Correlating ribosome function with high
... Figure 1. The ribosome functional centers. (a) The two ribosomal subunits. Left: the small ribosomal subunit (T30S) [4]. The approximate positions of codon–anticodon interactions of A-, P- and E-tRNAs are shown and the main functional domains are indicated: H, head; L, latch; P, platform; S, shoulde ...
... Figure 1. The ribosome functional centers. (a) The two ribosomal subunits. Left: the small ribosomal subunit (T30S) [4]. The approximate positions of codon–anticodon interactions of A-, P- and E-tRNAs are shown and the main functional domains are indicated: H, head; L, latch; P, platform; S, shoulde ...
The tumor suppressor Scrib interacts with the zyxin
... carboxy-terminal peptides appears to be the typical mode of interaction [25]. The common structure of PDZ domains comprises six β strands (βA-βF) and two α helices (αA and αB), which fold in an overall six-stranded β sandwich [25]. The binding specificity of PDZ domains is critically determined by t ...
... carboxy-terminal peptides appears to be the typical mode of interaction [25]. The common structure of PDZ domains comprises six β strands (βA-βF) and two α helices (αA and αB), which fold in an overall six-stranded β sandwich [25]. The binding specificity of PDZ domains is critically determined by t ...
Gene Section CD9 (CD9 molecule) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... CD9 is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also called the tetraspanin family. As other tetraspanins, CD9 is a cell-surface protein containing four hydrophobic transmembrane domains (indicated in green) and two extracellular domains (illustrated in violet). CD9 consists of 228 amino acids a ...
... CD9 is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also called the tetraspanin family. As other tetraspanins, CD9 is a cell-surface protein containing four hydrophobic transmembrane domains (indicated in green) and two extracellular domains (illustrated in violet). CD9 consists of 228 amino acids a ...
Accommodating the bacterial decoding release factor as an
... but rather it was considerably more compact. It certainly did not fit the tRNA analogue proposal. While it was tempting to speculate that this was a rare non-physiological form (a crystallization artefact), the same structure was resolved from crystals with different unit cells, and later the second ...
... but rather it was considerably more compact. It certainly did not fit the tRNA analogue proposal. While it was tempting to speculate that this was a rare non-physiological form (a crystallization artefact), the same structure was resolved from crystals with different unit cells, and later the second ...
Facing extremes: archaeal surface-layer (glyco)proteins
... survival in the face of such environmental challenges. One aspect of such investigation asks how the archaeal cell envelope, directly exposed to the harsh physical conditions in which these micro-organisms exist, manages to maintain its structural integrity. In most cases, a surface (S)-layer, gener ...
... survival in the face of such environmental challenges. One aspect of such investigation asks how the archaeal cell envelope, directly exposed to the harsh physical conditions in which these micro-organisms exist, manages to maintain its structural integrity. In most cases, a surface (S)-layer, gener ...
Serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphorylation regulates
... STKs, Stk1 and Stk2, both implicated in regulating virulence and antibiotic resistance (Ohlsen & Donat, 2010; Tamber et al., 2010). Recently, it was established that the S. aureus Stk1 phosphorylates and regulates the activity of the global TR MgrA. MgrA belongs to the SarA/MgrA family of TRs that c ...
... STKs, Stk1 and Stk2, both implicated in regulating virulence and antibiotic resistance (Ohlsen & Donat, 2010; Tamber et al., 2010). Recently, it was established that the S. aureus Stk1 phosphorylates and regulates the activity of the global TR MgrA. MgrA belongs to the SarA/MgrA family of TRs that c ...
Cellular functions of the BRCA tumour
... two proteins in vivo [42,43]. Collectively, these observations indicate that BRCA1 functions as a heterodimer with BARD1 in vivo and this association and the structural integrity of the RING domain is of critical importance for the tumoursuppression function of BRCA1. Cancer-predisposing missense an ...
... two proteins in vivo [42,43]. Collectively, these observations indicate that BRCA1 functions as a heterodimer with BARD1 in vivo and this association and the structural integrity of the RING domain is of critical importance for the tumoursuppression function of BRCA1. Cancer-predisposing missense an ...
Formation of Helical Hairpins during Membrane Protein Integration
... Keywords: membrane protein; protein structure; glycosylation; transmembrane helix; helical hairpin ...
... Keywords: membrane protein; protein structure; glycosylation; transmembrane helix; helical hairpin ...
Phylogenetic Classification of Protozoa Based on the
... the linker in P. falciparum is 89 amino acids. The linker in ChDHFR-TS plays an important role in the structure of the enzyme. Compared with the structure of DHFR-TS from PfDHFR-TS (8) in which major portions of the linker domain are not built into the model, the entire linker domain of ChDHFR-TS is ...
