sc_examII_spring_2002 - University of Maryland Astronomy
... E. the comet nears aphelion. 8. The granules seen in the solar photosphere are believed to be energy brought up from below by A. radiation. B. convection. C. conduction. D. rotation. E. volcanic activity. 9. If you observe five objects that have different temperatures, the hottest object would be th ...
... E. the comet nears aphelion. 8. The granules seen in the solar photosphere are believed to be energy brought up from below by A. radiation. B. convection. C. conduction. D. rotation. E. volcanic activity. 9. If you observe five objects that have different temperatures, the hottest object would be th ...
Section I - General Information Proposal Title: Mass and Radius of a
... these measurements we will be able to infer the mass of the pulsar with 4% precision. This, combined with the NICER measurement, will yield its radius to 10% precision. Both mass and radius are of fundamental importance in understanding the structure of neutron stars and the behavior of nuclear matt ...
... these measurements we will be able to infer the mass of the pulsar with 4% precision. This, combined with the NICER measurement, will yield its radius to 10% precision. Both mass and radius are of fundamental importance in understanding the structure of neutron stars and the behavior of nuclear matt ...
Sample Final
... 28. Which of the following best describes the Big Bang Theory? a) The Universe is eternal, infinite in size, and static. b) As the Universe expands, matter is continuously created to keep the average density constant. c) The Universe arose at the same time as the Earth and is about 6000 years old. d ...
... 28. Which of the following best describes the Big Bang Theory? a) The Universe is eternal, infinite in size, and static. b) As the Universe expands, matter is continuously created to keep the average density constant. c) The Universe arose at the same time as the Earth and is about 6000 years old. d ...
GEARS Workshop Monday - Georgia Southern University
... The Chandra data shows bright X-ray sources in this field, most of which are young stars. In this image, red, green, and blue represent low, medium, and high energy X-rays. The Chandra data have been overlaid on the Hubble Space Telescope image to show the context of these X-ray data. Very few X-ray ...
... The Chandra data shows bright X-ray sources in this field, most of which are young stars. In this image, red, green, and blue represent low, medium, and high energy X-rays. The Chandra data have been overlaid on the Hubble Space Telescope image to show the context of these X-ray data. Very few X-ray ...
Review: How does a star`s mass determine its life story?
... Two Types of Supernova Massive star supernova: Iron core of massive star reaches white dwarf limit and collapses into a neutron star, causing explosion White dwarf supernova: Carbon fusion suddenly begins as white dwarf in close binary system reaches white dwarf limit, causing total explosion ...
... Two Types of Supernova Massive star supernova: Iron core of massive star reaches white dwarf limit and collapses into a neutron star, causing explosion White dwarf supernova: Carbon fusion suddenly begins as white dwarf in close binary system reaches white dwarf limit, causing total explosion ...
The Life Cycle of a Star
... the star has ignited, it becomes a main sequence star. Main Sequence stars fuse hydrogen to form helium, releasing enormous amounts of energy. It takes about 10 billion years to consume all the hydrogen in a Main Sequence star. ...
... the star has ignited, it becomes a main sequence star. Main Sequence stars fuse hydrogen to form helium, releasing enormous amounts of energy. It takes about 10 billion years to consume all the hydrogen in a Main Sequence star. ...
White Dwarfs - Indiana University
... – Suggested they orbited “dark stars” – Found Sirius B at Northwestern’s Dearborn Observatory – Was it a star that had cooled and dimmed? ...
... – Suggested they orbited “dark stars” – Found Sirius B at Northwestern’s Dearborn Observatory – Was it a star that had cooled and dimmed? ...
Stars and the Main Sequence
... The star will settle into a hydrostatic and thermal equilibrium, where cooling is balanced by nuclear energy generation and there is no time dependence of any state variables. ...
... The star will settle into a hydrostatic and thermal equilibrium, where cooling is balanced by nuclear energy generation and there is no time dependence of any state variables. ...
Gravitation and Orbital Motion
... 11. A certain binary star system consists of two identical stars in circular orbits about a common center of mass halfway between them. Their orbital speed is 185,000 m/s and each one orbits the center of mass in exactly 19 days. What is the mass of each star, in units of solar masses? The mass of ...
