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File - Chicago`s Nature Education
File - Chicago`s Nature Education

... been encountered by students already! Carduus nutans is an invasive weed that has become widespread in US lawns, and has Eurasian origins. This would be a good time to discuss with students the possible damages of exotic species--this weed has invaded pastures and forest lands, leading to competitio ...
areading 10
areading 10

... Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow. ...
Essay: “Old Growth Forests”
Essay: “Old Growth Forests”

... impacts of logging or subsequent exposure to more intense sunlight (which accelerates organic decomposition  and also dries the litter sufficiently to allow wind erosion). Rain drops are no longer dispersed by collisions  with leaves and branches and re able to cause both the physical disruption of ...
Lecture: Concepts of Regeneration
Lecture: Concepts of Regeneration

... • Only old stands have sawtimber sized trees • Small trees have short live crown length when compared to total height • Largest trees often have 25-40 percent live crown, depending on stand ...
USA: Mississippi Valley Reforestation
USA: Mississippi Valley Reforestation

... the interplanted forest holds twice as many migratory birds than a comparable field planted with just hardwoods. It is estimated that 40% of North America’s waterfowl and 60% of all bird species migrate along the ...
Environmental-Science-Jeopardy
Environmental-Science-Jeopardy

... Ants collect food made from the Acacia tree and protect the tree from potential predators. The tree has learned to produce this food and ants learned how to protect the tree over a long period of time. What kind of relationship is this? ...
Environmental Science Jeopardy
Environmental Science Jeopardy

... Ants collect food made from the Acacia tree and protect the tree from potential predators. The tree has learned to produce this food and ants learned how to protect the tree over a long period of time. What kind of relationship is this? ...
GLOSSARY These definitions reflect the use of these terms in West
GLOSSARY These definitions reflect the use of these terms in West

... DIAMETER AT BREAST HEIGHT (DBH) - A measuring point on a tree made at 4.5 feet above the ground on the uphill side. DIAMETER CLASSES - A group of trees or logs of similar sizes at a common point. Usually in two-inch increments at DBH for trees and one-inch increments inside the bark on the small end ...
Glossary
Glossary

... Deliberately set, carefully controlled surface fires that reduce flammable litter and decrease the chances of damaging crown fires. See ground fire, surface fire. ...
Dodge Point Public Reserved Land
Dodge Point Public Reserved Land

... three leaflets that make up one compound leaf. The leaflets, often shiny, are typically two to four inches long with a few blunt teeth or small lobes. The middle leaflet has a short but noticeable stem and is slightly larger than the two side leaflets. The two side leaflets are asymmetrical, with on ...
Lankford - ECOSHARE
Lankford - ECOSHARE

... retained should be aggregates of moderate to larger size (0.2 to 1 hectare or more) with the remainder as dispersed structures (individual trees, and possibly including smaller clumps). To the extent possible, patches & dispersed retention should include the largest, oldest live trees, decadent or l ...
Lecture: Concepts of Regeneration
Lecture: Concepts of Regeneration

... • Only old stands have sawtimber sized trees • Small trees have short live crown length when compared to total height • Largest trees often have 25-40 percent live crown, depending on stand ...
A Rare Rainforest - Lynn Canyon Ecology Centre
A Rare Rainforest - Lynn Canyon Ecology Centre

... The temperate rainforest of Lynn Canyon Park represents one of the earth’s most biologically productive ecosystems. The moderate temperature, mild climate and abundant rainfall create an environment that is ideal for growing big coniferous trees. The average rainfall in Lynn Canyon Park is more than ...
- Right to Food Map
- Right to Food Map

... improved practices through farmer field schools under Kisumu County Government agricultural programs, and from research and development institutions. Water pans have increased water availability for my crops and livestock. Although manual pumping of water using the Money Maker Pump is involving, my ...
tree crop interactions in agroforestry
tree crop interactions in agroforestry

... production and exertion of toxic chemical compounds is called allelopathy. Allelopathy is the indirect harmful effect through exertion of chemical substances. Allelopathic substance was first detected by Davis (1928) in black walnut tree (Juglans nigra) whose foliar leachate containing Juglone was f ...
Kenya background paper 2
Kenya background paper 2

