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Restitution, Rehabilitation, Prevention, and
Restitution, Rehabilitation, Prevention, and

... discourse to describe today's juvenile offenders. [FN1] Such characterizations foster a perception that youth crime is out of control, and that the best way to rein it in is to "get tough" on juvenile offenders and to treat them as adult criminals. In this regard, punishment, deterrence, and communi ...
Stockport Drug and Alcohol Strategy
Stockport Drug and Alcohol Strategy

... population and individual approaches, and identifies controls over the price and availability of alcohol as the two most effective means of reducing alcohol harm. While the Government has abandoned its commitment to introduce a Minimum Unit Price, it has introduced enhanced measures intended to give ...
Transforming the CJS - A Strategy and Action Plan to
Transforming the CJS - A Strategy and Action Plan to

... all the voluntary and private sector providers that make up the criminal justice system (CJS). This is an experience which leaves me in no doubt about what needs to be done. It is inevitable that the CJS is complicated and essential to the rule of law that some elements of the system are independent ...
between prohibition and legalization the dutch experiment in drug
between prohibition and legalization the dutch experiment in drug

... gradation that accompanies deviant addiction. These adversities are understood as consequences of society's choice to prohibit (the use of) certain psycho-active substances. Criminalization of "drugs" is a public means by which society demarcates conventionality. "Drug accountability", for all but t ...
Explaining Recent Trends in US Homicide Rates
Explaining Recent Trends in US Homicide Rates

... an already overheated climate of opinion and policy regarding the homicide problem. We do not wish to contribute further to that rhetorical environment. Claims of a rather different sort, coming primarily from public officials, accompanied the drop in homicide rates in one city after another in the ...
the promises and perils of evidence-based corrections
the promises and perils of evidence-based corrections

... reversed. Many new laws and policies have enabled this change. The most prominent of these implement or reflect what have been called “evidence-based practices” designed to reduce prison populations and their associated fiscal and human costs. These practices—which broadly include the use of actuari ...
Cost-Benefit Analyses: Substance Abuse Treatment Is A Sound
Cost-Benefit Analyses: Substance Abuse Treatment Is A Sound

... emergency room visits, earnings, and transfer payments was obtained from baseline and 9-month follow-up interviews, and linked to information from administrative databases. On average, substance abuse treatment costs $1,583 and is associated with a monetary benefit to society of $11,487. This means ...
Cost–Benefit Analysis of Drug Treatment Services
Cost–Benefit Analysis of Drug Treatment Services

... viewpoint should use the cost–benefit framework to allocate resources rationally to the most effective alternatives. In either case, a systematic analysis of costs and benefits is undertaken to decide if the public or private investment should be made or if continued support is justified. Benefits, ...
National Drug Control System - United Nations Office on Drugs and
National Drug Control System - United Nations Office on Drugs and

... developed by UNODC to assist assessment team(s) in evaluating any criminal justice system, recording the findings and generating the draft assessment report. CJAT allows for electronic data sharing of the findings as well as maintaining a database of assessments done to enhance any future assessment ...
1 The Politics of Punishment in the War on Drugs
1 The Politics of Punishment in the War on Drugs

... The policies of the War on Drugs created new categories of crime and imposed harsh punishments for them. The creation of new crimes, such as drug use and drug trafficking, requires punishment for people who were previously engaged in what were considered legal activities. This, in turn, leads to lar ...
A Good Score?: Examining Twenty Years of Drug Courts in the
A Good Score?: Examining Twenty Years of Drug Courts in the

... number of drug-related arrests in general.‖17 As such, these drug courts necessarily approach the issues related to drug abuse as conditions requiring therapeutic treatment.18 There are a staggering number of incarcerated adults who have alcohol or drug abuse issues.19 Some estimates put costs assoc ...
Do We Need to Increase the Sentences in White
Do We Need to Increase the Sentences in White

... failure to disclose data regarding either the disposition of cases brought under § 1956, or prosecutions brought under § 1957, it is difficult to document the extent to which these charges have been used by prosecutors to "up the sentencing ante" in economic crime cases. See id. at 14-15. n15 This s ...
Toward A More Policy-Relevant National Drug Control Strategy
Toward A More Policy-Relevant National Drug Control Strategy

... demand side approaches such as prevention and treatment (Gray 2001; MacCoun and Reuter 2001; Robinson and Scherlen 2007). With regard to treatment, research clearly points out that it works (National Institute on Drug Abuse 2008) and many forms of treatment are highly effective, and are more cost-ef ...
Drugs and the Law - Police Foundation
Drugs and the Law - Police Foundation

... Director and staff of the Police Foundation. They conceived the idea, raised the resources, and ensured our independence. The Foundation’s support has been central to our work. We have also benefited from the assistance which we have received from the Prince’s Trust, especially during the Inquiry’s ...
Money Laundering: the Economics of Regulation
Money Laundering: the Economics of Regulation

