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Unit 5
Unit 5

... Earth revolves around the Sun in and year and rotates on its axis in a 24-hour day. They have related this rotation of Earth to day and night while recognizing that the movements of the sun, moon, and stars are connected. SC.5.E.5.1: (DOK 1) Recognize that a galaxy consists of gas, dust, and many st ...
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... The solar system has eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. All of these planets orbit the Sun, the only star in the solar system. When they orbit, they revolve around the Sun. When they rotate, the planets spin on their axis. Meteorites are masses of rock ...
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... Asteroids are rocky objects that mostly revolve around the sun in fairly circular orbits between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. This region of the solar system is called the asteroid belt. There are more than 100,000 asteroids discovered in the asteroid belt. Some asteroids are so big they are cons ...
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Definition of planet



The definition of planet, since the word was coined by the ancient Greeks, has included within its scope a wide range of celestial bodies. Greek astronomers employed the term asteres planetai (ἀστέρες πλανῆται), ""wandering stars"", for star-like objects which apparently moved over the sky. Over the millennia, the term has included a variety of different objects, from the Sun and the Moon to satellites and asteroids.By the end of the 19th century the word planet, though it had yet to be defined, had become a working term applied only to a small set of objects in the Solar System. After 1992, however, astronomers began to discover many additional objects beyond the orbit of Neptune, as well as hundreds of objects orbiting other stars. These discoveries not only increased the number of potential planets, but also expanded their variety and peculiarity. Some were nearly large enough to be stars, while others were smaller than Earth's moon. These discoveries challenged long-perceived notions of what a planet could be.The issue of a clear definition for planet came to a head in 2005 with the discovery of the trans-Neptunian object Eris, a body more massive than the smallest then-accepted planet, Pluto. In its 2006 response, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), recognised by astronomers as the world body responsible for resolving issues of nomenclature, released its decision on the matter. This definition, which applies only to the Solar System, states that a planet is a body that orbits the Sun, is massive enough for its own gravity to make it round, and has ""cleared its neighbourhood"" of smaller objects around its orbit. Under this new definition, Pluto and the other trans-Neptunian objects do not qualify as planets. The IAU's decision has not resolved all controversies, and while many scientists have accepted the definition, some in the astronomical community have rejected it outright.
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