Published by - Institute of Chartered Economists of Nigeria
... having been found to have demonstrated sound understandings in economics for not less than ten (10) years, with proven evidence of resourceful contributions to the growth and development of Nigeria, in addition to the Institute’s ethics, ideals and goals; morally, academically, professionally and pe ...
... having been found to have demonstrated sound understandings in economics for not less than ten (10) years, with proven evidence of resourceful contributions to the growth and development of Nigeria, in addition to the Institute’s ethics, ideals and goals; morally, academically, professionally and pe ...
Explaining Delinquency—Biological and Psychological Approaches
... by identifying and eliminating the factors that are causing the individual to act in a certain way. Positivism typically recognizes that there are multiple causes of behavior. Deviance may be the result of a single factor, multiple causes, or a series of events or situations occurring over a period ...
... by identifying and eliminating the factors that are causing the individual to act in a certain way. Positivism typically recognizes that there are multiple causes of behavior. Deviance may be the result of a single factor, multiple causes, or a series of events or situations occurring over a period ...
ON THE PERFORMATIVITY OF ECONOMICS
... mathematics borrowed from economics, led to the full integration of theoretical finance into mainstream economics (MacKenzie 2007, 2008). With the growing legitimacy resulting from their ability to be empirically tested, the new financial models were applied to real markets. Application, however, so ...
... mathematics borrowed from economics, led to the full integration of theoretical finance into mainstream economics (MacKenzie 2007, 2008). With the growing legitimacy resulting from their ability to be empirically tested, the new financial models were applied to real markets. Application, however, so ...
The Assumptions Economists Make
... conclusions. To be sure, economists always hoped to reach the opposite conclusion. Beginning in the 1870s, theorists sought to build a model of the invisible hand. They wanted to show how market trading among individuals, pursuing self-interest, and firms, maximizing profit, would lead an economy ...
... conclusions. To be sure, economists always hoped to reach the opposite conclusion. Beginning in the 1870s, theorists sought to build a model of the invisible hand. They wanted to show how market trading among individuals, pursuing self-interest, and firms, maximizing profit, would lead an economy ...
Models in Psychopathology
... Recent variations of behavioral theory Social learning theory Delay of reinforcement Social modeling ...
... Recent variations of behavioral theory Social learning theory Delay of reinforcement Social modeling ...
The Efficient Market Theory and Evidence
... should be unbiased, and that speculation should be a “fair game” with an expected reward of zero or, more generally, an amount that reflects a normal risk premium. These early theories about market efficiency motivated a number of empirical studies of prices in various asset markets chiefly focused ...
... should be unbiased, and that speculation should be a “fair game” with an expected reward of zero or, more generally, an amount that reflects a normal risk premium. These early theories about market efficiency motivated a number of empirical studies of prices in various asset markets chiefly focused ...
presentation source
... • Demand functions • Elasticities • A host of other things, including cost functions ...
... • Demand functions • Elasticities • A host of other things, including cost functions ...
and confirmation bias can affect decision making
... E. representativeness heuristic 28. Roger's Meat Market is a chain of retail stores that limits its sales to fresh-cut meats. The stores have been very profitable in northern cities. However, when two stores were opened in the south, both lost money and had to be closed. Roger, the owner, has now co ...
... E. representativeness heuristic 28. Roger's Meat Market is a chain of retail stores that limits its sales to fresh-cut meats. The stores have been very profitable in northern cities. However, when two stores were opened in the south, both lost money and had to be closed. Roger, the owner, has now co ...
“Every system of scientific theory involves philosophical
... In an important short piece from 1943, George Stigler criticizes what soon became the dominant approach within professional economics; that approach combines sophisticated mathematical technique, a focus on revealed preference, and an understanding of economics (inspired by L. Robbins) as resource m ...
... In an important short piece from 1943, George Stigler criticizes what soon became the dominant approach within professional economics; that approach combines sophisticated mathematical technique, a focus on revealed preference, and an understanding of economics (inspired by L. Robbins) as resource m ...
File - Jahangirnagar University, EMBA509
... YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND: – Ability – Contrast the two types of ability. – Define intellectual ability and demonstrate its relevance to OB. – Identify the key biographical characteristics and describe how they are relevant to OB. – Define learning and outline the principles of the three majo ...
... YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND: – Ability – Contrast the two types of ability. – Define intellectual ability and demonstrate its relevance to OB. – Identify the key biographical characteristics and describe how they are relevant to OB. – Define learning and outline the principles of the three majo ...
Rational Action, Uncertainty, and Economics
... with respect to computational ability and availability of information, including known ...
... with respect to computational ability and availability of information, including known ...
Return migration, uncertainty and precautionary savings
... purpose of this paper is to extend the existing literature by analyzing the optimal length of migration and the savings behavior of migrant workers in a model where savings and migration durations are jointly determined and where there is uncertainty about income in both host and home country. To in ...
... purpose of this paper is to extend the existing literature by analyzing the optimal length of migration and the savings behavior of migrant workers in a model where savings and migration durations are jointly determined and where there is uncertainty about income in both host and home country. To in ...
A theory of Bayesian decision making with action
... and the posterior probabilities are the distributions on the effects conditional on the observations. Finally, most importantly, these prior and posterior probabilities are the only representations of the decision maker’s prior and posterior beliefs that are consistent with the tenets of Bayesian de ...
... and the posterior probabilities are the distributions on the effects conditional on the observations. Finally, most importantly, these prior and posterior probabilities are the only representations of the decision maker’s prior and posterior beliefs that are consistent with the tenets of Bayesian de ...