... Let us start by considering an initial amount of liquidity, ACI, produced by one or more criminal activities in a given economic system. Let us also assume that at least a fraction yACI -being 0 ⬍ y ⬍ 1- of such funds needs to laundered1; as a matter of fact, without having been separated from its i ...
study of treatment alternatives and diversion programs
study of treatment alternatives and diversion programs

... monitoring, but vary in program model/approach, length, treatment intensity, and target population. Four of the TAD projects are adult drug treatment courts: Burnett County (in collaboration with the St. Croix tribe), Washburn County, Wood County, and Rock County. Utilizing standard drug treatment c ...
Prisons integrated drug treatment system
Prisons integrated drug treatment system

... and punishment of serious crime and/or to prevent abuse or serious harm to others where they judge, on a case by case basis, that the public good that would be achieved by the disclosure outweighs both the obligation of confidentiality to the individual client concerned and the broader public intere ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... meet job performance standards, and comply with workplace rules. If job performance or behavior are unacceptable, it does not matter that the problems are related to/caused by drug or alcohol dependence. ...
Breaking the Cycle - Prison Reform Trust
Breaking the Cycle - Prison Reform Trust

... serving sentences of imprisonment for public protection (IPPs) who have reached their tariff, it should be incumbent on the state to demonstrate that an individual poses a very serious risk of future harm. As the Prison Reform Trust’s report Unjust Desertsx states ‘those who receive the sentence fin ...
state of north carolina - North Carolina Office of Administrative
state of north carolina - North Carolina Office of Administrative

... ...That the applicant is of good moral character and temperate habits. The following shall be prima facie evidence that the applicant does not have good moral character or temperate habits......conviction of a crime involving....larceny or any offense involving moral turpitude.... ...
Embracing Tribal Sovereignty to Eliminate Criminal Jurisdiction Chaos
Embracing Tribal Sovereignty to Eliminate Criminal Jurisdiction Chaos

... have a special relationship with the United States government.2 4 Second, tribes could not legally convey their land to any person or entity other than the federal government.2" Justice Marshall's characterization of tribal sovereignty in these early cases illustrates the most important facet of tri ...
the role of the counselor - the County of Santa Clara
the role of the counselor - the County of Santa Clara

... A review of the research and literature relating to most effective elements and dynamics of a successful treatment program was conducted to determine what is considered best practices in the treatment of substance abuse disorders. The current research-based best practices tend to merge the biopsycho ...
FY2012 CJKTOS follow-up report - Center on Drug and Alcohol
FY2012 CJKTOS follow-up report - Center on Drug and Alcohol

... What is the cost offset of DOC treatment to the costs of crime? Victim crime costs were developed using changes from baseline to follow-up for prison treatment. A cost offset in this analysis is the estimated costs of crime and arrests for 12 months post-release compared to pre-incarceration measure ...
Making Toronto Safer- A Cost Benefit Analysis
Making Toronto Safer- A Cost Benefit Analysis

... and analysis of Transitional Housing and supports (THS) for two types of ex-prisoners moving to the community from incarceration. The first group is comprised of homeless ex-prisoners (individuals often charged with petty theft, drug possession, public disturbances and who have no fixed address upon ...
IMPROVING JUVENILE JUSTICE
IMPROVING JUVENILE JUSTICE

... The way in which children, who are victims of the conditions in which they are living and children who have violated the law are approached, treated, rehabilitated, disciplined and punished, is essentially a reflection of that society’s culture and value system. This is expressed in its vision on ch ...
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Public-order crime

In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as ""crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently"", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, and customs. Robertson (1989:123) maintains a crime is nothing more than ""an act that contravenes a law"". Generally speaking, deviancy is criminalized when it is too disruptive and has proved uncontrollable through informal sanctions.Public order crime should be distinguished from political crime. In the former, although the identity of the ""victim"" may be indirect and sometimes diffuse, it is cumulatively the community that suffers, whereas in a political crime, the state perceives itself to be the victim and criminalizes the behaviour it considers threatening. Thus, public order crime includes consensual crime and victimless crime. It asserts the need to use the law to maintain order both in the legal and moral sense. Public order crime is now the preferred term by proponents as against the use of the word ""victimless"" based on the idea that there are secondary victims (family, friends, acquaintances, and society at large) that can be identified.For example, in cases where a criminal act subverts or undermines the commercial effectiveness of normative business practices, the negative consequences extend beyond those at whom the specific immediate harm was intended. Similarly, in environmental law, there are offences that do not have a direct, immediate and tangible victim, so crimes go largely unreported and unprosecuted because of the problem of lack of victim awareness. In short, there are no clear, unequivocal definitions of ""consensus"", ""harm"", ""injury"", ""offender"", and ""victim"". Such judgments are always informed by contestable, epistemological, moral, and political assumptions (de Haan, 1990: 154).
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