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Imprisonment Inertia and Public Attitudes Toward "Truth in Sentencing"
Imprisonment Inertia and Public Attitudes Toward "Truth in Sentencing"

... rates, policymakers in many states have been quite cautious in the design and administration of new programs intended to move prisoners out of confinement more quickly. 7 In order to better understand the sources of this caution, as well as the potential for developing more robust early-release init ...
DPA Healing A Broken System Veterans And The War On Drugs
DPA Healing A Broken System Veterans And The War On Drugs

... federal prisons as of 2004 – the last year for which data are available, when the Iraq and Afghanistan wars were in their early stages.11 Tens of thousands more veterans are incarcerated in county jails.12 These data only capture a small fraction of veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, beca ...
Every Door Closed
Every Door Closed

... parents who were imprisoned at some point in their children’s lives.”1 In 2001, approximately 400,000 mothers and fathers will finish serving their prison or jail sentences and return home eager to rebuild their families and rebuild their lives. As these parents struggle to make a fresh start, they ...
`No easy fix`: The Supervised Injection Site Debate in
`No easy fix`: The Supervised Injection Site Debate in

... 4.1 Claims in Opposition to SISs .................................................................................................................90 4.1.1. Hostility to the harm reduction philosophy....................................................................................90 4.1.1 (a) There ...
principles of drug addiction treatment
principles of drug addiction treatment

... the act of taking drugs, over time a person’s ability to choose not to do so becomes compromised, and seeking and consuming the drug becomes compulsive. This behavior results largely from the effects of prolonged drug exposure on brain functioning. Addiction affects multiple brain circuits, includin ...
Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment
Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment

... the act of taking drugs, over time a person’s ability to choose not to do so becomes compromised, and seeking and consuming the drug becomes compulsive. This behavior results largely from the effects of prolonged drug exposure on brain functioning. Addiction affects multiple brain circuits, includin ...
principles of drug addiction treatment
principles of drug addiction treatment

... the act of taking drugs, over time a person’s ability to choose not to do so becomes compromised, and seeking and consuming the drug becomes compulsive. This behavior results largely from the effects of prolonged drug exposure on brain functioning. Addiction affects multiple brain circuits, includin ...
State Racism, Fear, and Mass Incarceration: Reexamining
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... society. It creates distinctions, hierarchy, and assigns qualities to the superrace (good qualities) and subrace (bad qualities). The superace is the true race and it defines the norm while the subrace is the deviant from the norm and a biological threat. The subrace could be the sick, madmen, crimi ...
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The Globalization of Juvenile Justice

... expanded to have a broad reach. An estimated 250,000 juveniles are tried, sentenced, and/or incarcerated in the adult criminal justice system each year within the United States (Arya, 2011). Once these teenagers enter the adult system, they no longer receive access to the rehabilitative services the ...
application for intermediate punishment program
application for intermediate punishment program

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WEST VIRGINIA CERTIFICATION BOARD
WEST VIRGINIA CERTIFICATION BOARD

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... 4. National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2012). Principles of drug addiction treatment: A research-based guide (3rd ed.; NIH Publication No. 12-4180). Retrieved from https://d14rmgtrwzf5a.cloudfront.net/sites/default/files/podat_1.pdf 5. Substance Abuse and Mental Health ...
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Substance Use and Sexual Violence
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The Crimmigration Crisis: Immigrants, Crime, and Sovereign Power
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... campus policing were wholly the same then this gap in the literature would be unproblematic; findings about the first type could be fully extrapolated to the latter. But this is not the case.6 For one, campus police patrol homogenous populations of 18-24 year old students (Miller & Pan, 1987), most ...
Juvenile Arrest Rates 1980-2009 - Dr. Jeffrey A. Butts, New York, NY
Juvenile Arrest Rates 1980-2009 - Dr. Jeffrey A. Butts, New York, NY

... as the per capita rates based upon those estimates) were calculated by the Justice Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College of Criminal Justice using data released in 2010 by the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The FBI collects annual inf ...
Juvenile Arrest Rates 1980-2009
Juvenile Arrest Rates 1980-2009

... as the per capita rates based upon those estimates) were calculated by the Justice Research and Evaluation Center at John Jay College of Criminal Justice using data released in 2010 by the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The FBI collects annual inf ...
National Northern Border Counternarcotics Strategy
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... Canada-based TCOs responsible for the production of synthetic drugs continue to demonstrate a willingness to utilize whichever chemicals are readily available to them, as evidenced in the increased appearance of Ecstasy-like substances in recent years. For example, in 2009, law enforcement found a s ...
Breakthrough in U.S. Drug Sentencing Reform WOLA
Breakthrough in U.S. Drug Sentencing Reform WOLA

... they generally purchase their drugs from sellers of the same racial and ethnic background.11 Nevertheless, 79 percent of federal crack cocaine defendants in 2010 were African American.12 Generally, African Americans are more likely to be sentenced to prison, and once there, serve more time for a dru ...
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1965-71 - Alcohol and Drugs History Society

... complicated social problem is to me beyond comprehension.”3 Methadone did not solve the complicated social problem of addiction, but it did alter the medical and political establishment’s approach to it. The innovative application of methadone to heroin addiction marked the end of what historian Dav ...
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The Rhetoric of Motive and Intent
The Rhetoric of Motive and Intent

... the changing context in which these rhetorical constructions have been invoked. When legal scholars first began to distinguish motive from intent, in the late eighteenth century, courts still had the common law power to create and define crimes. In making criminal law, courts had to apply their view ...
note the impact of mandatory minimum
note the impact of mandatory minimum

... supervision, and community service orders) were more appropriate than imprisonment for dealing with factors associated with persistence in reoffending. 42 Scholars also noted that a dramatic reduction in the rate and seriousness of offending could best be achieved by improvements to the probation pr ...
A compendium of alcohol and other drug-related resources
A compendium of alcohol and other drug-related resources

... Addiction (NCETA). It consists of a collection of alcohol and other drug-related law enforcement literature published in the years 2004 to early 2008. In addition, where particularly important resources were published which were outside of this timeframe, these have also been included. The compendiu ...
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Public-order crime

In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as ""crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently"", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, and customs. Robertson (1989:123) maintains a crime is nothing more than ""an act that contravenes a law"". Generally speaking, deviancy is criminalized when it is too disruptive and has proved uncontrollable through informal sanctions.Public order crime should be distinguished from political crime. In the former, although the identity of the ""victim"" may be indirect and sometimes diffuse, it is cumulatively the community that suffers, whereas in a political crime, the state perceives itself to be the victim and criminalizes the behaviour it considers threatening. Thus, public order crime includes consensual crime and victimless crime. It asserts the need to use the law to maintain order both in the legal and moral sense. Public order crime is now the preferred term by proponents as against the use of the word ""victimless"" based on the idea that there are secondary victims (family, friends, acquaintances, and society at large) that can be identified.For example, in cases where a criminal act subverts or undermines the commercial effectiveness of normative business practices, the negative consequences extend beyond those at whom the specific immediate harm was intended. Similarly, in environmental law, there are offences that do not have a direct, immediate and tangible victim, so crimes go largely unreported and unprosecuted because of the problem of lack of victim awareness. In short, there are no clear, unequivocal definitions of ""consensus"", ""harm"", ""injury"", ""offender"", and ""victim"". Such judgments are always informed by contestable, epistemological, moral, and political assumptions (de Haan, 1990: 154).
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