Finance 332
... beta of a stock relative to the market is 1.2, and the beta of this stock relative to inflation is 0.5. 25. According the CAPM, what is the expected return on this stock? a. 10% b. 11% c. 12% d. 13% e. 14% 26. According to a two factor APT model where the factors are the market and inflation, what i ...
... beta of a stock relative to the market is 1.2, and the beta of this stock relative to inflation is 0.5. 25. According the CAPM, what is the expected return on this stock? a. 10% b. 11% c. 12% d. 13% e. 14% 26. According to a two factor APT model where the factors are the market and inflation, what i ...
Economics - Local Assessment
... 18. Personal financial literacy. The student understands the role of financial markets/institutions in saving, borrowing, and capital formation. The student is expected to: examine the types of accounts available to consumers from financial institutions and the risks, monetary costs, and benefits of ...
... 18. Personal financial literacy. The student understands the role of financial markets/institutions in saving, borrowing, and capital formation. The student is expected to: examine the types of accounts available to consumers from financial institutions and the risks, monetary costs, and benefits of ...
Historical Evolution of the Field of Conditioning and Learning
... nonliving things. He suggested that almost all things follow simple natural physical laws like rocks; their cause was in the environment, they themselves were “passive.” The behavior of all animals and much human behavior were simple stimulus-response reflexes. They were caused by changes in the env ...
... nonliving things. He suggested that almost all things follow simple natural physical laws like rocks; their cause was in the environment, they themselves were “passive.” The behavior of all animals and much human behavior were simple stimulus-response reflexes. They were caused by changes in the env ...
Why Don`t the Prices of Stocks and Bonds Move Together?
... consequence of increased risk as agents substitute away from risky stocks into less risky assets. The notion of such a "flight to quality" does find rigorous theoretical support. The drop in the riskless rate is a consequence not of risk aversion per se, but of precautionary saving, an effect which ...
... consequence of increased risk as agents substitute away from risky stocks into less risky assets. The notion of such a "flight to quality" does find rigorous theoretical support. The drop in the riskless rate is a consequence not of risk aversion per se, but of precautionary saving, an effect which ...
real-world economics review
... which the early mathematical economists dealt, such as psychological utility and price formation based on supply and demand, were still far from being deemed to be the highest concern. The marginalists would make a true breakaway by viewing the consumer rather than the producer/employer as the focal ...
... which the early mathematical economists dealt, such as psychological utility and price formation based on supply and demand, were still far from being deemed to be the highest concern. The marginalists would make a true breakaway by viewing the consumer rather than the producer/employer as the focal ...
Systemic Risk and Sentiment
... At the beginning of the sample period, the crash confidence index CP was low, below 30. During 2002, it rose to about 40 and then fell sharply to about 21. Between 2003 and late 2007, the crash confidence index trended up, peaking just Below 60. During the decline, crash confidence fell to the mid 3 ...
... At the beginning of the sample period, the crash confidence index CP was low, below 30. During 2002, it rose to about 40 and then fell sharply to about 21. Between 2003 and late 2007, the crash confidence index trended up, peaking just Below 60. During the decline, crash confidence fell to the mid 3 ...
Redalyc. Skinner and the Rise of Behavior Modification and
... or explanations as well as physiological explanations. He felt that descriptions and explanations for behavior should be on their own level (observable and operative). 2. His rejection of theory, which he considers as something constructed to compensate for the inadequate data or imperfect or non-ex ...
... or explanations as well as physiological explanations. He felt that descriptions and explanations for behavior should be on their own level (observable and operative). 2. His rejection of theory, which he considers as something constructed to compensate for the inadequate data or imperfect or non-ex ...
real-world economics review
... In the Arab world there are deep seated reasons associated with the nature of the accumulation process that disrupt the intermediation between economic expansion and social development and, consequently, vitiate a plethora of U.N. covenants and declarations relating to development as a human right. ...
... In the Arab world there are deep seated reasons associated with the nature of the accumulation process that disrupt the intermediation between economic expansion and social development and, consequently, vitiate a plethora of U.N. covenants and declarations relating to development as a human right. ...
12.2 Utility Functions and Probabilities
... we are considering choice under uncertainty does add a special structure to the choice problem. In general, how a personvalues consumption in one state a.scompared tb another will depend on the probability that the state in question will actually occur. In other words, the rate at which I am willing ...
... we are considering choice under uncertainty does add a special structure to the choice problem. In general, how a personvalues consumption in one state a.scompared tb another will depend on the probability that the state in question will actually occur. In other words, the rate at which I am willing ...
Chapter 7 Swimming Against the Stream. Herbert Simon, Harvey
... 7.2.4 Rationality and Chess There are about 30 legal moves in a chess game. Each move and its response creates an average of about 1000 contingencies. In a 40 move chess game there are about 10120 contingencies. Chess masters are believed to look at no more than 100 contingencies, only ten percent o ...
... 7.2.4 Rationality and Chess There are about 30 legal moves in a chess game. Each move and its response creates an average of about 1000 contingencies. In a 40 move chess game there are about 10120 contingencies. Chess masters are believed to look at no more than 100 contingencies, only ten percent o ...
SELF-INJURY Self-injury and Behavior Supports for People with
... learned helplessness, which is often reinforced carelessly by others. Brown and Beail (2009) described in their action research that expectations and rules were taught to 36 females with ID, who exhibited self-injurious behaviors. Along with it, positive reinforcement was used. For example, they wer ...
... learned helplessness, which is often reinforced carelessly by others. Brown and Beail (2009) described in their action research that expectations and rules were taught to 36 females with ID, who exhibited self-injurious behaviors. Along with it, positive reinforcement was used. For example, they wer ...