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Performance Measurement
Performance Measurement

... Risk Measures in Trading Trading outcomes need to be assessed relative to risk Performance measurement is not complete without risk ...
on futures contracts
on futures contracts

... – Take or make delivery – Most trades are reversed and do not involve actual delivery ...
Futures - HSBC Broking Services
Futures - HSBC Broking Services

... limit losses to the intended amounts. Market conditions may make it impossible to execute such orders. 5. The amount of initial margin is small relative to the value of the futures contract so that transactions are ‘leveraged’ or ‘geared’. The lower the initial margin amount is used to open a posi ...
Submission: Discussion Paper - Handling and use of
Submission: Discussion Paper - Handling and use of

... withdraw funds from the segregated client trust account for margin and hedging purposes. However, providers can only access client funds and make transfers from the segregated client account during business hours. In addition, major LPs are usually based overseas and therefore international fund tra ...
the structure of forward and futures markets
the structure of forward and futures markets

... the over-the-counter forward market is a highly regulated market forward contracts prevent the writer from assuming the credit risk of the buyer terms and conditions are tailored to the specific needs of the two parties involved transaction information between the two parties involved in the forward ...
CME Group customer forum
CME Group customer forum

... Futures and swaps trading is not suitable for all investors, and involves the risk of loss. Futures and swaps are leveraged investments, and because only a percentage of a contract’s value is required to trade, it is possible to lose more than the amount of money initially deposited for a futures an ...
PDF
PDF

... years, the prospect is that they will increase further. The common perception is that international trade markets investments popularity comes from the fact that the goods constitute an alternative asset class with returns that present, at least in theory, low or negative correlation with the return ...
Schedule F · High-Risk Investment Notice
Schedule F · High-Risk Investment Notice

... Buying options involves less risk than selling options because, if the price of the underlying asset moves against you, you can simply allow the option to lapse. The maximum loss is limited to the premium, plus any commission or other transaction charges. However, if you buy a call option on a futur ...
Derivatives and their feedback effects on the spot markets
Derivatives and their feedback effects on the spot markets

... spot market instruments and create new opportunities for the transfer of risk among market participants. Derivatives trading is contributing increasingly to price discovery on financial markets. On the other hand, derivative instruments can also give rise to additional risks, such as counterparty ri ...
The role of hedge funds (II)
The role of hedge funds (II)

... sufficient source of comfort? Probably not. The fact that Amaranth could manage to accumulate highly concentrated positions in the energy futures markets without the market knowing it suggests that counterparty-risk management may not be working as well as most regulators would have expected. The in ...
on futures contracts
on futures contracts

... – Take or make delivery – Most trades are reversed and do not involve actual delivery ...
Volatility and Risk Management
Volatility and Risk Management

... even establishing a processing margin protects them against adverse price moves from the level at which they fixed the price or margin. That may achieve important risk management objectives such as the ability to service debt, meet key financial targets or secure financing for expansions. However, f ...
An approach on how to trade in commodities market
An approach on how to trade in commodities market

... You can start your investment with an amount as low as say Rs 25,000. All you need is money for margins payable upfront to exchanges through brokers. Generally commodity futures require an initial margin between 5-10% of the contract value. The exchanges levy higher additional margin in case of exc ...
Chapter Ten
Chapter Ten

... whose value is linked to and derived from something else. The ‘something else’ is usually a security, a portfolio or an index. Derivatives may be used for different purposes. For instance, mortgage backed derivatives are often created to improve the marketability of existing loans, thereby improving ...
The Role of Positions and Activities In Derivative Pricing A
The Role of Positions and Activities In Derivative Pricing A

... Hedges with the underlying, thus transferring the trading activities (order imbalances) and price pressure to the underlying. Hu (2014): Stock order flow imbalance coming from delta hedging is more informative than order flows from pure stock trading... ...
Document
Document

... • investor keeps the account’s equity equal to or greater than a certain percentage • if not met, margin call is issued to the buyer and seller • variation margin – represents the additional deposit of cash that brings the equity up to the margin ...
National Institute of Securities Markets
National Institute of Securities Markets

... 3.4.2 Know the market lot / contract amount, contract months, expiry dates of exchange traded derivatives contracts 3.4.3 Understand tick size and its relation to the minimum change in the contract value 3.4.4 Describe the procedure for determining the daily settlement price and final settlement pri ...
Mechanics of Futures Markets
Mechanics of Futures Markets

... – Net capital gains are subject to the capital-gain tax – Note that the capital losses are not deductible from the ...
Presentation
Presentation

... If they see an opportunity for exploiting a misaligned price without taking a risk, and after accounting for the opportunity cost of funds that are required to be deployed, they will seize it and exploit it to the hilt. ...
TA Pai Management Institute - Xavier Institute of Management
TA Pai Management Institute - Xavier Institute of Management

... If they see an opportunity for exploiting a misaligned price without taking a risk, and after accounting for the opportunity cost of funds that are required to be deployed, they will seize it and exploit it to the hilt. ...
Total Return Swap
Total Return Swap

... Registration Requirements ...
- Advisor To Client
- Advisor To Client

... To make it easier for you to prepare meeting materials, we’ve developed these slides about the 5 types of hedge funds. The presentation is in a Word file to make it simpler to customize content to meet your clients’ information needs. ...
Luminis Credit Assessment Information
Luminis Credit Assessment Information

... If a hedge is entered into, please note that the credit assessment must be updated annually for as long as the hedge is active. Please also note that all credit assessment reports – Counterparty Risk Reports (initial) and Surveillance Reports (annual updates) – are confidential documents and only ...
I_Ch03
I_Ch03

... – Stop orders (停損委託單) Stop-loss (buy) orders specify that a stock share should be sold (bought) immediately when its price falls below (rises above) a limit In other words, investors who send stop-loss (stop-buy) orders will sell (buy) shares equal to or lower (higher) than the specified limit Once ...
MGM-19 - International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation
MGM-19 - International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation

... lead the price of underlying to the perceived future level. Derivatives market helps to transfer risks from those who have them but may not like them to those who have an appetite for them. Derivatives trading acts as a catalyst for new entrepreneurial activity. Derivatives markets help increase sav ...
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Contract for difference

In finance, a contract for difference (CFD) is a contract between two parties, typically described as ""buyer"" and ""seller"", stipulating that the seller will pay to the buyer the difference between the current value of an asset and its value at contract time (If the difference is negative, then the buyer pays instead to the seller). In effect CFDs are financial derivatives that allow traders to take advantage of prices moving up (long positions) or prices moving down (short positions) on underlying financial instruments and are often used to speculate on those markets.For example, when applied to equities, such a contract is an equity derivative that allows traders to speculate on share price movements, without the need for ownership of the underlying shares.CFDs are currently available in Australia, Austria, Canada, Cyprus, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and New Zealand. They are not permitted in a number of other countries. In the United States, under the Dodd-Frank Act, CFDs are considered to be “swaps” or “security-based swaps,” depending on the nature of the underlier on which they are based, and are subject to the regulatory framework for those products established by Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act. For example, a CFD on Apple common stock would be a security-based swap (SBS) subject to the regulatory framework for SBS established by the Dodd-Frank Act. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, among other things, transactions in SBS with or for retail investors (that is, persons who are not “eligible contract participants”) must be done on a registered national securities exchange and offers and sales of SBS to retail investors must be registered under the Securities Act of 1933.
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