inflections.