... Varieties of tree species may contain valuable characteristics which can benefit agricultural production and provide genetic diversity. ...
File
File

... • Some Deciduous trees even keep their leaves through the winter. For example, a few species of oak, have desiccated (dried out) leaves that remain on the tree through winter. • These leaves are called marcescent leaves and are dropped in the spring as new growth begins. ...
Past, Present, and Future Tree Canopy Conditions in San Mateo
Past, Present, and Future Tree Canopy Conditions in San Mateo

... • Oak woodlands and chaparral -- diminished and made sparser as a result of development • Oak woodland evolved to oak savannah in some places because of the reduced water availability in areas like West Menlo Park and North Fair Oaks Photo from Wikipedia ...
chapter10
chapter10

... Disadvantages ...
Scattered paddock trees - Central West Local Land Services
Scattered paddock trees - Central West Local Land Services

... wax and pollination, although feral bees can exclude native fauna from tree hollows. ...
Conservation Management Notes - Revegetation
Conservation Management Notes - Revegetation

... Depending on plant availability and weed control needs, it may be best to plant all layers at once, or to let either trees or shrubs and groundcovers establish first. Weed control and watering are critical while the plants are establishing — planting may need to be done in stages so that maintenance ...
Tropical rainforest. The tropical rain forest is a forest of tall trees in a
Tropical rainforest. The tropical rain forest is a forest of tall trees in a

... of decomposing leaf litter. Various species of decomposers like insects, bacteria, and fungi make quick work of turning dead plant and animal matter into nutrients. Plants take up these nutrients the moment they are released. A study in the Amazon rainforest found that 99% of nutrients are held in r ...
February 4, 2010 - Rochester Community Schools
February 4, 2010 - Rochester Community Schools

... uses one resource at the same time – Food – Reproduction (competition within population) – Shelter – Water ...
Review sheet chapters 8, 9 and 10
Review sheet chapters 8, 9 and 10

... 1. State the biome being described for each statement Where fresh and marine water mix Produces a large amount of the world’s oxygen Current flows in 1 direction Has permafrost Warm during the day and cold at night Sensitive to fire, insects and disease Defined by altitude The largest ecosystem Rain ...
Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach
Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

... G. Accidental and deliberate introductions of forest diseases and insects are a major threat to forests. H. Climate change threatens many forests. 1. Some species are sensitive to heat. 2. Insects and disease may move into forests where they weren’t previously found. 3. Drier conditions exacerbate t ...
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Farmer-managed natural regeneration

Farmer-managed natural regeneration (FMNR) is a low-cost, sustainable land-restoration technique used to combat poverty and hunger amongst poor subsistence farmers in developing countries by increasing food and timber production, and resilience to climate extremes. It involves the systematic regeneration and management of trees and shrubs from tree stumps, roots and seeds.FMNR is especially applicable, but not restricted to, the dryland tropics. As well as returning degraded croplands and grazing lands to productivity, it can be used to restore degraded forests, thereby reversing biodiversity loss and reducing vulnerability to climate change. FMNR can also play an important role in maintaining not-yet-degraded landscapes in a productive state, especially when combined with other sustainable land management practices such as conservation agriculture on cropland and holistic management on rangelands.FMNR adapts centuries-old methods of woodland management, called coppicing and pollarding, to produce continuous tree-growth for fuel, building materials, food and fodder without the need for frequent and costly replanting. On farmland, selected trees are trimmed and pruned to maximise growth while promoting optimal growing conditions for annual crops (such as access to water and sunlight). When FMNR trees are integrated into crops and grazing pastures there is an increase in crop yields, soil fertility and organic matter, soil moisture and leaf fodder. There is also a decrease in wind and heat damage, and soil erosion.In the Sahel region of Africa, FMNR has become a potent tool in increasing food security, resilience and climate change adaptation in poor, subsistence farming communities where much of sub-Saharan Africa’s poverty exists. FMNR is also being promoted in East Timor, Indonesia and Myanmar.FMNR complements the evergreen agriculture, conservation agriculture and agroforestry movements. It is considered a good entry point for resource-poor and risk-averse farmers to adopt a low-cost and low-risk technique. This in turn has acted as a stepping stone to greater agricultural intensification as farmers become more receptive to new ideas.
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