... 11. A certain binary star system consists of two identical stars in circular orbits about a common center of mass halfway between them. Their orbital speed is 185,000 m/s and each one orbits the center of mass in exactly 19 days. What is the mass of each star, in units of solar masses? The mass of ...
Stellar Evolution (Formation)
... Radiate away stored heat. Slowly approach 0 K. If M > 1.4Msun, gravity will exceed the pressure of the degenerate electrons and the white dwarf will collapse. ...
... Radiate away stored heat. Slowly approach 0 K. If M > 1.4Msun, gravity will exceed the pressure of the degenerate electrons and the white dwarf will collapse. ...
Section 14
... Stars: The world's second-oldest profession might be that of astronomer; it probably precedes even that of farmer (which extends roughly about 10,000+ years ago). The stars have been a source of regularity, relating the passage of years far more reliably then changes in weather. For instance, the an ...
... Stars: The world's second-oldest profession might be that of astronomer; it probably precedes even that of farmer (which extends roughly about 10,000+ years ago). The stars have been a source of regularity, relating the passage of years far more reliably then changes in weather. For instance, the an ...
SIERRA STAR GAZERS
... extent. In my 4” scope at 23x, I can view both M8 and M20 in the same field of view. Commonly known as the Trifid Nebula, close inspection will reveal several dark lanes that roughly split the glowing cloud into three major (some say four) portions. As with M8, OIII and Deep Sky filters work well he ...
... extent. In my 4” scope at 23x, I can view both M8 and M20 in the same field of view. Commonly known as the Trifid Nebula, close inspection will reveal several dark lanes that roughly split the glowing cloud into three major (some say four) portions. As with M8, OIII and Deep Sky filters work well he ...
Background Science - Faulkes Telescope Project
... the X-ray, we are looking at the parts of the shell that are much hotter than the areas shining in the optical. The X-rays come from the extremely hot material at around 10 million degrees Kelvin. These high energy rays are emitted from the chemical elements in the gas, for example, from silicon, ir ...
... the X-ray, we are looking at the parts of the shell that are much hotter than the areas shining in the optical. The X-rays come from the extremely hot material at around 10 million degrees Kelvin. These high energy rays are emitted from the chemical elements in the gas, for example, from silicon, ir ...
Great Migrations & other natural history tales
... (the work on MRI is ongoing… also on whether the disks have sufficient ionization for MRI). ...
... (the work on MRI is ongoing… also on whether the disks have sufficient ionization for MRI). ...
talk - University of Southampton
... Explosions are powered mainly by the black hole via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism • No explosion if a = 0; • ~70% of total magnetic flux is accumulated by the black hole ( see plot) This is in conflict with Olivie et al. (1999) but agrees with Newtonian simulations by Igumenshchev (2007); • Energy ...
... Explosions are powered mainly by the black hole via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism • No explosion if a = 0; • ~70% of total magnetic flux is accumulated by the black hole ( see plot) This is in conflict with Olivie et al. (1999) but agrees with Newtonian simulations by Igumenshchev (2007); • Energy ...
Homework 3 available
... fact that the Earth’s oceans have remained liquid for roughly 4 billion years, we are confident that the Sun’s luminosity has remained close to constant that entire time. The radius of the Sun is 7 × 108 m. The Sun is 75% hydrogen by mass (the rest is mostly helium). • When a gravitating object shri ...
... fact that the Earth’s oceans have remained liquid for roughly 4 billion years, we are confident that the Sun’s luminosity has remained close to constant that entire time. The radius of the Sun is 7 × 108 m. The Sun is 75% hydrogen by mass (the rest is mostly helium). • When a gravitating object shri ...
MT 2 Answers Version A
... 13. Examine the figure below. What method of looking for extrasolar planets requires the planet to pass in front of the star? ...
... 13. Examine the figure below. What method of looking for extrasolar planets requires the planet to pass in front of the star? ...
MT 2 Answers Version C
... 24. Why do O- and B-type stars have weaker hydrogen absorption lines than A-type stars? (a) ...
... 24. Why do O- and B-type stars have weaker hydrogen absorption lines than A-type stars? (a) ...
MT 2 Answers Version D
... The notebook’s acceleration is 1,000 times faster than the paper’s acceleration. ...
... The notebook’s acceleration is 1,000 times faster than the paper’s acceleration. ...
