SUSTAINABLE EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS AND SCALABLE
... hierarchically organized fitness levels and keeping evolution going at all fitness levels, HFC transforms the conventional convergent evolutionary computation model into a sustainable search framework by ensuring a continuous supply and incorporation of low-level building blocks and by culturing and ...
... hierarchically organized fitness levels and keeping evolution going at all fitness levels, HFC transforms the conventional convergent evolutionary computation model into a sustainable search framework by ensuring a continuous supply and incorporation of low-level building blocks and by culturing and ...
Mendel and modern genetics: the legacy for today
... † If both parents were hybrids, any of the three possible combinations could occur and would be distributed randomly, according to the laws of probability: 1 AA: 2 Aa: 1 aa; because organisms that are Aa and AA look alike, the ratio based on appearance of the traits (what later came to be called ‘ph ...
... † If both parents were hybrids, any of the three possible combinations could occur and would be distributed randomly, according to the laws of probability: 1 AA: 2 Aa: 1 aa; because organisms that are Aa and AA look alike, the ratio based on appearance of the traits (what later came to be called ‘ph ...
HOM-C/Hox genes and four interacting loci
... previous studies we described the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of the adult ray pattern, and demonstrated a role of six genes essential to the process (Baird et al., 1991). From these studies we concluded that the rays were not morphogenetically equivalent. In spite of the fact th ...
... previous studies we described the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of the adult ray pattern, and demonstrated a role of six genes essential to the process (Baird et al., 1991). From these studies we concluded that the rays were not morphogenetically equivalent. In spite of the fact th ...
Bio-session package - Social Science Genetic Association Consortium
... New mutations that contribute to an increase or decrease in risk to disease arise in populations all the time. Some of these mutations can reach an appreciable frequency in the population, for example by random drift or by natural selection. As discussed in the main text, these mutations will be ass ...
... New mutations that contribute to an increase or decrease in risk to disease arise in populations all the time. Some of these mutations can reach an appreciable frequency in the population, for example by random drift or by natural selection. As discussed in the main text, these mutations will be ass ...
Increased Expression of c-jun, junB, AP
... (Amersham, Solna, Sweden) for 2-4 weeks. For the colocalization studies consecutive 5 pm sections were incubated with different probes and dipped in NTB-3 emulsion (Kodak, Jlrfalla, Sweden) and exposed for 4-7 weeks. After the emulsion had been developed, sections were lightly counterstained in cres ...
... (Amersham, Solna, Sweden) for 2-4 weeks. For the colocalization studies consecutive 5 pm sections were incubated with different probes and dipped in NTB-3 emulsion (Kodak, Jlrfalla, Sweden) and exposed for 4-7 weeks. After the emulsion had been developed, sections were lightly counterstained in cres ...
The adaptive dynamics of function-valued traits
... more important becomes the mutational variance–covariance underlying its evolution. Such variance–covariance can be interpreted as imposing evolutionary constraints on the adaptation of vector-valued and function-valued traits: mutational variation in certain components of such traits may either be ...
... more important becomes the mutational variance–covariance underlying its evolution. Such variance–covariance can be interpreted as imposing evolutionary constraints on the adaptation of vector-valued and function-valued traits: mutational variation in certain components of such traits may either be ...
genes-157686-revisions v2_untracked
... two interspersed AGG motifs, the positions of which are semi-conserved at the 5’ end [25, 27, 28, 30, 31] and which it is thought act as an anchor to prevent instability due to slippage replication or unequal crossing-over. Haplotype analysis has showed strong linkage disequilibrium between flanking ...
... two interspersed AGG motifs, the positions of which are semi-conserved at the 5’ end [25, 27, 28, 30, 31] and which it is thought act as an anchor to prevent instability due to slippage replication or unequal crossing-over. Haplotype analysis has showed strong linkage disequilibrium between flanking ...
The XTH Family of Enzymes Involved in Xyloglucan
... genome duplication and gene reshuffling (Blanc et al. 2000). For example, At-XTH28 located on chromosome I and AtXTH27 on chromosome II share one ancestral gene, while AtXTH16 on chromosome III and XTH15 on chromosome IV also share a common ancestor. The cluster of At-XTH14 and AtXTH23 on chromosome ...
... genome duplication and gene reshuffling (Blanc et al. 2000). For example, At-XTH28 located on chromosome I and AtXTH27 on chromosome II share one ancestral gene, while AtXTH16 on chromosome III and XTH15 on chromosome IV also share a common ancestor. The cluster of At-XTH14 and AtXTH23 on chromosome ...
Constraint Programming - What is behind?
... integers (although often they are), they need not even be numeric. A solution to a CSP is an assignment of a value from its domain to every variable, in such a way that all constraints are satisfied at once. We may want to find: • just one solution, with no preference as to which one, • all solution ...
... integers (although often they are), they need not even be numeric. A solution to a CSP is an assignment of a value from its domain to every variable, in such a way that all constraints are satisfied at once. We may want to find: • just one solution, with no preference as to which one, • all solution ...
coloured foal booklet - British Skewbald and Piebald Association
... a coloured foal regardless of the markings of the other parent, whilst those with only one Tobiano gene will only produce 50% coloured offspring when crossed to a solid coloured horse. Never EVER believe anybody who tries to tell you that a particular stallion produces 80% (or whatever) coloured foa ...