... the linker in P. falciparum is 89 amino acids. The linker in ChDHFR-TS plays an important role in the structure of the enzyme. Compared with the structure of DHFR-TS from PfDHFR-TS (8) in which major portions of the linker domain are not built into the model, the entire linker domain of ChDHFR-TS is ...
The Vps13p–Cdc31p complex is directly required for TGN late
... These observations presented a dilemma in that loss of a factor required for PVC-to-Golgi retrieval suppressed mutation of a signal also required for retrieval. This puzzling observation was resolved when it was found that vps13 mutations potentiate the function of a second TGN localization signal, ...
... These observations presented a dilemma in that loss of a factor required for PVC-to-Golgi retrieval suppressed mutation of a signal also required for retrieval. This puzzling observation was resolved when it was found that vps13 mutations potentiate the function of a second TGN localization signal, ...
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... It is produced from whole raw corn, and not from corn processing by-products. Zein has traditionally been isolated and manufactured from corn gluten meal, a coproduct of the corn wet milling industry which has been exposed to steeping chemicals such as sulfur dioxide and lactic acid, among others, a ...
... It is produced from whole raw corn, and not from corn processing by-products. Zein has traditionally been isolated and manufactured from corn gluten meal, a coproduct of the corn wet milling industry which has been exposed to steeping chemicals such as sulfur dioxide and lactic acid, among others, a ...
A Personal Account of Chaperonin History
... sion of these proteins in E. coli did yield some soluble, biologically active Rubisco, most of the Rubisco was an insoluble, inactive inclusion body. Pierre engineered a plasmid encoding the GroE operon so that one could over-express GroEL and GroES and Rubisco in the same E. coli cell. The total am ...
... sion of these proteins in E. coli did yield some soluble, biologically active Rubisco, most of the Rubisco was an insoluble, inactive inclusion body. Pierre engineered a plasmid encoding the GroE operon so that one could over-express GroEL and GroES and Rubisco in the same E. coli cell. The total am ...
How do potentials derived from structural databases relate to true
... Starting from random sequences, Figure 1 shows the limiting values of Z-scores arising from a search of the sequence space. The initial random sequences had Z-scores around -3.5, and then evolved to sequences having Z-scores between - 10 and - 15. At each step of the search process, two mutation sit ...
... Starting from random sequences, Figure 1 shows the limiting values of Z-scores arising from a search of the sequence space. The initial random sequences had Z-scores around -3.5, and then evolved to sequences having Z-scores between - 10 and - 15. At each step of the search process, two mutation sit ...
Phylogenetic Classification of Protozoa Based on the Structure of
... the linker in P. falciparum is 89 amino acids. The linker in ChDHFR-TS plays an important role in the structure of the enzyme. Compared with the structure of DHFR-TS from PfDHFR-TS (8) in which major portions of the linker domain are not built into the model, the entire linker domain of ChDHFR-TS is ...
... the linker in P. falciparum is 89 amino acids. The linker in ChDHFR-TS plays an important role in the structure of the enzyme. Compared with the structure of DHFR-TS from PfDHFR-TS (8) in which major portions of the linker domain are not built into the model, the entire linker domain of ChDHFR-TS is ...
Write on zinc fingers
... The majority of engineered zinc finger arrays are based on the zinc finger domain of the murine transcription factor Zif268, although some groups have used zinc finger arrays based on the human transcription factor SP1. Zif268 has three individual zinc finger motifs that collectively bind a 9 bp seq ...
... The majority of engineered zinc finger arrays are based on the zinc finger domain of the murine transcription factor Zif268, although some groups have used zinc finger arrays based on the human transcription factor SP1. Zif268 has three individual zinc finger motifs that collectively bind a 9 bp seq ...
CONFERENCE REPORT FROM A NOBEL MINISYMPOSIUM/JIM
... their native structures into amyloid fibrils, and in line with those observations almost all proteins apparently contain segments with the potential to form amyloid-like fibrils. However, only a tiny fraction of all proteins really forms amyloid - so far only 30 amyloid diseases have been described, ...
... their native structures into amyloid fibrils, and in line with those observations almost all proteins apparently contain segments with the potential to form amyloid-like fibrils. However, only a tiny fraction of all proteins really forms amyloid - so far only 30 amyloid diseases have been described, ...
scf and cullin/ring h2-based
... ubiquitination of phosphorylated Sic1 by the yCdc34 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Skowyra et al (1997) also demonstrated that a distinct SCF complex can be formed by replacing Cdc4 with another F box–containing protein, Grr1. This important finding suggested that SCFCdc4 may be the prototype for a b ...