Star Formation
... Once the core Helium supply runs out: - Inert Carbon core is left behind and starts to contract - Helium just above core fuses into Carbon (He-burning shell) (H-burning shell remains above) - Excess heat causes the star to expand (2nd Red Giant stage) ...
... Once the core Helium supply runs out: - Inert Carbon core is left behind and starts to contract - Helium just above core fuses into Carbon (He-burning shell) (H-burning shell remains above) - Excess heat causes the star to expand (2nd Red Giant stage) ...
Homework #3 MHC Astronomy 100/101/110 Prof. Stage For ALL the
... degrees from horizon to horizon). The actual size of the something depends on how far away it is. At the distance of the Galactic Center, 1 arc second = 1´´ =8000 AU. b. Extra‐Credit (up to 4 points): Using the Declination axis for a scale, try to measure the semi‐major axis in arc seconds (you m ...
... degrees from horizon to horizon). The actual size of the something depends on how far away it is. At the distance of the Galactic Center, 1 arc second = 1´´ =8000 AU. b. Extra‐Credit (up to 4 points): Using the Declination axis for a scale, try to measure the semi‐major axis in arc seconds (you m ...
Final Review Questions. 1. Compare the atmospheric scale height of
... 18. Why is it that at T ∼ 107 K, the proton-proton chain and the CNO cycle produce roughly the same amount of energy, even though the CNO cycle requires much higher Gamov energies (and thus has much lower quantum tunneling probabilities)? 19. Why does the central temperature of the Sun increase slig ...
... 18. Why is it that at T ∼ 107 K, the proton-proton chain and the CNO cycle produce roughly the same amount of energy, even though the CNO cycle requires much higher Gamov energies (and thus has much lower quantum tunneling probabilities)? 19. Why does the central temperature of the Sun increase slig ...
Marcelo Borges Fernandes1, Michaela Kraus2, Jiri Kubát2
... Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We report on the variation of the rapidly rotating SMC supergiant star LHA 115-S 23 (AzV 172) for which we found a decrease in effective temperature from 11000 K to 9000 K and a simultaneous ...
... Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: We report on the variation of the rapidly rotating SMC supergiant star LHA 115-S 23 (AzV 172) for which we found a decrease in effective temperature from 11000 K to 9000 K and a simultaneous ...
Cygnus X-1
Cygnus X-1 (abbreviated Cyg X-1) is a well-known galactic X-ray source, thought to be a black hole, in the constellation Cygnus. It was discovered in 1964 during a rocket flight and is one of the strongest X-ray sources seen from Earth, producing a peak X-ray flux density of 6977229999999999999♠2.3×10−23 Wm−2 Hz−1 (7003230000000000000♠2.3×103 Jansky). Cygnus X-1 was the first X-ray source widely accepted to be a black hole and it remains among the most studied astronomical objects in its class. The compact object is now estimated to have a mass about 14.8 times the mass of the Sun and has been shown to be too small to be any known kind of normal star, or other likely object besides a black hole. If so, the radius of its event horizon is about 7004440000000000000♠44 km.Cygnus X-1 belongs to a high-mass X-ray binary system about 7019574266339685654♠6070 ly from the Sun that includes a blue supergiant variable star designated HDE 226868 which it orbits at about 0.2 AU, or 20% of the distance from the Earth to the Sun. A stellar wind from the star provides material for an accretion disk around the X-ray source. Matter in the inner disk is heated to millions of degrees, generating the observed X-rays. A pair of jets, arranged perpendicular to the disk, are carrying part of the energy of the infalling material away into interstellar space.This system may belong to a stellar association called Cygnus OB3, which would mean that Cygnus X-1 is about five million years old and formed from a progenitor star that had more than 7001400000000000000♠40 solar masses. The majority of the star's mass was shed, most likely as a stellar wind. If this star had then exploded as a supernova, the resulting force would most likely have ejected the remnant from the system. Hence the star may have instead collapsed directly into a black hole.Cygnus X-1 was the subject of a friendly scientific wager between physicists Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne in 1975, with Hawking betting that it was not a black hole. He conceded the bet in 1990 after observational data had strengthened the case that there was indeed a black hole in the system. This hypothesis has not been confirmed due to a lack of direct observation but has generally been accepted from indirect evidence.