... a coloured foal regardless of the markings of the other parent, whilst those with only one Tobiano gene will only produce 50% coloured offspring when crossed to a solid coloured horse. Never EVER believe anybody who tries to tell you that a particular stallion produces 80% (or whatever) coloured foa ...
Completion of a parasexual cycle in Candida
... 30% were tetra-allelic (12/40). The simplest interpretation of these results is that approximately one-third of the cells grown on pre-spo medium lost two copies of chromosome 5 (the chromosome containing MTL), onethird lost one copy of chromosome 5 and one-third retained the parental con®guration o ...
... 30% were tetra-allelic (12/40). The simplest interpretation of these results is that approximately one-third of the cells grown on pre-spo medium lost two copies of chromosome 5 (the chromosome containing MTL), onethird lost one copy of chromosome 5 and one-third retained the parental con®guration o ...
Genetic Analysis of Variation in Human Meiotic Recombination
... [14] collections to determine recombination phenotypes. For our analysis, we used the genotype data from members of twogeneration families that have two or more children to infer recombination phenotypes of the parents in these families. The 511 AGRE families have an average of 2.26 children (median ...
... [14] collections to determine recombination phenotypes. For our analysis, we used the genotype data from members of twogeneration families that have two or more children to infer recombination phenotypes of the parents in these families. The 511 AGRE families have an average of 2.26 children (median ...
Natural Selection and Genetic Drift: An Exploration of Allele
... allele B have an equal probability of going to either extreme. Figure 5 shows sample plots for populations with ten, one hundred, and one thousand individuals. As expected, there is more pronounced variation in allele frequency due to genetic drift in the smaller populations than in the larger ones. ...
... allele B have an equal probability of going to either extreme. Figure 5 shows sample plots for populations with ten, one hundred, and one thousand individuals. As expected, there is more pronounced variation in allele frequency due to genetic drift in the smaller populations than in the larger ones. ...
2. Model for Composition Analysis - The University of Texas at Dallas
... model. We replace the notion of actors by a virtual functional unit, called a module. A module is specified by its functional requirement and the descriptions for each data input and output. It has to be instantiated by an actual component in the repository. Since there may exist multiple components ...
... model. We replace the notion of actors by a virtual functional unit, called a module. A module is specified by its functional requirement and the descriptions for each data input and output. It has to be instantiated by an actual component in the repository. Since there may exist multiple components ...
wsp Gene Sequences from the Wolbachia of Filarial Nematodes
... major outer membrane proteins of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Cowdria species. While alignment among wsp sequences was unambiguous along most of the gene, alignment with the surface-protein genes of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Cowdria appeared unreliable (not shown). As expected from the unreliability of ...
... major outer membrane proteins of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Cowdria species. While alignment among wsp sequences was unambiguous along most of the gene, alignment with the surface-protein genes of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Cowdria appeared unreliable (not shown). As expected from the unreliability of ...
Regulation of Na/K-ATPase β1 -subunit gene
... Medium 199 (Gibco), penicillin (100 units/ml), streptomycin (100 µg/ml), and 10% fetal bovine serum. After 24 h of incubation at 37°C in humidified air with 5% CO2, medium was changed to one with the same composition as above, but without serum. All experiments were done after 48 h of further incuba ...
... Medium 199 (Gibco), penicillin (100 units/ml), streptomycin (100 µg/ml), and 10% fetal bovine serum. After 24 h of incubation at 37°C in humidified air with 5% CO2, medium was changed to one with the same composition as above, but without serum. All experiments were done after 48 h of further incuba ...
lecture - Berkeley MCB
... mutants synthesized an endogenous inducer which was absent in inducible cells. The results described here suggest an exactly opposite hypothesis. The facts can be explained by the supposition that the i gene determines (via an enzyme intermediate) the synthesis, not of an inducer, but of a "represso ...
... mutants synthesized an endogenous inducer which was absent in inducible cells. The results described here suggest an exactly opposite hypothesis. The facts can be explained by the supposition that the i gene determines (via an enzyme intermediate) the synthesis, not of an inducer, but of a "represso ...
Origin and Characterization of the `Lemon
... Tkachencko (12) considered ‘Lemon’ to be so different from other cucumbers that he designated it as a distinct species, Cucumis sphaerocarpus, named after its round fruit. But it is C. sativus, of course, and only a few genes determine the major characteristics that distinguish ‘Lemon’ from other c ...
... Tkachencko (12) considered ‘Lemon’ to be so different from other cucumbers that he designated it as a distinct species, Cucumis sphaerocarpus, named after its round fruit. But it is C. sativus, of course, and only a few genes determine the major characteristics that distinguish ‘Lemon’ from other c ...
On the Decision Boundaries of Hyperbolic Neurons
... 2000 [1] is one possible extension of usual realvalued neural networks to two dimensions. It is based on hyperbolic numbers which are a counterpart to complex numbers. Complex–valued neural networks have found many applications in recent years [3]. Deriving a general theory of decision boundaries in ...
... 2000 [1] is one possible extension of usual realvalued neural networks to two dimensions. It is based on hyperbolic numbers which are a counterpart to complex numbers. Complex–valued neural networks have found many applications in recent years [3]. Deriving a general theory of decision boundaries in ...
Chapter 13
... made up of segments of DNA • Each gene has a specific location called a locus on a certain chromosome ...
... made up of segments of DNA • Each gene has a specific location called a locus on a certain chromosome ...