... ubiquitination of phosphorylated Sic1 by the yCdc34 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Skowyra et al (1997) also demonstrated that a distinct SCF complex can be formed by replacing Cdc4 with another F box–containing protein, Grr1. This important finding suggested that SCFCdc4 may be the prototype for a b ...
Escherichia coli Karl Skoog
... cytoplasm, whereas the second step, polymerization of peptidoglycan precursors to form the peptidoglycan layer, occurs in the periplasm 35. The peptidoglycan precursor is called lipid II. It is a disaccharide pentapeptide linked to an undecaprenylphosphate lipid and it is formed by a number of event ...
... cytoplasm, whereas the second step, polymerization of peptidoglycan precursors to form the peptidoglycan layer, occurs in the periplasm 35. The peptidoglycan precursor is called lipid II. It is a disaccharide pentapeptide linked to an undecaprenylphosphate lipid and it is formed by a number of event ...
Transcriptional control by the TGF/Smad signaling system
... AGAC sequence, and the Smad2 MH2 domain. The principal interactions of these two domains are listed. The structures involved in these interactions are shown in different colors: the b-hairpin (bhp) that mediated DNA binding, the L3 loop and a-helix 1 (aH-1) that specify Smad interactions with type I ...
... AGAC sequence, and the Smad2 MH2 domain. The principal interactions of these two domains are listed. The structures involved in these interactions are shown in different colors: the b-hairpin (bhp) that mediated DNA binding, the L3 loop and a-helix 1 (aH-1) that specify Smad interactions with type I ...
Identification of the Factors Responsible for the Interaction of
... flexible docking. It calculates the intermolecular “energies” by adding up all intermolecular interactions (e.g. Vander Waals, electrostatic) that occur between a ligand and protein targe. Hex Server has an easy-to-use form-based interface, through which users may upload a pair of protein structures ...
... flexible docking. It calculates the intermolecular “energies” by adding up all intermolecular interactions (e.g. Vander Waals, electrostatic) that occur between a ligand and protein targe. Hex Server has an easy-to-use form-based interface, through which users may upload a pair of protein structures ...
You can answer the question Yourself with a few
... one type of whey. You might see whey protein isolate, whey protein hydrolysate (aka hydrolyzed whey protein), or whey protein concentrate. To be considered a great whey protein, the product must list whey ...
... one type of whey. You might see whey protein isolate, whey protein hydrolysate (aka hydrolyzed whey protein), or whey protein concentrate. To be considered a great whey protein, the product must list whey ...
The ribosome — a macromolecular machine par excellence
... proximity: the anticodon loops, which must make contact with two successive codons of the message, and the CCA ends, which must be close enough to allow transfer of the peptide bond, at the so-called peptidyltransferase center. The large (~80 Å) separation of the anticodon- and aminoacid-carrying en ...
... proximity: the anticodon loops, which must make contact with two successive codons of the message, and the CCA ends, which must be close enough to allow transfer of the peptide bond, at the so-called peptidyltransferase center. The large (~80 Å) separation of the anticodon- and aminoacid-carrying en ...
Transmembrane Fragment Structures of Amyloid Precursor Protein
... simulations in POPC bilayer (Figure 2 and S2). Having established that our simulations represent the water and lipid accessibility in a micellar environment, we further examined the role of membrane surface curvature on other structural features. In simulations, residues at the interface in the DPC ...
... simulations in POPC bilayer (Figure 2 and S2). Having established that our simulations represent the water and lipid accessibility in a micellar environment, we further examined the role of membrane surface curvature on other structural features. In simulations, residues at the interface in the DPC ...
Structural Analyses of Zinc Finger Domains for Specific Interactions
... suppresses ipt in the plant. Ros affects a large number of plants, and it was proposed that horizontal gene transfer occurred from bacteria to plants, although there is a second opinion for this proposal. The primary sequence of this zinc finger domain shows that only nine amino acids are placed bet ...
... suppresses ipt in the plant. Ros affects a large number of plants, and it was proposed that horizontal gene transfer occurred from bacteria to plants, although there is a second opinion for this proposal. The primary sequence of this zinc finger domain shows that only nine amino acids are placed bet ...
Protein domain
A protein domain is a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. Each domain forms a compact three-dimensional structure and often can be independently stable and folded. Many proteins consist of several structural domains. One domain may appear in a variety of different proteins. Molecular evolution uses domains as building blocks and these may be recombined in different arrangements to create proteins with different functions. Domains vary in length from between about 25 amino acids up to 500 amino acids in length. The shortest domains such as zinc fingers are stabilized by metal ions or disulfide bridges. Domains often form functional units, such as the calcium-binding EF hand domain of calmodulin. Because they are independently stable, domains can be ""swapped"" by genetic engineering between one protein and another to make chimeric proteins.