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to article - Kalfou
to article - Kalfou

... a color-blind ideology. Crenshaw argues that through the “willful inattention to the historical operations of white supremacy, contemporary race hierarchy is . . . represented as a natural outgrowth of cultural disability and economic dependence.”21 Collectively, these ideologies have negative socia ...
The Political Market for Criminal Justice
The Political Market for Criminal Justice

... Western world and a dramatic increase from just three decades ago. Not only are more people serving time, but sentences have markedly length­ ...
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335

... 5350. Seminar in Contemporary Policing. 3 hours. Survey of classical and recent literature in policing. Studies of the trends, issues and reform movements currently prominent in the field of policing. 5450. Punishment, Discipline and Social Policy. 3 hours. Theoretical and practical bases of correct ...
INT_CERD_NGO_USA_17603_E
INT_CERD_NGO_USA_17603_E

... property without legislative authorization. This clause has also been used by the federal judiciary to make most of the Bill of Rights applicable to the states, as well as to recognize substantive and procedural requirements that state laws must satisfy. The Equal Protection Clause requires each sta ...
Targeting Blacks - Human Rights Watch
Targeting Blacks - Human Rights Watch

... The 59,535 adult African Americans who entered prison with drug convictions in 2003 in the 34 reporting states form just part of the unknown numbers of African Americans who have been incarcerated over the past two-and-a-half decades at rates greatly disproportionate to whites.7 Since the mid-1980s ...
Civil Justice for Victims of Crime in Georgia
Civil Justice for Victims of Crime in Georgia

... offenders directly accountable to victims. These suits give victims their “day in court,” regardless of whether there was a criminal conviction or any prosecution at all. ...
Criminal Justice Reform Strategy
Criminal Justice Reform Strategy

... rehabilitation and reintegration activities, strengthen legal guarantees of prisoners, and enhance conditional release system as well as to ensure continuous professional development of the personnel. ...
RCJ Mono - International Organization for Victim Assistance
RCJ Mono - International Organization for Victim Assistance

... more than the responsibilities of citizenship that we should all assume in the justice arena. As citizens (and victims), we should report violations of the social order to the proper authorities, at least when we believe it safe to do so; we should support legal change to improve the administration ...
Substance Abuse Treatment and Public Safety
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... Using the year 2000 as a baseline for drug possession prison admissions, a Justice Policy Institute (JPI) report estimated that the state saved more than $350 million from 2000 to June 2006 (the end of the initiative’s funding) by using drug treatment as an alternative to prison.27 (Researchers took ...
Lower Crime Rates and Prisoner Recidivism
Lower Crime Rates and Prisoner Recidivism

... different way. In addition to being exposed to this problem in class, I witnessed the problem of recidivism at large at my internship at the Federal Probation Office in the Southern District of New York. Meeting the probationers, hearing about their difficulties, and seeing some return to prison, is ...
People With Serious Mental Illness in the Criminal Justice System
People With Serious Mental Illness in the Criminal Justice System

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN

... Both powder and cocaine and crack cocaine are potentially addictive. (See Chapter 2.) The risk and severity of addiction to cocaine is directly related to the method by which the drug is administered into the body, rather than the form of the drug. Smoking or injecting any drug, including cocaine, g ...
prevención del delito
prevención del delito

... The importance of an evidence-based approach in the current Spanish policy for crime prevention Vicente Garrido, David P. Farrington* and Brandon C. Welsh** University of Valencia, * University of Cambridge and ** University of Massachusetts Lowell This introductory paper has two objectives. On the ...
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Multiple Pathways of Recovery for African American Men
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... have lots of recovery work to do. All my life I hated the fact that my skin was so much darker than my siblings. I started talking to other African American men in long-term recovery about this and discovered that I was not alone. Eight African American men in long-term recovery and I decided to tak ...
An examination of the national trends in drug use
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... and young adults show no statistically significant difference between the 1998 and 1999 numbers of new users. The number of new users among those aged 18 to 25 (53,000) was larger than the number among those aged 12 to 17 (34,000), as has been the historic pattern. Heroin: The Drug Law enforcement s ...
The Debt Penalty
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... deter offenders from future crime. In addition to their punitive value, financial obligations are intended to generate revenue for criminal justice systems. Few would argue against funding at least a part of the criminal justice system by charging offenders. However, the majority of offenders are in ...
A National Portrait of Treatment in the CJS
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... Special Edition of Drug and Alcohol Dependence Fletcher, B. W., Lehman, W. E., Wexler, H. K., Melnick, G., Taxman, F. S., & Young, D. W. (2009). Measuring collaboration and integration activities in criminal justice and substance abuse treatment agencies. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 103(Supplement ...
The New Scarlet Letter? Negotiating the US
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... who have served prison time in the past. Many will experience a host of difficulties upon reentering noninstitutional society. Those with minor children (especially incarcerated men) often accumulate substantial back child-support obligations while incarcerated and face the legal requirement to pay ...
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the promises and perils of evidence-based corrections
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... stance of the practices being labeled as “evidence based” outside the context of sentencing,13 or to their implications for the practical and theoretical functioning of the criminal justice system more broadly. Although scholars and policymakers have reached a broad consensus that mass incarceration ...
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...  finally to remove entries in the register after another period without re-offending. In general, this article follows the agreed four-part structure laid out by Herzog-Evans (2011a) for this Special Issue. It should be made clear in advance that it deals only with conviction records. Different de- ...
2008 Utah Law Enforcement Legislative Committee
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Peace Be Still - DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska
Peace Be Still - DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

... to find racial segregation, financial distress, and limited upward mobility. Even successful blacks were targeted by unhappy and racist whites who abhorred black competition in the workplace and did not welcome black people as neighbors. Racial conflict often led to violence, as discord between whit ...
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The New Jim Crow

The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness is a book by Michelle Alexander, a civil rights litigator and legal scholar. Called the ""secular bible for a new social movement"" by Cornel West, the book discusses race-related issues specific to African-American males and mass incarceration in the United States — though Alexander notes that the discrimination faced by African-American males is also prevalent among other minorities and socio-economically disadvantaged populations. Alexander's central premise, from which the book derives its title, is that ""mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow.""Though the conventional point of view holds that discrimination has mostly ended with the civil rights movement reforms of the 1960s, Alexander claims the U.S. criminal justice system uses the War on Drugs as a primary tool for enforcing traditional, as well as new, modes of discrimination and repression. These new modes of racism have led to not only the highest rate of incarceration in the world, but also an even greater imprisonment of African American men. Were present trends to continue, Alexander writes, the United States will imprison one-third of its African American population. When combined with the fact that whites are more likely to commit drug crimes than people of color, the issue becomes clear for Alexander: ""The primary targets of [the penal system's] control can be defined largely by race.""This, ultimately, leads Alexander to believe that mass incarceration is ""a stunningly comprehensive and well-disguised system of racialized social control that functions in a manner strikingly similar to Jim Crow."" The culmination of this social control is what Alexander calls a ""racial caste system,"" a type of stratification wherein African-Americans are kept in an inferior position. Its emergence, she believes, is a direct response to The Civil Rights Movement. It is because of this that Alexander argues for issues with mass incarceration to be addressed as issues of racial justice and civil rights. To approach these matters as anything but would be to fortify this new racial caste. Thus, Alexander aims to mobilize the civil rights community to move the incarceration issue to the forefront of its agenda and to provide factual information, data, arguments and a point of reference for those interested in pursuing the issue. Her broader goal is the revamping of the prevailing mentality regarding human rights, equality and equal opportunities in America, to prevent future cyclical recurrence of what she sees as ""racial control under changing disguise.""
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